Orders_of_magnitude_(voltage)

Orders of magnitude (voltage)

Comparison of a wide range of voltages

To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following list describes various voltage levels.

More information SI prefix, Factor (volt) ...

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SI prefix	Factor (volt)	Value	Item
Micro-	10⁻⁷	500 nV	Change in nerve cell potential caused by opening a single acetylcholine receptor channel^[1]
Micro-	10⁻⁶	2 μV	Noise in an EEG taken at the scalp^[2]
Milli-	10⁻⁵	10–100 μV	Peak-to-peak amplitude of an average EEG taken at the scalp^[2]^[3]
		15 μV	Minimum terrestrial digital-TV RF antenna signal (−85 dBm over 75 Ω)^[4]^[5]
		56 μV	Minimum terrestrial analog-TV RF antenna signal (35 dB[μV])^[6]^[7]^[8]
	10⁻⁴	500–1000 μV	Miniature endplate potentials, spontaneous fluctuations in neuron potentials^[1]
	10⁻³	1–2 mV	Potential created at ambient temperatures from K Type Thermocouple
Centi-	10⁻²	~10–50 mV	Ripple voltage in the output of a good DC power supply^[9]
Centi-	10⁻²	75 mV	Nerve cell resting potential^[10]
Deci-	10⁻¹	320 mV	Typical voltage reference level in consumer audio electronics (0.316 V rms)^[11]
		~500 mV	Typical MOSFET threshold voltage for modern processes^[12]
		~700 mV	Forward voltage drop of normal silicon diodes^[13]
		800–1000 mV	Typical positive supply voltage of a low voltage CMOS digital integrated circuit^[14]
		900 mV	Lemon battery cell (made with copper and zinc electrodes)^[15]
N/A	10⁰	0-3 V	Magnitudes of standard reduction potentials in chemistry^[16]
		1.5 V	Alkaline battery AAAA, AAA, AA, C or D battery^[17]
		3.3 V	One of the most common low voltage CMOS digital circuit supply voltages.
		5 V	USB power, used for example to charge a cell phone or a digital camera.^[18] Also one of the most common digital circuit supply voltages for both TTL and CMOS technologies.
		6 V	A common voltage for medium-size electric lanterns.^[19] A voltage for older electric systems of automobiles.
Deca-	10¹	12 V	Typical car battery^[20]
Hecto-	10²	100–240 V	Domestic wall socket voltage^[21]
		600 V	Electric eel sends this voltage in an average attack
		630 V	London Underground railway tracks
Kilo-	10³	2450 V	Electric chair execution in Nebraska^[22]
		3–10 kV	Electric fence^[23]
		3 kV	Voltage required to generate every 1mm of electric arc
		3–35 kV	Accelerating voltage for a typical television cathode ray tube^[24]
		4160-34,500 V	Typical voltages in North America for distribution of power from distribution substations to end users^[25]
	10⁴	15 kV	Train 15 kV AC railway electrification overhead lines, 16+2⁄3 Hz
		25 kV	European high-speed train overhead power lines^[26]
		33 kV	Maximum voltage allowed in an electricity distribution grid after 1919 in the UK until 1926^[27] (still used for heavy industry and factory overhead cable distribution systems)^[28]
		69–230 kV	Range used in North American power high-voltage transmission substations^[25]
	10⁵	345–800 kV	Range used in EHV power transmission systems^[29]^[30]
	10⁵	800 kV	Lowest voltage used by ultra-high voltage (UHV) power transmission systems^[31]^[30]
Mega-	10⁶	3 MV	Used by the ultra-high voltage electron microscope at Osaka University^[32]
	10⁷	25.5 MV	The largest man-made DC voltage – produced in a Van de Graaff generator at Oak Ridge National Laboratory^[33]
	10⁸	100 MV	The potential difference between the ends of a typical lightning bolt^[34]
Peta-	10¹⁵	7 PV	Voltage around a particular energetic highly magnetized rotating neutron star^[35]
Ronna-	10²⁷	1.04 RV	Planck voltage

Submultiples			Multiples
Value	SI symbol	Name	Value	SI symbol	Name
10⁻¹ V	dV	decivolt	10¹ V	daV	decavolt
10⁻² V	cV	centivolt	10² V	hV	hectovolt
10⁻³ V	mV	millivolt	10³ V	kV	kilovolt
10⁻⁶ V	μV	microvolt	10⁶ V	MV	megavolt
10⁻⁹ V	nV	nanovolt	10⁹ V	GV	gigavolt
10⁻¹² V	pV	picovolt	10¹² V	TV	teravolt
10⁻¹⁵ V	fV	femtovolt	10¹⁵ V	PV	petavolt
10⁻¹⁸ V	aV	attovolt	10¹⁸ V	EV	exavolt
10⁻²¹ V	zV	zeptovolt	10²¹ V	ZV	zettavolt
10⁻²⁴ V	yV	yoctovolt	10²⁴ V	YV	yottavolt
10⁻²⁷ V	rV	rontovolt	10²⁷ V	RV	ronnavolt
10⁻³⁰ V	qV	quectovolt	10³⁰ V	QV	quettavolt

Orders_of_magnitude_(voltage)

Orders of magnitude (voltage)

SI multiple

Notes

External links

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