Pseudomonas_savastanoi

<i>Pseudomonas savastanoi</i>

Pseudomonas savastanoi

Species of bacterium

Pseudomonas savastanoi is a gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium that infects a variety of plants. It was once considered a pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae, but following DNA-relatedness studies, it was instated as a new species.[2] It is named after Savastano, a worker who proved between 1887 and 1898 that olive knot are caused by bacteria.[3][4]

Quick Facts Pseudomonas savastanoi, Scientific classification ...

The pathovar of greatest economical significance is Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi, which causes the disease olive knot.[1] Symptoms include formation of galls on infected trees; tumour formation is induced by indoleacetic acid biosynthesis by the bacteria, in a similar manner to the well-studied crown gall pathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens.[5][6]

History

One of the first scientists to carry out scientific and modern research on the disease of olive trees caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi (Italian: la rogna dell'ulivo) was Giuseppe Maria Giovene (1753-1837), who explained his conclusions in his publication Sulla rogna degli ulivi (1789).[7]

Pathovars

  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. fraxini causes ash bacterial canker.[8]
  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii attacks oleander.[8]
  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi causes olive knot.[5][1]
  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola attacks Phaseolus (bean) plants [9]

Quorum sensing

P. s. pv. s. has an unusual quorum sensing dynamic: It shares quorum with an entirely different order, the Enterobacterales.[10] Hosni et al., 2011 and Caballo-Ponce et al., 2018 find P. s. pv. s. produces very similar N-Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) to the Erwiniaceae Erwinia toletana and Pantoea agglomerans.[10] Hosni find an avirulent mutant – defective for AHL production – is restored to virulence by the presence of E. toletana and P. agglomerans.[10] These results demonstrate disease enhancing cooperation but also reveal a possible way that undiscovered cheating may be occurring.[10]

References

  1. [1]
    "Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (PSDMSA)[Overview]". Global Database. EPPO (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization). 2002-02-03. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  2. [2]
    Gardan; Shafik, H; Belouin, S; Broch, R; Grimont, F; Grimont, PA; et al. (Apr 1999). "DNA relatedness among the pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae and description of Pseudomonas tremae sp. nov. and Pseudomonas cannabina sp. nov. (ex Sutic and Dowson 1959)". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 49 (2): 469–78. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-469. PMID 10319466.
  3. [3]
    George M. Garrity: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria
  4. [4]
    Joseph M. Ogawa, Harley English: Diseases of temperate zone tree fruit and nut crops
  5. [5]
    Hosni T, et al. 2011. Sharing of quorum-sensing signals and role of interspecies communities in a bacterial plant disease. ISME J. doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.65.
  6. [6]
    Yamada, T; Lee, PD; Kosuge, T (1986). "Insertion sequence elements of Pseudomonas savastanoi: Nucleotide sequence and homology with Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfer DNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 83 (21): 8263–7. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.8263Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.21.8263. PMC 386908. PMID 16593778.
  7. [7]
    Giovene, Giuseppe Maria (1789). Memoria sulla rogna degli ulivi del canonico d. Giuseppe Maria Giovene. per Vincenzo Flauto. p. 1.
  8. [8]
    Smith, Dunez, Lelliot, Phillips and Archer (1988) European Handbook of Plant Disease. Blackwell Scientific Publications.
  9. [9]
    B. P Borowicz, A Maćkowiak, H Pospieszny (2002) Improved identification of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola at the molecular level. EPPO Bulletin 32 (3), 467–469.
  10. [10]
    Friesen, Maren L. (2020-08-25). "Social Evolution and Cheating in Plant Pathogens". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 58 (1). Annual Reviews: 55–75. doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012740. ISSN 0066-4286.


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