Autopsy

The decedent was approximately five feet six inches (1.68 m) in height, weighed between 105 and 120 pounds (48 and 54 kg),^{[14][n 1]} and was described by the Harris County Medical Examiner as being a "well-nourished" individual.^[9] Her eyes were hazel,^[7] and her hair was approximately 10 inches in length and light brown in color, with what has been described as a possible reddish tint, although her hair bore no evidence of having received color treatment.^[12] The decedent's fingernails were bare, and her toenails had been painted pink.^[9] Distinctive features upon her body were a vertical scar measuring one-and-a-half inches^[17] at the edge of her right eyebrow and the fact that her right nipple was inverted.^[17][18] Due to the general condition of the decedent's body, including her overall health, nutrition and the excellent dental care she had received in life,^[18] she was believed to have come from a middle-class household.^[19]

The cause of death was certified by the coroner to be asphyxia^[20] due to ligature strangulation,^[21] possibly inflicted via a pantyhose,^[7] fragments of which—along with the decedent's underwear—were found inside the victim's vaginal cavity.^[18] The pantyhose and underwear had likely been placed inside the girl's vaginal cavity in an attempt to prevent her body from bleeding as she was transported to the site of her discovery. She had been sexually assaulted prior to her death with a large blunt instrument^[18] both vaginally and anally.^[8][18] It is unknown if the girl had been conventionally raped, as no biological evidence attesting to this form of sexual assault was discovered either at the crime scene or in the coroner's subsequent examination of her body.^{[9][n 2]} The girl had also been severely beaten prior to her death as many bruises were evident across her body, with her lips and right eyelid, in particular, being extensively swollen. In addition, her right shoulder bore a deep and visible bite mark.^[18]

Sightings

Following exhaustive witness appeals and extensive media accounts regarding this murder, numerous individuals (all of whom are now deceased) informed investigators they had seen a teenage girl matching the decedent's description within the 24 hours prior to her murder. These individuals include the manager of a South End Gulf station and two employees at the Hitch 'n' Post truck stop, all of whom described this girl as wearing blue jeans, a dirty yellow pullover, and a white knit sweater with noticeably large pockets which extended past her waist. This girl had been carrying red leather-strapped high heel sandals.^[6][23]

According to the first witness, the girl—appearing somewhat disheveled^[9]—had arrived at the South End Gulf station at approximately 6:30 p.m. on October 31. At this location, she had exited a blue 1973 or 1974 model Chevrolet Caprice with a light-colored top, which had been driven by a white male.^[18][24] This witness stated the girl had asked for directions to the Texas Department of Corrections Ellis Prison Farm.^[13][25] After receiving directions, the girl had left the Gulf station on foot, and was later seen walking north on Sam Houston Avenue.^{[9][n 3]}

This same girl was later seen at the Hitch 'n' Post truck stop alongside Interstate 45,^[25] where she again requested directions to the Texas Department of Corrections Ellis Prison Farm, claiming "a friend" was waiting for her at this location.^[26] In response, a waitress drew a map providing directions to the prison farm which she then handed to the girl.^[18] This waitress informed investigators that she had suspected the girl was a runaway and that in their brief conversation, the girl had informed her she was from either Rockport or Aransas Pass, Texas. The girl had also claimed to this waitress that she was 19 years old; when the waitress had expressed doubts as to her claimed age and further asked if her parents knew her whereabouts, this girl had reportedly replied, "Who cares?"^{[27][n 4]}

Ellis Prison Farm

Both inmates and employees of the Ellis Prison Farm were canvassed and shown mortuary photographs of the victim, although none was able to identify her.^[6][9] According to a detective working the cold case in the 21st century, only one inmate was of a similar age to the victim. Investigators were never able to establish a connection between the two.^[29] Investigators traveled to both the Rockport and Aransas Pass districts to consult with law enforcement personnel regarding any missing females whose physical descriptions matched that of the victim.^[30] Staff at schools in both districts were also contacted by investigators for the same purpose. Numerous Texas high school yearbooks were searched for any female known to be missing whose physical features matched her description. None yielded results,^[13] and no missing person reports relating to young Caucasian females were matched to the victim at the time.^[8]

Despite the fact police and media appeals in the towns of Rockport or Aransas Pass to discover the identity of the victim failed to produce any fruitful leads as to her identity, it was thought that she may have indeed hailed from the general region she had stated to the waitress at the Hitch 'n' Post truck stop the evening prior to her murder.^[6]

Further forensic analysis

The remains of Walker County Jane Doe were exhumed in 1999 in order to conduct a further forensic examination of her remains, including the obtaining of a DNA sample from her body.^[9][32] This second forensic examination of her body revised the likely age of Walker County Jane Doe to be between 14 and 18 years old, ^[7] with investigators stating they believed the most likely age of Walker County Jane Doe to be between 14-and-a-half and 16-and-a-half years old.^[28][33]

In November 2015, the case was officially reopened by the Walker County Sheriff's Office.^[23]

DNA testing was also conducted upon the high-heeled red leather sandals found at the crime scene; the results of this testing remain undisclosed. Local police departments also actively monitored other missing person reports for any potential matches to the victim.^[7] Investigators have also reached out to the public via various online websites, news media and television networks in hopes of generating further leads of inquiry—all of which, to date, have been unsuccessful in identifying her murderer(s).^[8]

Facial reconstructions

Several forensic facial reconstructions have been created to illustrate estimations of how Walker County Jane Doe may have looked in life. In 1990, forensic and portrait artist Karen T. Taylor created a postmortem drawing of Walker County Jane Doe in which she incorporated an estimation as to the appearance of the necklace she had been wearing. An investigator at the Walker County Sheriff's office has also created a facial rendering of the victim.^[34]

Taylor has included this case in her book Forensic Art and Illustration, in which she confessed to having experienced difficulties in creating her sketch of the decedent as the only frontal photograph made available to her at the time was of one taken after the victim had received extensive reconstructive cosmetic treatment at the Huntsville Funeral Home in order for her facial features to be sufficient to be viewed in an open-casket funeral. Taylor further explained that a scaled photograph of the girl's necklace was not made available to her, and she was forced to guess at the size of this item of jewelry for the facial reconstruction she produced.^[35]

Within the decade prior to Walker County Jane Doe's identification, the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children constructed and released two facial reconstructions of how the victim may have appeared in life. The first facial reconstruction was released in 2012 and the second shortly after the 35th anniversary of her murder. All facial reconstructions were created with the aid of studying mortuary photographs taken of the victim.^[7]

Gender of perpetrator

Some individuals have speculated Jarvis may have been assaulted and murdered by a female assailant as opposed to a male. This hypothesis was initially suggested by a journalist named Michael Hargraves, who based this assumption upon the fact that no semen was found upon or within Jarvis's body, or at the actual crime scene, and that the only sexual assaults conclusively proven to have been committed upon the girl were performed by aggressively forcing an object or objects into her bodily orifices. Hargraves elaborated his hypothesis by stating that men who commit crimes of a sexual nature are typically known to bite their victims upon sensitive areas of the body as opposed to the shoulder, as had occurred in this case.^[15]

The act of male perpetrators of murders committed with a sexual motivation occasionally collecting souvenirs from their victims was also noted to be inconsistent with this case, as the necklace Jarvis had worn was still present upon her body.^[18] However, the fact that it is unknown if Jarvis had worn other items of jewelry at the time of her murder, and that her ears were pierced yet her earlobes held no earrings may negate this portion of Hargraves' hypothesis.^[9] Furthermore, most of the girl's clothing was missing from the crime scene.^[9]

Links to other murders

A possibility exists that Jarvis may have been murdered by the same perpetrator as another formerly unidentified murder victim, known as "Orange Socks", who was murdered almost exactly a year before Jarvis and whose body was found in Georgetown, Texas.^{[n 5]} Serial killer Henry Lee Lucas has also been named as a possible suspect in this case,^[9][24] although the bite mark found upon Jarvis's shoulder was inconsistent with Lucas's dentistry. No prime suspects have been named in this murder, although police have considered the possibility that the victim was murdered by a serial killer.^[7][23]

In 2017, a theory arose that Jarvis may have been killed by the same perpetrator known to have murdered three other females in 1980 whose bodies were dumped alongside Interstate 45. All were strangled; some were sexually assaulted in a similar manner. All four victims were described by investigators as being "high risk".^[45]

One of the women, aged between 20 and 30, was found on October 15, 1980 in Houston. She was a black female with possible Asian heritage, and had died months prior to the discovery of her body.^[46] A second female was also black; her body was discovered beneath a bridge in Houston in December 1980. Her age at the time of murder was estimated at between 16 and 26 years old at the time of her murder.^[47]