Judith_River_Formation

Judith River Formation

Judith River Formation

Fossil-bearing geologic formation in Montana, part of the Judith River Group

The Judith River Formation is a fossil-bearing geologic formation in Montana, and is part of the Judith River Group. It dates to the Late Cretaceous, between 79 and 75.3 million years ago,[4] corresponding to the "Judithian" land vertebrate age. It was laid down during the same time period as portions of the Two Medicine Formation of Montana[5] and the Oldman Formation of Alberta.[6] It is an historically important formation, explored by early American paleontologists such as Edward Drinker Cope, who named several dinosaurs from scrappy remains found here on his 1876 expedition (such as Monoclonius). Modern work has found nearly complete skeletons of the hadrosaurid Brachylophosaurus.

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Lithology

The Judith River Formation is composed of mudstone, siltstone and sandstone.[1] Coal beds, bentonite and coquinas are also observed.

Judith River Formation, Upper Missouri Breaks National Monument

Relationship with other units

The Judith River Formation conformably overlies the Claggett Formation and Pakowki Formation. It is overlain by the Bearpaw Formation.[1] It is equivalent to the Belly River Formation in the southern Canadian Rockies foothills, the Lea Park Formation in central Alberta and the Wapiti Formation in the northwestern plains.

Sub-divisions

Missouri River carved through the Judith River Formation, Upper Missouri Breaks National Monument

The Judith River Formation is divided into four members, the Parkman Sandstone Member, the McClelland Ferry Member, the Coal Ridge member, and the Woodhawk Member.[7] The McClelland Ferry Member (78.7-76.3 Ma) is believed to be equivalent to the Oldman Formation, with the Coal Ridge Member (76.3-75.3 Ma) equivalent to the Dinosaur Park Formation.[4]

Fauna

Faunal list follows a review published by Ashok Sahni in 1972 unless otherwise noted.[8]

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
 Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Amphibians

There are three potential species of discoglossid frogs. Hip bones, possibly representing a North American member of the European spadefoot toad family are also known from the formation.

More information Amphibians of the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

Fish

Bony fish

More information Bony fishes of the Judith River Formation, Genus ...


Cartilaginous fish

More information Cartilaginous fishes of the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

Choristoderes

More information Choristoderes of the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

Crocodilians

More information Crocodilians of the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

Lizards

More information Lizards of the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

Ornithischian dinosaurs

More information Ornithischians reported from the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

Theropod dinosaurs

More information Theropods reported from the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

Turtles

More information Turtles of the Judith River Formation, Genus ...

See also

References

  1. [1]
    Lexicon of Canadian Geological Units. "Judith River Formation". Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  2. [2]
    Hayden, F.V., 1871. Geology of the Missouri Valley: Preliminary report (4th annual) of the Geol. Surv. of Wyoming and portions of contiguous territories.
  3. [3]
    Meek, Fielding Bradford, 1876. A report on the invertebrate Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils of the upper Missouri country, Hayden, F.V., Geologist in Charge; United States Geologic and Geographic Survey of the Territories, vol. 9, page 629
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  8. [8]
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  9. [9]
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