Baileo is a custom house,^[1] in Maluku and North Maluku, Indonesia.^[2] The term is derived from the word bale or balai, which is a word for a village meeting place.^[3] The house is a representation of the Baileo Maluku culture and has an important function in the life of the community^[2] that is why the structure forms part of the identity of any community in the Moluccas. There are instances where the baileo serves as a mosque or church^[4] or adjacent to one.^[5] This is the case when the house serves as a repository for sacred objects^[1] and a place of traditional ceremonies^[1] in addition to its function as a place for community meetings.^[4]

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The baileo, which is present in every Moluccan village, is usually a village landmark with its open architecture.^[5] It also has a large size and unique appearance when compared to other buildings in its vicinity.^[6][7] It is traditionally built from local materials such as planked timber, cement, stone or brick with wood shingle, and thatch or zinc roof.^[3]

Recent interest in baileo emerged within the recent revival process in parts of Indonesia that seeks to reestablish traditional institutions and symbols.^[8]