Enakalle

Enakalle

Enakalle

King of Umma

Enakalle or Enakalli (Sumerian: 𒂗𒀉𒆗𒇷) was the king of Umma circa 2500–2400 BC, a Sumerian city-state, during the Early Dynastic III period (2600–2350 BC). His reign lasted at least 8 years.[1]

Quick Facts Enakalle 𒂗𒀉𒆗𒇷, Reign ...

Enakalle in the cone of Entemena

His predecessor Ush, ruler of Umma, attacked nearby Lagash after ripping out the stele of Mesilim, trying to take Gu-Edin, as recording in the Cone of Entemena.[2][3] Ush was severely defeated by Eannatum of Lagash, in a battle recorded in the Stele of the Vultures, losing 3,600 men in battle. Ush was then toppled and put to death by his own people.[4]

Enakalle, his successor, finally made a peace treaty with Eannatum of Lagash, as described in the Cone of Entemena:[2][3][4]

32–38

π’‚π’€­π’ˆΎπ’Ί π’‰Ίπ’‹Όπ’‹› 𒉒𒁓𒆷𒆠 𒉺𒄑𒉋𒂡 π’‚—π’‹Όπ’ˆ¨π’ˆΎ π’‰Ίπ’‹Όπ’‹› 𒉒𒁓𒆷𒆠𒅗𒆀
e2-an-na-tum2 ensi2 lagaΕ‘ki pa-bil3-ga en-mete-na ensi2 lagaΕ‘ki-ka-ke4
"Eannatum, ruler of Lagash, uncle of Entemena, ruler of LagaΕ‘"
39–42
𒂗𒀉𒆗𒇷 π’‰Ίπ’‹Όπ’‹› 𒄑𒆡𒆠𒁕 π’†  π’‚Šπ’•π’‹©
en-a2-kal-le ensi2 ummaki-da ki e-da-sur
"fixed the border with Enakalle, ruler of Umma"
Extract from the Cone of Enmetena, Room 236 Reference AO 3004, Louvre Museum.[5][6]

Il was king of Umma, circa 2400 BCE.

Enakalle in inscriptions

Ur-Lumma was the son of Enakalle, and his successor. He challenged Enannatum I, but was defeated by his successor Enmetena.[7][8]

  • Inscription with the name of Enakalle, and standard Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform.
  • Dedication tablet by Ur-Lumma: "For Enki-gal, Ur-Lumma, king of Umma, son of Enakalle, king of Umma, built (his) temple".[9]
  • Votive plate of Queen Bara-irnum of Umma, "wife of Gishakidu, king of Umma, daughter of Ur-Lumma, king of Umma, grand-daughter of Enakalle, king of Umma, daughter-in-law of Il, king of Umma", to God Shara, in gratitude for sparing her life.[10][11]
  • "Enakalle" on the plate of queen Bara-irnun

References

  1. [1]
    Sallaberger, Walther; Schrakamp, Ingo (2015). Arcane III (PDF). BREPOLS. p. 75.
  2. [2]
    King 1994, pp. 126–128.
  3. [3]
    King & Hall 2006, pp. 171–173.
  4. [4]
    Sallaberger, Walther; Schrakamp, Ingo (2015). History & Philology (PDF). Walther Sallaberger & Ingo Schrakamp (eds), Brepols. pp. 74–76. ISBN 978-2-503-53494-7.
  5. [5]
    "Cone of Enmetena, king of Lagash". 2020.
  6. [6]
    "CDLI-Found Texts". cdli.ucla.edu. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
  7. [7]
    Van De Mieroop, Marc (2004). A History of the Ancient Near East: Ca. 3000-323 BC. Wiley. pp. 50–51. ISBN 9780631225522.
  8. [8]
    Sallaberger, Walther; Schrakamp, Ingo (2015). History & Philology (PDF). Walther Sallaberger & Ingo Schrakamp (eds), Brepols. pp. 74–80. ISBN 978-2-503-53494-7.
  9. [9]
    "Louvre Museum Official Website". cartelen.louvre.fr.
  10. [10]
    Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2003. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-58839-043-1.
  11. [11]
    Thomas, Ariane; Potts, Timothy (2020). Mesopotamia: Civilization Begins. Getty Publications. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-60606-649-2.

Sources

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