List_of_leporids

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
EX	Extinct (0 species)
EW	Extinct in the wild (0 species)
CR	Critically Endangered (1 species)
EN	Endangered (9 species)
VU	Vulnerable (8 species)
NT	Near threatened (2 species)
LC	Least concern (39 species)
Other categories
DD	Data deficient (5 species)
NE	Not evaluated (0 species)

List of leporids

Species in mammal family Leporidae

Leporidae is a family of small mammals in the order Lagomorpha. A member of this family is called a leporid, or colloquially a hare or rabbit. They are widespread worldwide, and can be found in most terrestrial biomes, though primarily in forests, savannas, shrublands, and grasslands. Leporids are all roughly the same shape and fall within a small range of sizes with short tails, ranging from the 21 cm (8 in) long Tres Marias cottontail to the 76 cm (30 in) long desert hare. Most species do not have population estimates and some are not yet evaluated for conservation status, though nine species are considered endangered and one, the riverine rabbit, is critically endangered with a population size of as low as 100. The domestic rabbit subspecies of the European rabbit has been domesticated.

European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

The 64 extant species of Leporidae are contained within 11 genera. One genus, Lepus, contains 32 species that are collectively referred to as hares; the other eight genera are generally referred to as rabbits, with the majority – 19 species – in Sylvilagus, or the cottontail rabbits. Over one hundred extinct Leporidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.^[1]

Leporids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.^[2]

More information Common name, Scientific name and subspecies ...

Genus **Lepus** – Linnaeus, 1758 – thirty-two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Abyssinian hare	L. habessinicus Hemprich, Ehrenberg, 1832 Four subspecies L. h. angolensis L. h. microtis L. h. senegalensis L. h. whytei	Horn of Africa	Size: 44–45 cm (17–18 in) long^[9] Habitat: Savanna, grassland, and desert^[10] Diet: Grass, shrubs, and forbs^[9]	LC Unknown ^[10]
African savanna hare	L. victoriae Heuglin, 1865	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size: 41–58 cm (16–23 in) long^[11] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland^[12] Diet: Variety of plants^[12]	LC Unknown ^[12]
Alaskan hare	L. othus Merriam, 1900 Two subspecies L. o. othus L. o. tschuktschorum	Western Alaska	Size: 50–60 cm (20–24 in) long, plus 6–11 cm (2–4 in) tail^[13] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland^[14] Diet: Dwarf willow, grass, sedges, and other plants^[14]	LC Unknown ^[14]
Antelope jackrabbit	L. alleni Mearns, 1890 Three subspecies L. a. alleni L. a. palitans L. a. tiburonensis	Southwestern North America	Size: 43–70 cm (17–28 in) long, plus 5–14 cm (2–6 in) tail^[15] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert^[16] Diet: Grass, velvet mesquite, and cacti^[16]	LC Unknown ^[16]
Arctic hare	L. arcticus Ross, 1819 Four subspecies L. a. arcticus L. a. bangsii L. a. groenlandicus L. a. monstrabilis	Arctic North America	Size: 56–66 cm (22–26 in) long, plus 4–10 cm (2–4 in) tail^[17] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland^[18] Diet: Woody plants^[18]	LC Unknown ^[18]
Black jackrabbit	L. insularis Bryant, 1891	Tip of Baja California	Size: 54–61 cm (21–24 in) long, plus 6–12 cm (2–5 in) tail^[19] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, caves, desert, and coastal marine^[20] Diet: Grass, as well as tree bark^[21]	VU 900 ^[20]
Black-tailed jackrabbit	L. californicus Gray, 1837 Six subspecies L. c. californicus L. c. deserticola L. c. insularis L. c. magdalenae L. c. melanotis L. c. texianus	Western and central North America	Size: 47–63 cm (19–25 in) long, plus 5–12 cm (2–5 in) tail^[22] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert^[23] Diet: Grass and herbs, as well as twigs and bark^[22]	LC Unknown ^[23]
Broom hare	L. castroviejoi Arribas, 1977	Northern Spain	Size: 41–59 cm (16–23 in) long^[24] Habitat: Forest and shrubland^[25] Diet: Grass, herbs, field crops, twigs, buds, and bark^[25]	VU Unknown ^[25]
Burmese hare	L. peguensis Blyth, 1855 Two subspecies L. p. peguensis L. p. vassali	Southeastern Asia	Size: 40–59 cm (16–23 in) long, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail^[26] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland^[27] Diet: Grass, bark and twigs^[27]	LC Unknown ^[27]
Cape hare	L. capensis Linnaeus, 1758 Twelve subspecies L. c. aegyptius L. c. aquilo L. c. arabicus L. c. atlanticus L. c. capensis L. c. carpi L. c. granti L. c. hawkeri L. c. isabellinus L. c. schlumbergeri L. c. sinaiticus L. c. whitakeri	Africa and western Asia	Size: 52–60 cm (20–24 in) long^[28] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert^[29] Diet: Grass, shrubs, and herbs^[29]	LC Unknown ^[29]
Chinese hare	L. sinensis Gray, 1832 Three subspecies L. s. formosus L. s. sinensis L. s. yuenshanensis	Southeastern China and Taiwan	Size: 36–42 cm (14–17 in) long, plus 17 cm (7 in) tail^[30] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland^[31] Diet: Leafy plants, green shoots, and twigs^[31]	LC Unknown ^[31]
Corsican hare	L. corsicanus Winton, 1898	Southern Italy	Size: 55–61 cm (22–24 in) long^[32] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and coastal marine^[33] Diet: Grass, as well as mint, sedges, rushes, peas, and flowers^[32]	VU Unknown ^[33]
Desert hare	L. tibetanus Waterhouse, 1841 Five subspecies L. t. centrasiaticus L. t. craspedotis L. t. pamirensis L. t. stoliczkanus L. t. tibetanus	Northwestern China	Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long^[34] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert^[35] Diet: Variety of plants as well as seeds, berries, roots, and twigs^[34]	LC Unknown ^[35]
Ethiopian hare	L. fagani Thomas, 1903	Ethiopia	Size: 42–50 cm (17–20 in) long, plus 7–11 cm (3–4 in) tail^[36] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland^[37] Diet: Unknown plants^[37]	LC Unknown ^[37]
Ethiopian highland hare	L. starcki Petter, 1963	Central Ethiopia	Size: 46–60 cm (18–24 in) long, plus 7–12 cm (3–5 in) tail^[38] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland^[39] Diet: Grass as well as shrubs^[39]	LC Unknown ^[39]
European hare	L. europaeus Pallas, 1778 Sixteen subspecies L. e. caspicus L. e. connori L. e. creticus L. e. cyprius L. e. cyrensis L. e. europaeus L. e. hybridus L. e. judeae L. e. karpathorum L. e. medius L. e. occidentalis L. e. parnassius L. e. ponticus L. e. rhodius L. e. syriacus L. e. transsylvanicus	Europe, western Asia, northeastern North America, southern South America, eastern Oceana (introduced in light red)	Size: 60–75 cm (24–30 in) long, plus 7–11 cm (3–4 in) tail^[40] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland^[41] Diet: Grass, herbs, field crops, twigs, buds, and bark^[40]	LC Unknown ^[41]
Granada hare	L. granatensis Rosenhauer, 1856 Three subspecies L. g. gallaecius L. g. granatensis L. g. solisi (Majorcan hare)	Iberian Peninsula (introduced in pink)	Size: 44–48 cm (17–19 in) long, plus 9–12 cm (4–5 in) tail^[42] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland^[43] Diet: Buds, twigs, bark, and crops^[44]	LC Unknown ^[43]
Hainan hare	L. hainanus Swinhoe, 1870	Hainan Island, China	Size: 35–40 cm (14–16 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail^[45] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland^[46] Diet: Plants^[47]	EN Unknown ^[46]
Indian hare	L. nigricollis F. Cuvier, 1823 Seven subspecies L. n. aryabertensis L. n. dayanus L. n. nigricollis L. n. ruficaudatus L. n. sadiya L. n. simcoxi L. n. singhala	Indian subcontinent	Size: 40–70 cm (16–28 in) long^[48] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and desert^[49] Diet: Grass and flowering plants^[48]	LC Unknown ^[49]
Japanese hare	L. brachyurus Temminck, 1845 Four subspecies L. b. angustidens L. b. brachyurus L. b. lyoni L. b. okiensis	Japan	Size: 45–54 cm (18–21 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail^[50] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland^[51] Diet: Grass, buds, seedlings, and shrubs^[52]	LC Unknown ^[51]
Korean hare	L. coreanus Thomas, 1892	Korea	Size: 45–54 cm (18–21 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail^[53] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland^[54] Diet: Grass, shrubs, and bark^[53]	LC Unknown ^[54]
Manchurian hare	L. mandshuricus Radde, 1861	Eastern Asia	Size: 41–54 cm (16–21 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail^[55] Habitat: Forest^[56] Diet: Bark and twigs, as well as shrubs, herbs, and fruit^[57]	LC Unknown ^[56]
Mountain hare	L. timidus Linnaeus, 1758 Fifteen subspecies L. t. ainu L. t. begitschevi L. t. gichiganus L. t. hibernicus L. t. kamtschaticus L. t. kolymensis L. t. kozhevnikovi L. t. lugubris L. t. mordeni L. t. orii L. t. scoticus L. t. sibiricorum L. t. timidus L. t. transbaicalicus L. t. varronis	Europe and northern Asia	Size: 50–55 cm (20–22 in) long, plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail^[58] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands^[59] Diet: Seeds, berries, roots, twigs, and other plants^[58]	LC Unknown ^[59]
Scrub hare	L. saxatilis F. Cuvier, 1823 Two subspecies L. s. saxatilis L. s. subrufus	Southern Africa	Size: 45–65 cm (18–26 in) long^[60] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert^[61] Diet: Grass^[61]	LC Unknown ^[61]
Snowshoe hare	L. americanus Erxleben, 1777 Six subspecies L. a. americanus L. a. bairdii L. a. cascadensis L. a. dalli L. a. struthopus L. a. virginianus	Northern North America	Size: 38–51 cm (15–20 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (1.6–2.4 in) tail^[62] Habitat: Forest and shrubland^[63] Diet: Grass, forbs, sedges, and ferns^[63]	LC Unknown ^[63]
Tehuantepec jackrabbit	L. flavigularis Wagner, 1844	Small region of southern Mexico	Size: 56–61 cm (22–24 in) long^[64] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and coastal marine^[65] Diet: Grass, as well as other plants^[64]	EN 300 ^[65]
Tolai hare	L. tolai Pallas, 1778 Eight subspecies L. t. aurigineus L. t. buchariensis L. t. cheybani L. t. cinnamomeus L. t. filchneri L. t. lehmanni L. t. swinhoei L. t. tolai	Central and eastern Asia	Size: 40–59 cm (16–23 in) long, plus 7–11 cm (3–4 in) tail^[66] Habitat: Grassland and rocky areas^[67] Diet: Roots, grass, and herbs^[67]	LC Unknown ^[67]
White-sided jackrabbit	L. callotis Wagler, 1830 Two subspecies L. c. callotis L. c. gaillardi	Southern North America	Size: 43–60 cm (17–24 in) long, plus 4–10 cm (2–4 in) tail^[68] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland^[69] Diet: Grass and sedges^[68]	VU Unknown ^[69]
White-tailed jackrabbit	L. townsendii Bachman, 1839 Two subspecies L. t. campanius L. t. townsendii	Central and northern North America	Size: 53–60 cm (21–24 in) long^[70] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland^[71] Diet: Grass and forbs, as well as shrubs^[71]	LC Unknown ^[71]
Woolly hare	L. oiostolus Hodgson, 1840 Four subspecies L. o. hypsibius L. o. oiostolus L. o. pallipes L. o. przewalskii	Central Asia	Size: 40–50 cm (16–20 in) long, plus 9 cm (4 in) tail^[72] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert^[73] Diet: Grass and leaves, as well as fruit and crops^[72]	LC Unknown ^[73]
Yarkand hare	L. yarkandensis Günther, 1875	Western China	Size: 28–43 cm (11–17 in) long, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail^[74] Habitat: Forest and shrubland^[75] Diet: Grass and crops^[75]	NT Unknown ^[75]
Yunnan hare	L. comus Allen, 1927	Southern China	Size: 28–43 cm (11–17 in) long, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail^[76] Habitat: Grassland^[77] Diet: Forbs and shrubs^[78]	LC Unknown ^[77]

More information Common name, Scientific name and subspecies ...

Genus **Sylvilagus** – Gray, 1867 – nineteen species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Andean tapeti	S. andinus (Thomas, 1897)	Northern Andes	Size: 33–36 cm (13–14 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail^[99] Habitat: Grassland^[100] Diet: Grass and sedges^[100]	DD Unknown ^[100]
Appalachian cottontail	S. obscurus Chapman, Cramer, Dippenaar, Robinson, 1992	Eastern America	Size: 32–41 cm (13–16 in) long, plus 2–7 cm (1–3 in) tail^[101] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and inland wetlands^[102] Diet: Ferns, grass, forbs, shrubs, and conifer needles^[102]	NT Unknown ^[102]
Brush rabbit	S. bachmani (Waterhouse, 1839) Six subspecies S. b. bachmani S. b. cerrosensis S. b. cinerascens S. b. exiguus S. b. howelli S. b. ubericolor	Western North America	Size: 30–37 cm (12–15 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail^[103] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and desert^[104] Diet: Grass, as well as other plants^[104]	LC Unknown ^[104]
Central American tapeti	S. gabbi (Allen, 1877)	Central America	Size: Unknown^[105] Habitat: Forest^[106] Diet: Unknown plants^[105]	LC Unknown ^[106]
Coastal tapeti	S. tapetillus Thomas, 1913	Rio de Janeiro, Brazil	Size: Unknown^[107] Habitat: Grassland^[108] Diet: Unknown plants^[107]	VU Unknown ^[108]
Common tapeti	S. brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Seventeen subspecies S. b. apollinaris (Bogota tapeti) S. b. brasiliensis S. b. capsalis S. b. caracasensis S. b. chillae S. b. chotanus S. b. defilippi S. b. fulvescens (Fulvous tapeti) S. b. gibsoni S. b. inca S. b. kelloggi S. b. meridensis S. b. minensis S. b. paraguensis S. b. peruanus S. b. surdaster (Western tapeti) S. b. truei	Northeastern Brazil	Size: Unknown^[105] Habitat: Forest^[109] Diet: Unknown plants^[105]	EN Unknown ^[109]
Davis Mountains cottontail	S. robustus Bailey, 1905	Mexico and southern United States	Size: Unknown^[110] Habitat: Forest^[110] Diet: Unknown plants^[110]	VU Unknown ^[110]
Desert cottontail	S. audubonii (Baird, 1858) Seven subspecies S. a. arizonae S. a. audubonii S. a. baileyi S. a. confinis S. a. goldmani S. a. minor S. a. warreni	Western North America	Size: 37–40 cm (15–16 in) long, plus 5–6 cm (2.0–2.4 in) tail^[111] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and desert^[112] Diet: Forbs, grass, and shrubs^[112]	LC Unknown ^[112]
Dice's cottontail	S. dicei Harris Jr., 1932	Costa Rica and Panama	Size: 34–45 cm (13–18 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail^[113] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland^[114] Diet: Unknown plants^[113]	VU Unknown ^[114]
Eastern cottontail	S. floridanus (Allen, 1890) Seventeen subspecies S. f. alacer S. f. avius S. f. aztecus S. f. chapmani S. f. connectens S. f. cumanicus S. f. floridanus S. f. hesperius S. f. holzneri (Robust cottontail) S. f. hondurensis S. f. macrocorpus S. f. mallurus S. f. margaritae S. f. nigronuchalis S. f. orinoci S. f. orizabae S. f. purgatus S. f. superciliaris S. f. yucatanicus	North America, Central America, and northern South America	Size: 39–48 cm (15–19 in) long, plus 2–7 cm (1–3 in) tail^[115] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, rocky areas, and desert^[116] Diet: Variety of plants^[116]	LC Unknown ^[116]
Marsh rabbit	S. palustris (Bachman, 1837) Three subspecies S. p. paludicola (Florida marsh rabbit) S. p. palustris (Carolina marsh rabbit) S. p. hefneri (Lower Keys marsh rabbit)	Eastern America	Size: 42–44 cm (17–17 in) long^[117] Habitat: Forest, grassland, inland wetlands, and intertidal marine^[118] Diet: Berries, rhizomes, bulbs, grass, and other plants^[117]	LC Unknown ^[118]
Mexican cottontail	S. cunicularius (Horsfield, 1848) Two subspecies S. c. cunicularius S. c. insolitus	Southern Mexico	Size: 48–52 cm (19–20 in) long, plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail^[119] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and desert^[120] Diet: Unknown plants^[119]	LC Unknown ^[120]
Mountain cottontail	S. nuttallii (Bachman, 1837) Three subspecies S. n. grangeri S. n. nuttallii S. n. pinetis	Western North America	Size: 28–36 cm (11–14 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail^[121] Habitat: Forest and shrubland^[122] Diet: Sagebrush and grass^[123]	LC Unknown ^[122]
New England cottontail	S. transitionalis (Bangs, 1895)	New England	Size: 39–44 cm (15–17 in) long^[124] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and inland wetlands^[125] Diet: Grass, forbs, and twigs^[124]	VU 17,000 ^[125]
Omilteme cottontail	S. insonus Nelson, 1904	Sierra Madre del Sur in Mexico	Size: 39–44 cm (15–17 in) long, plus 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in) tail^[126] Habitat: Forest^[126] Diet: Unknown plants^[126]	DD Unknown ^[126]
Santa Marta tapeti	S. sanctaemartae Hershkovitz, 1950	Columbia	Size: Unknown^[105] Habitat: Forest, grassland^[105] Diet: Unknown plants^[105]	DD Unknown ^[127]
Swamp rabbit	S. aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Two subspecies S. a. aquaticus S. a. littoralis	Southern America	Size: 45–55 cm (18–22 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail^[128] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands^[129] Diet: Grass, sedges, shrubs, bark, seedlings, and twigs^[130]	LC Unknown ^[129]
Tres Marias cottontail	S. graysoni (Allen, 1877)	Southwestern Mexico	Size: 21–48 cm (8–19 in) long, plus 1–6 cm (0.4–2.4 in) tail^[131] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland^[132] Diet: Wide variety of plants^[131]	EN Unknown ^[132]
Venezuelan lowland rabbit	S. varynaensis Durant, Guevara, 2001	Venezuela	Size: 41–49 cm (16–19 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) tail^[133] Habitat: Forest and savanna^[134] Diet: Sida plants^[134]	DD Unknown ^[134]

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Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Annamite striped rabbit	N. timminsi Averianov, Abramov, Tikhonov, 2000	Annamite Range in Southeastern Asia	Size: 35–40 cm (14–16 in) long^[79] Habitat: Forest^[80] Diet: Unknown plants^[79]	EN Unknown ^[80]
Sumatran striped rabbit	N. netscheri (Schlegel, 1880)	Sumatra	Size: 36–42 cm (14–17 in) long, plus 17 cm (7 in) tail^[30] Habitat: Forest^[81] Diet: Cyrtandra plants^[81]	DD Unknown ^[81]

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Hewitt's red rock hare	P. saundersiae Hewitt, 1927	Southern Africa	Size: 38–54 cm (15–21 in) long, plus 5–12 cm (2–5 in) tail^[88] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas^[89] Diet: Grass^[88]	LC 10,000 ^[89]
Jameson's red rock hare	P. randensis Jameson, 1907 Three subspecies P. r. caucinus P. r. randensis P. r. whitei	Southern Africa	Size: 42–50 cm (17–20 in) long^[90] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas^[91] Diet: Grass^[90]	LC Unknown ^[91]
Natal red rock hare	P. crassicaudatus (Geoffroy, 1832) Two subspecies P. c. crassicaudatus P. c. ruddi	Southern Africa	Size: 46–56 cm (18–22 in) long, plus 3–11 cm (1–4 in) tail^[92] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas^[93] Diet: Grass^[92]	LC Unknown ^[93]
Smith's red rock hare	P. rupestris Smith, 1834 Five subspecies P. r. curryi P. r. nyikae P. r. rupestris P. r. saundersiae P. r. vallicola	Southern Africa	Size: 38–54 cm (15–21 in) long, plus 5–12 cm (2–5 in) tail^[94] Habitat: Grassland, rocky areas, and desert^[95] Diet: Grass, herbs, and shrubs^[96]	LC 10,000 ^[95]

List_of_leporids

List of leporids

Conventions

Classification

Leporids

References

Sources

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