List_of_cities_by_sunshine_duration

List of cities by sunshine duration

List of cities by sunshine duration

Add article description


The following is a list of cities by sunshine duration. Sunshine duration is a climatological indicator, measuring duration of sunshine in given period (usually, a day or a year) for a given location on Earth, typically expressed as an averaged value over several years. It is a general indicator of cloudiness of a location, and thus differs from insolation, which measures the total energy delivered by sunlight over a given period.

Sunshine duration is usually expressed in hours per year, or in (average) hours per day. The first measure indicates the general sunniness of a location compared with other places, while the latter allows for comparison of sunshine in various seasons in the same location.[1] Another often-used measure is percentage ratio of recorded bright sunshine duration and daylight duration in the observed period.

Africa

More information Country, City ...

Asia

More information Country, City ...

Europe

More information Country, City ...

North America

More information Country, City ...

South America

More information Country, City ...

Oceania

More information Country, City ...

See also


References

  1. "8. Measurement of Sunshine Duration" (PDF), Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, WMO, 2008, archived from the original (PDF) on 3 February 2013
  2. "Étude méthodologique pour l'utilisation des données climatologiques de l'Afrique tropicale" (PDF). Horizon Documentation. Comité Interafricain d'Etudes Hydrauliques. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  3. "Odienné–Aero Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  4. "Cotonou, Benin Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  5. "KANDI Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  6. "Sunshine & Daylight Hours in Lome, Togo". Climatemps. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  7. "Sunshine & Daylight Hours in Accra, Ghana". Clima Temps. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  8. "Sunshine & Daylight Hours in Tamale, Ghana". Clima Temps. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  9. "Sunshine & Daylight Hours in Kumasi, Ghana". Clima Temps. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  10. "Garoua Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  11. "Ngaoundéré Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  12. "Libreville Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  13. "Port-Gentil Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  14. "Climatological Information for Lagos, Nigeria". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  15. "Khartoum Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  16. "Sunshine guide to Asmara and the Eritrea, Highlands, Eritrea" (PDF). short.climates.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  17. "Klimatafel von Ouagadougou / Burkina Faso (Obervolta)" (PDF). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  18. "Klimatafel von Ouahigouya / Burkina Faso (Obervolta)" (PDF). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  19. "Climatological Normals of Niamey". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  20. "ND'Jamena Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  21. "Abeche Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  22. "Average Conditions Banjul, Gambia". BBC Weather. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  23. Helmut Erich Landsberg (1969). World Survey of Climatology: Climates of Africa. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company. ISBN 9780444408938.
  24. "Djibouti Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  25. "BKO–s (Bamako) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  26. "Algeriet – Alger/Dar-El-Beida" (PDF). Danish Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  27. J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson (1984). Sahara Desert. Published in collaboration with the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources by Pergamon Press. ISBN 978-0-08-028869-7.
  28. "Climatological Information for Tunis, Tunisia". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  29. "Gabès Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  30. "Climatological Information for Rabat, Morocco". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  31. "Ouarzazate Climate Normals 1961–1990"". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  32. M.M.A. Shahin (1985). Hydrology of the Nile Basin. Elsevier. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-08-088756-2.
  33. "Marsa Alam, Egypt: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data". Weather2Travel. Archived from the original on 31 December 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  34. "Libyen – Tripoli" (PDF). Danish Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  35. "Wetter im Detail: Klimadaten". WetterKontor, via Spiegel Online. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  36. "Climatological Information for Mombase, Kenya". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 26 October 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  37. "WMO Climate Normals for DAGORETTI 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  38. "Garissa Climate Normals 1961–1990". WMO. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  39. Kendrew, Wilfrid George; Kendrew, W. G. (1961). The climates of the continents.
  40. "Klimatafel von Dodoma / Tansania" (PDF). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  41. "Surface Waters Potential of the Hantebet Basin, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia" (PDF). Ecommons. Nata Tadesse. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  42. "Climate Statistics for Pretoria, South Africa". The Weather Network. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  43. "Cape Town Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  44. "Johannesburg Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  45. "Bloemfontein Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  46. "Upington Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  47. "Durban Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  48. "Sunshine guide to the Gaborone area, Botswana" (PDF). short.climates.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  49. "Ndola MET Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  50. "Livingstone MET Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  51. "Harare Kutsaga Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  52. "Bulawayo Airport Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  53. "Karonga Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  54. "Chileka Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  55. "Climatological Information for Mzuzu, Malawi". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  56. "Fianarantsoa Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  57. "Antananarivo Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  58. "Majunga/Mahajanga Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  59. "Average Conditions Maputo, Mozambique". BBC Weather. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  60. "BBC Weather - Bangui". BBC Weather. BBC Weather. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  61. "Klimatafel von Bujumbura (Usambara) / Burundi" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  62. "Conakry Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  63. "Kankan Climate Normals 1961–1990". NOAA. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  64. "Bissau Climate Guide". Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  65. "Klimatafel von Bata / Insel Mbini / Äquatorial-Guinea" (PDF). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  66. "Malabo, Equatorial Guinea". Climate & Temperature. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
  67. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1961-1990: Kabul" (TXT). ncei.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 8 May 2024. WMO Station Number: 40948
  68. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1964-1983: Faiz abad" (TXT). ncei.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 8 May 2024. WMO Station Number: 40904
  69. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1964-1983: Kandahar" (TXT). ncei.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 8 May 2024. WMO Station Number: 40990
  70. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1968-1983: Kunduz" (TXT). ncei.noaa.gov. National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 8 May 2024. WMO Station Number: 40913
  71. Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. "Libanon – Beyrouth" (PDF). Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931–1960) (in Danish). Danish Meteorological Institute. p. 167. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
  72. "Station 41923 Dhaka". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  73. "Monthly Meteorological Normals for Hong Kong". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 29 March 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  74. "Macao Climate: 30-year Statistics of some meteorological elements". Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  75. "Average Sunshine a Year in India, 1961–1990". Current Results. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  76. "Weatherbase entry for Kolkata". Canty and Associates LLC. Retrieved 26 April 2006.
  77. "Mumbai Climate and Weather Averages, India". Weather2Travel. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
  78. "Average Sunshine a Year in India, 1961–1990". Current Results. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  79. "Weather Averages for Jakarta, Java, Indonesia Climate.htm". climatemps.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
  80. "Form 42: MONTHLY TOTAL OF SUNSHINE HOURS Station: Bandar Abbas(40875)". Chaharmahalmet. IRIMO. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  81. *"Monthly total sunshine hours in Esfahan by Month 1951–2010". Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on April 14, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  82. "Monthly total sunshine hours in Mashhad by Month 1951–2010". Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  83. Climatological Norms of Iran synoptic stations. Retrieved on: September 12, 2011.
  84. "Monthly total sunshine hours in Tabriz by Month 1951–2010". Iran Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  85. "気象庁|過去の気象データ検索". www.data.jma.go.jp. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
  86. "Climate and Agricultural Information – Amman". Horizon Documentation. Jordan Meteorological Department. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  87. "Akmola (Astana) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Retrieved 7 February 2016.
  88. "Ulaanbaatar Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  89. "PYONGYANG SUN 1961–1990". DWD. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  90. "Climatological Information for Quetta, Pakistan". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  91. "Climatological Information for Dikson, Russia". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2011.
  92. "Omsk Climate Normals 1961–1990". Clima Temps. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
  93. Climatological Norms of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Archived 10 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on: 7 February 2016.
  94. "Climatological Normals of Jakutsk". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  95. "Klimatafel von Abha, Saudi-Arabien" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst.
  96. "Surface annual climatological report". PME. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  97. "평년값자료(1981–2010) 부산(159)" (in Korean). Korea Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  98. "기상청". www.kma.go.kr. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
  99. "Sunshine Duration Taiwan". Central Weather Administration. 19 July 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  100. "Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Genel İstatistik Verileri" (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  101. "Climatological Normals of Tashkent". Hong Kong Observatory. August 2010. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
  102. "Vietnam Building Code Natural Physical & Climatic Data for Construction" (PDF) (in Vietnamese). Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  103. "Klimadaten von Österreich Klimamittelwerte 1991-2020 – Wien-Innere-Stadt" (in German). Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  104. "Astara Climate normals for 1971-1990 (WMO Station number: 37989)". ncei.noaa.gov (TXT). National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration.
  105. "Monthly normals for Uccle, Brussels". KMI/IRM. Archived from the original on 4 June 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  106. "Месечни обобщения за времето в страната - данни от ECA&D, станция [София], период [1981–2010]" [Monthly weather data from ECA&D, station Sofia, period 1981–2010]. Stringmeteo.com. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  107. "World Weather Information Service". UN. July 2011. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  108. "Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service" (PDF). DHMZ. July 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  109. "Praha Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
  110. "Climatological Data 1991–2005" (PDF). Meteorological Service (Cyprus). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 March 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
  111. Normales et records pour la période 1991-2020 à Thorshavn. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  112. "Normal period 1981–2010". Finnish Meteorological Institute. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  113. "Fiche climatologique LYON−BRON (69) 1981-2010" (PDF) (in French). Meteo France. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
  114. "Nice (06)" (PDF). Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1991–2020 et records (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  115. "Ausgabe der Klimadaten: Monatswerte". Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  116. "Iceland Met office: Monthly Averages for Reykjavik". Iceland Met Office. 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  117. "Milano/Linate (MI)" (PDF). Servizio Meteorologico. Retrieved 11 December 2014.
  118. "Capodichino" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 May 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
  119. "Malta's Climate". maltaweather.com (Meteo Malta & MaltaMedia). Archived from the original on 6 August 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  120. "Monaco (99)" (PDF). Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1981–2010 et records (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
  121. "Minifacts about Norway 2013: Geography, climate and environment". Statistics Norway. March 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  122. "Climatic standards 1991-2020". Institute of Meteorology and Water Management.
  123. "Climatological Information for Lisbon, Portugal". HKO. Archived from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  124. "Climatological Information for Bucharest, Romania". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
  125. "Average monthly Sunshine hours" (in Russian). Meteoweb.ru. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
  126. "Climatological Information for Soczi, Russia". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  127. "Monthly and annual means, maximum and minimum values of meteorological elements for the period 1981–2010-Belgrade" (in Serbian). Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  128. Meteorología, Agencia Estatal de. "A Coruña: A Coruña - Agencia Estatal de Meteorología - AEMET. Gobierno de España". www.aemet.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  129. Meteorología, Agencia Estatal de. "Cádiz: Cádiz - Agencia Estatal de Meteorología - AEMET. Gobierno de España". www.aemet.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 May 2022.
  130. "Valores climatológicos normales". aemet.es/en/portada. Retrieved 4 April 2019.
  131. "Sunshine Hours of Stockholm" (PDF). Sveriges Meteorologiska och Hydrologiska Institut. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2019. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  132. "Climate Normals Zurich/Kolten 1981–2010" (PDF). Climate diagrams and normals from Swiss measuring stations. Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology (MeteoSwiss). Retrieved 6 January 2015.
  133. "Valeurs mensuelles Durée d'ensoleillement absolu / heures / Normales 1991-2020". Climate diagrams and normals from Swiss measuring stations. Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology (MeteoSwiss). Retrieved 11 January 2022.
  134. "Resmi İstatistikler (İl ve İlçelerimize Ait İstatistiki Veriler)" [Official Statistics (Statistical Data of Provinces and Districts) - Istanbul] (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
  135. "Average Conditions - Kyiv". BBC. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  136. "London Heathrow Airport". Met Office. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  137. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011.
  138. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
  139. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
  140. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  141. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
  142. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
  143. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
  144. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  145. "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 Station Data". Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  146. "Klimatafel von La Ceiba, Bez. Atlántida / Honduras" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  147. "Station 76405 La Paz, BCS". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  148. "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000" (PDF) (in Spanish). Comision Nacional Del Agua. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
  149. "Station 76393: Monterrey". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
  150. "Station 76743 Villahermosa, TAB". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
  151. "Wetter im Detail: Klimadaten" (in German). Retrieved 19 July 2012.
  152. "Datos Históricos : Estación Albrook Field" (in Spanish). Empresa de Transmisión Eléctrica S.A. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
  153. Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. "El Salvador - San Salvador (pg 85)" (PDF). Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931–1960) (in Danish). Danish Meteorological Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  154. "Yuma/International Airport, Arizona". FTP NOAA Weather Data file. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  155. "Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia - INMET". Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  156. "Klimatafel von Iquitos, Prov. Loreto / Peru" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  157. "Climate statistics for Australian locations". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  158. "Climate statistics for Australian locations". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  159. "Climate statistics for Australian locations". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  160. "Climate statistics for Australian locations". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  161. "Climate statistics for Australian locations". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  162. "Climate statistics for Australian locations". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  163. "Climate statistics for Australian locations". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  164. "Climate of Fiji" (PDF). met.gov.fj. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  165. "Mean monthly sunshine (hours)". NIWA. 28 February 2007. Retrieved 6 May 2022.

Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article List_of_cities_by_sunshine_duration, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.