West_Champaran_district
West Champaran district
District in Bihar, India
West Champaran is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India, located just 60 km (37 mi) west of Birgunj. It is the largest district in Bihar with an area of 5,228 km2(2,019sq mi). It is a part of Tirhut Division.[1] The district headquarters are located in Bettiah. The district is known for its open border with Nepal. One of the major location in West Champaran is Kumar Bagh for SAIL Special Processing Unit and Bhitiharwa where Mahatma Gandhi started Satyagrah Aandolan.
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West Champaran district | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Seal | |
 Location of West Champaran district in Bihar | |
| Coordinates (Bettiah): 26°48′N 84°30′E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Bihar |
| Division | Tirhut |
| Headquarters | Bettiah |
| Tehsils | 18 |
| Government | |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Paschim Champaran, Valmiki Nagar |
| • Vidhan Sabha constituencies | Valmiki Nagar, Ramnagar, Narkatiaganj, Bagaha, Lauriya, Nautan, Chanpatia, Bettiah, Sikta |
| Area | |
| • Total | 5,228 km2 (2,019 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 1 (in bihar) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 3,935,042 |
| • Density | 750/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 58.06 per cent |
| • Sex ratio | 906 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| PIN Code | |
| Major highways | NH 28B |
| Website | http://westchamparan.bih.nic.in/ |
West Champaran is the largest sugarcane producing district of Bihar in 2022.[2]
West Champaran district occupies an area of 5,228 square kilometres (2,019 sq mi),[3] comparatively equivalent to Canada's Amund Ringnes Island.[4]
Flora and fauna
In 1989 West Champaran district became home to Valmiki National Park, which has an area of 336 km2 (129.7 sq mi). It is also home to two wildlife sanctuaries: Valmiki (adjacent to its namesake national park) and Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary.[5] Fauna include the Bengal tiger.[6][7]
The West Champaran district is divided into 3 Tehsil (sub-division):
Blocks
The West Champaran district is divided into 18 Blocks Bettiah, Sikta, Mainatand, Chanpattia, Bairia, Lauria, Bagaha - 1, Bagaha - 2, Madhubani, Gaunaha, Narkatiaganj, Manjhaulia, Nautan, Jogapatti, Ramnagar, Thakraha, Bhitaha, Piprasi
The district is well connected by roads and railways to all major cities.
Lok Sabha constituencies in the district are Paschim Champaran, Valmiki Nagar.
Vidhan Sabha constituencies in the district are Valmiki Nagar, Ramnagar, Narkatiaganj, Bagaha, Lauriya, Nautan, Chanpatia, Bettiah, Sikta
| District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance | Remarks | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Champaran | 1 | Valmiki Nagar | Dhirendra Pratap Singh | JD(U) | NDA | |||
| 2 | Ramnagar | Bhagirathi Devi | BJP | NDA | ||||
| 3 | Narkatiaganj | Rashmi Varma | BJP | NDA | ||||
| 4 | Bagaha | Ram Singh | BJP | NDA | ||||
| 5 | Lauriya | Vinay Bihari | BJP | NDA | ||||
| 6 | Nautan | Narayan Prasad | BJP | NDA | ||||
| 7 | Chanpatia | Umakant Singh | BJP | NDA | ||||
| 8 | Bettiah | Renu Devi | BJP | NDA | ||||
| 9 | Sikta | Birendra Prasad Gupta | CPI(ML)L | MGB | ||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 762,628 | — |
| 1911 | 812,855 | +0.64% |
| 1921 | 826,679 | +0.17% |
| 1931 | 913,931 | +1.01% |
| 1941 | 1,021,217 | +1.12% |
| 1951 | 1,071,382 | +0.48% |
| 1961 | 1,325,122 | +2.15% |
| 1971 | 1,587,019 | +1.82% |
| 1981 | 1,972,610 | +2.20% |
| 1991 | 2,333,666 | +1.70% |
| 2001 | 3,043,466 | +2.69% |
| 2011 | 3,935,042 | +2.60% |
| source:[8] | ||
| Religions in West Champaran district (2011)[9] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Religion | Percent | |||
| Hinduism | 77.44% | |||
| Islam | 21.98% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.58% | |||
According to the 2011 census West Champaran district has a population of 3,935,042,[10] roughly equal to the nation of Liberia[11] or the US state of Oregon.[12] This gives it a ranking of 63rd in India (out of a total of 640).[10] The district has a population density of 750 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,900/sq mi).[10] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.89%.[10] Pashchim Champaran has a sex ratio of 906 females for every 1000 males,[10] and a literacy rate of 58.06%. 9.99% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Tribes made up 14.08% and 6.35% of the population respectively.[10]
Languages
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 91.86% of the population in the district spoke Bhojpuri, 3.32% Hindi and 2.97% Urdu as their first language.[13]
Languages include Bhojpuri, a tongue in the Bihari language group with almost 51,000,000 speakers, written in both the Devanagari and Kaithi scripts.[14]
The city is the birthplace of poet Gopal Singh Nepali. Mahatma Gandhi started the Champaran Satyagraha movement from here in 1917 along with nationalists Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha and Brajkishore Prasad.
Notable people
- Manoj Bajpayee, film actor.
- Mohd Abu Lais, Great engineer and author of technical books, from Sikta Deoraj.
- Vinay Bihari, actor, lyricist.
- Mahatma Gandhi, freedom fighter who started the Champaran Satyagraha movement here.
- Sanjay Jaiswal, politician
- Prakash Jha, film director.
- Manish Jha, film director and theatre actor.
- Sanjeev K Jha, script writer, filmmaker
- Sunil Kumar Kushwaha , Member of Parliament
- Baidyanath Prasad Mahto, politician, Member of Parliament.
- Krishna Kumar Mishra, politician.
- Vikas Mishra (economist)
- Gopal Singh Nepali, Hindi poet.
- Gauri Shankar Pandey, politician.
- Kedar Pandey, former Chief Minister of Bihar
- Raghaw Sharan Pandey, IAS (Retd), former Union Petroleum Secretary, politician
- Damodar Raao, film music director, actor & singer
- Valmiki Rishi, an ascetic who wrote Hindu epic Ramayana here.
- http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in Archived 2015-03-16 at the Wayback Machine
- "Bihar Economic Survey 2022-23". state.bihar.gov.in. Retrieved 2023-05-07.
- Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
{{cite book}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. Archived from the original on 2015-12-01. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
Amund Ringnes Island 5,255km2
- Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Bihar". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
- Jhala, Y. V.; Gopal, R.; Qureshi, Q., eds. (2008), Status of the Tigers, Co-predators, and Prey in India (PDF), TR 08/001, National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi; Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2013
- Jhala, Y. V., Qureshi, Q., Sinha, P. R. (Eds.) (2011). Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India, 2010. National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. TR 2011/003 pp-302
- "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.
- "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
Oregon 3,831,074
- "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhojpuri: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Archived from the original on 2011-10-06. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
