Oroqen_language

Oroqen language

Oroqen language

Tungusic language spoken in Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang

Oroqen (/ˈɒrətʃɛn, ˈɒroʊ-/ ORR-ə-chen, ORR-oh-; Oroqen Urkun; ɔrɔtʃeen ulguur), also known as Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun or Ulunchun, is a Northern Tungusic language spoken in the People's Republic of China. Dialects are Gankui and Heilongjiang. Gankui is the standard dialect.[1] It is spoken by the Oroqen people of Inner Mongolia (predominantly the Oroqin Autonomous Banner) and Heilongjiang in Northeast China.[2]

Quick Facts Native to, Region ...

Since the 1980s, Oroqen-language materials were produced by teachers in Oroqen-speaking areas. They based the language's orthography either on IPA or Pinyin. A majority of Oroqen speakers use Chinese as a literary language and some also speak Daur.

Geographic distribution

Oroqen is spoken in the following counties of China:[1]

Sample text

Listed below are some Oroqen sentences.[3][failed verification] They are transcribed in Oroqen Phonetic Alphabet.

Arian has three elder brothers.Arian ilan axči
The children are all come in.Kúxä səl ku əmčə
Arian's elder brother is coming.Arian axninin əmčə
I'm a student.Pi pite turan
You're taller than meši mintu gúkta
The house is neat and tidy.Ər jü čaldä le
Arian untied the ropeArian ušixəmúə pudičə
How many children do you have?ši ati kúxa či pišiniʔ
Arian took off his clothes

Arian kantaxúə purmə ədəjə

Phonology

Consonants

More information Labial, Alveolar ...
  • Allophones of /x/ are heard as [ɣ], [h].
  • A bilabial /ɸ/ can also be heard as a labio-dental [f].
  • A rhotic trill /r/ tends to sound as a tap [ɾ], when occurring word-finally.

Vowels

More information Front, Central ...
  • /ə, əː/ are often heard as lower sounds [ɐ, ɐː].
  • Short allophones of /o, u/ are heard as [ɵ, ʉ].[4]

Notes

  1. [1]
    Oroqen at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. [2]
    "Did you know Oroqen is severely endangered?". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 2023-04-18.
  3. [3]
    "WOLD -". wold.clld.org. Retrieved 2023-08-01.
  4. [4]
    Hu, Zengyi (1986). Elunchun-yu jianzhi [Concise grammar of Oroqen]. Beijing: National Minorities Publ. pp. 3–19.

Further reading

Oroqen language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
Oroqen language test of Wiktionary at Wikimedia Incubator
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