Zeng Xisheng (Chinese: 曾希聖) (October 11, 1904 – July 15, 1968) was a Chinese politician. He was born in Xingning, Hunan Province (now Zixing, Hunan Province). He was the first Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of Anhui Province and also its 1st governor after the founding of the People's Republic of China. He was the 5th Communist Party Secretary of Shandong Province.

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Zheng Xisheng
曾希聖
Second Secretary of the East China Bureau
In office February 1962 – August 1965
Secretary of the Southwest China Bureau
In office August 1965 – Unknown
First Secretary of Anhui
In office January 1952 – February 1962
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Li Baohua
First Secretary of Shandong
In office 1960–1962
Preceded by	Shu Tong
Succeeded by	Tan Qilong
Chairman of Anhui
In office August 1952 – March 1955
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Huang Yan
Personal details
Born	Chen Shaoyu (1904-10-11)11 October 1904 Zixing, Hunan, Qing dynasty
Died	15 July 1968(1968-07-15) (aged 63) Beijing
Political party	Chinese Communist Party
Spouse	Meng Qingshu (孟庆树)
Occupation	Politician

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Zeng was a proponent of the Great Leap Forward, but as Anhui became one of the first provinces to sink into famine, Zeng in 1961 allowed for farmers to rent land for private use, like growing crops. The land was recollectivized in the following years. In 1962 he was criticized during Seven Thousand Cadres Conference and replaced by Li Baohua and transferred out of Anhui to take on the office of Second Secretary of the Southeast Bureau.^[1][2] He died in 1968 during the Cultural Revolution, as his prior actions had been considered anti-revolutionary.