Background and early life

Chomsky was born in 1895 or 1896 in Kupil in the Volhynian Governorate of the Russian Empire (modern Ukraine). His first name was originally Ze'ev. After immigrating to the United States in 1913, to avoid serving in the Czarist army, he worked in sweatshops in Baltimore before gaining employment teaching at the city's Hebrew elementary schools, using his money to fund his studies at Johns Hopkins University. After moving to Philadelphia, Chomsky became the superintendent (principal) of the Mikveh Israel religious school from 1923.^[1]: 12

At Gratz and Dropsie colleges

From 1924, Chomsky taught at Gratz College, the oldest teacher-training college in the United States.^[2] He became the faculty president of Gratz in 1932. He became faculty chairman in 1949, retiring from this position in 1969.^[3] He was also a professor of Hebrew at Dropsie College from 1955–77.^[2]

Chomsky was a specialist of the history of the Hebrew grammatical tradition, before and after David Kimhi (1160–1235). His Associated Press obituary (published in The New York Times) describes him as "one of the world's foremost Hebrew grammarians".^[2] Independently, he was involved in researching Medieval Hebrew, eventually authoring a series of books on the language: How to Teach Hebrew in the Elementary Grades (1946), Hebrew, the Story of a Living Language (1947), Hebrew, the Eternal Language (1957), Teaching and Learning (1959), and an edited version of David Kimhi's Hebrew Grammar (1952).^{[4]: 9–10}

Described by Carlos Otero in Chomsky and the Libertarian Tradition as a "very warm, gentle, and engaging" individual, William Chomsky placed a great emphasis on educating people so that they would be "well integrated, free and independent in their thinking, and eager to participate in making life more meaningful and worthwhile for all."^[4]: 11

Personal life

On August 19, 1927, Chomsky married Elsie Simonofsky (1903–1972), a native of Babruysk, who was raised in the United States from 1906. She also taught at Gratz College.^[1]: 3 The couple had two sons: Noam (born 1928), the linguist and activist, and David Eli (1934–2021), a physician.^{[4]: 11 [1]: 3} The year after his first wife's death, William Chomsky married Ruth Schendel, by then widowed, who was the mother of one of his elder son's childhood friends.^[1]: 35

Death

Chomsky died at his home in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on July 19, 1977, at the age of 81.^[2][3]