In 2006, Moskalenko was elected to Vyshgorod's raion council. In 2007, he was elected Chairman of the Council. As Chairman, Moskalenko defended the restoration Kyiv-Mezhygirska Holy Transfiguration Monastery Cossack or Mezhyhirya, opposed privatization of Mezhyhirya and advocated instead to make it a historical and cultural reserve. In 2008, the Council requested for President Viktor Yushchenko to fulfill these requests, but the requests were not fulfilled.[1]
In April 2010, he became the head of the Vyshgorod Raion Administration. In August 2010, he became First Deputy Head of Kyiv Oblast Administration.
In the 2012 Parliamentary elections, Moskalenko was elected to the Verkhovna Rada as an MP for the Party of Regions in electoral district 96 with 38.97% of the vote.[2]
In the parliamentary elections in 2014 was re-elected to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine as an independent MP[3] with 26.28% of the vote. However, he was a member of European Sovereign Ukraine, now People's Will, which is a non-party political group in the Rada.[4]
Moskalenko was again an independent candidate in election district 96 (located in Kyiv Oblast) during the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election, but he finished second place with 18,03% of the votes (and thus lost his parliamentary seat) to Olha Vasylevska-Smahlyuk of Servant of the People who gained 41,85% of the votes.[5]