William_Dickson_(Falklands)
William Dickson, born Dublin, Ireland[1] (died 26 August 1833) was an Irish-born settler in Port Louis in the Falkland Islands during a pivotal time in its history. He was hired by Luis Vernet as Port Louis storekeeper.[2] Following the removal of the Argentine administration, Dickson was given into custody the British flag.[3][4] Dickson wrote a diary where he documented the life in Port Louis shortly after the British landing. He became one of the victims of the Gaucho Murders, on 26 August 1833.
William Dickson | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1805 Dublin |
| Died | 26 August 1833 |
| Cause of death | Murdered |
| Resting place | Port Louis |
| Nationality | Irish |
| Occupation(s) | Storekeeper, Gaucho |
| Known for | early Falklands History, entrusted to fly British flag, his diary, role in the Gaucho murders |
Dickson was appointed storekeeper by Vernet at Port Louis. Dickson's customers were mostly gauchos working around the settlement. They bought him commodities in notes issued by Vernet's itself, which were legally valueless.[2]
On 2 January 1833, Captain Onslow, of the brig-sloop HMS Clio, arrived at Louis Vernet's settlement at Port Louis to request that the flag of the United Provinces of the River Plate be replaced with the British one, and for the administration to leave the islands. While Major José María Pinedo, commander of the schooner Sarandí, wanted to resist,[5] his numerical disadvantage was obvious (See here for a comparison of the forces), particularly as a large number of his crew were British mercenaries who were unwilling to fight their own countrymen.[5] Such a situation was not unusual in the newly independent states in Latin America, where land forces were strong, but navies were frequently quite undermanned. As such he protested verbally, but departed without a fight on 5 January.[5]
Initial British plans for the Islands were based upon the continuation of Vernet's settlement at Port Louis. William Dickson was requested to fly the British flag on Sundays and whenever ships were in harbour.[3] Dickson attempted to send a letter to Vernet, then in Buenos Aires, reporting to him the news about the British landing and the situation in Port Louis, but Clio departed before Dickson could entrust the missive to Onslow.[6]
Dickson wrote a diary from 3 March to 26 August 1833, where he describes the day-after-day life in the settlement. Dickson depicts its inhabitants as unruly and troublesome, amid a hostile environment.[7][8] Dickson log is the only documented narrative of the events that preceded the Gaucho Murders.[8]
On 26 August 1833, armed with weapons provided by American sealers, a gang of gauchos and Indians led by Antonio Rivero ran amok in Port Louis. The gang killed five settlers including William Dickson.[3] The survivors (13 men, 3 women and 2 children) took refuge on Turf Island in Berkley Sound until they were rescued by the British sealer Hopeful in October 1833.
- Bernhardson, Wayne Bruce (1989). Land and Life in the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas). University of California, Berkeley. p. 191.
- Mary Cawkell (2001). The History of the Falkland Islands. Anthony Nelson. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-904614-55-8.
- Howgego, Raymond John (2004). Encyclopedia of Exploration, 1800 to 1850: A Comprehensive Reference Guide to the History and Literature of Exploration, Travel and Colonization Between the Years 1800 and 1850. Hordern House. p. 215. ISBN 978-1-875567-39-3.
- Destéfani, 1982, pp. 90
- Tesler, Mario (1971). El gaucho Antonio Rivero: la mentira en la historiografía académica (in Spanish). A. Peña Lillo. p. 320.
- Caillet-Bois, Ricardo Rodolfo; Burzio, Humberto F. (1967). El Episodio ocurrido en Puerto de la Soledad de Malvinas el 26 de agosto de 1833: testimonios documentales (in Spanish). Academia Nacional de la Historia. p. 13.
- Tesler, Mario (1971). El gaucho Antonio Rivero: la mentira en la historiografía académica (in Spanish). A. Peña Lillo. p. 250.
En adelante, para el conocimiento del cotidiano acontecer (hasta el 26 de agosto) sólo contamos con un diario 'atribuído al poblador Guillermo Dickson, despensero en el establecimiento de Luis Vernet'.
- Laurio Hedelvio Destéfani (1982). The Malvinas, the South Georgias, and the South Sandwich Islands, the conflict with Britain. Edipress. ISBN 978-950-01-6904-2.
