Russia has the largest video games player base in Europe, with an estimated 65.2 million players nationwide as of 2018.^[1] Even though piracy has been a great issue in the Russian gaming industry,^[2] the games market more than doubled in the past five years to over $2 billion in 2019.^[3]

This article needs to be updated. (April 2023)

In 2001, Russia became the first country in the world to officially recognize competitive video gaming as a sport.^[4]

The history of mass videogaming in Russia (back then in the Soviet Union) takes its roots in the early 1980s when personal computers of different models (Atari 400/800, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum 48/128) were brought to the country from the United States, Europe, Japan, and China.^[5] At the same time, a local brand, Electronika, released a series of portable game consoles which were mostly clones of Nintendo products. By the mid 80s, Soviet programmers and enthusiasts began trying to develop their own games.^[6][7] The most famous Russian game designer of that era is Alexey Pajitnov, who created the worldwide megahit Tetris.^[8][9]

The Dendy, a Taiwanese hardware clone (Famiclone) of the Famicom (Nintendo Entertainment System), was released for the Russian market in 1992.^[10] By 1994, over one million Dendy units were sold in Russia.^[11] The Dendy went on to sell a total of 6 million units in Russia and other post-Soviet states.^[10]

In 2010, Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of Russia encouraged local video game companies to make video games that were patriotic, as it was felt that foreign video game publishers made games that were anti-Russian.^[12]

The first Soviet arcade game machines did not contain digital graphics, and the games' interface had to be emulated with help of physical objects.^[13][14][15]