Alxa League or Alashan League (Chinese: 阿拉善盟; pinyin: Ālāshàn Méng; Mongolian: alasha ayimag, Mongolian Cyrillic. Алшаа аймаг) is one of 12 prefecture level divisions and 3 extant leagues of Inner Mongolia. The league borders Mongolia to the north, Bayan Nur to the northeast, Wuhai and Ordos to the east, Ningxia to the southeast, and Gansu to the south and west. The capital is Bayanhot Town (Chinese: 巴彦浩特镇), formerly known as Dingyuanying (定远营镇) or Wang Ye Fu,^[2] in the aimag's Left Banner. The Mongolian variety spoken in this area is the Alasha dialect.

In the 2020 census, there were 262,361 inhabitants. Alxa is the least populated region of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

A number of residents have been relocated from the growing Tengger Desert.^[3]

Since 2010, Alxa League has frequently appeared as one of the most prosperous prefecture-level divisions in all of China when measured by GDP per capita; in 2013, the GDP per head was approximately US$30,000. If using this measure alone, Alxa was ranked first in China, even higher than its neighbor Ordos. Wealth in the region is not evenly distributed, and the numbers are skewed by its low permanent population. Much of the productive economic activity takes place under the auspices of several large companies operating in the region, extracting natural resources. These include China Kingho Corporation, a "clean coal" technology operator, and the Inner Mongolia-based Taiximei Group. Due to its remote location, much of the economic activity takes place with the support of migrant laborers from other parts of China. The high per capita GDP is not reflected in the salaries of the average low-skilled worker, which is on par with other mid-sized Chinese cities.

Alxa is divided into three banners:

• Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center