Zirconium(IV)_iodide
Zirconium(IV) iodide
Chemical compound
Zirconium(IV) iodide is the chemical compound with the formula ZrI4. It is the most readily available iodide of zirconium. It is an orange-coloured solid that degrades in the presence of water. The compound was once prominent as an intermediate in the purification of zirconium metal.
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| Other names
zirconium tetraiodide | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.034.332  |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| ZrI4 | |
| Molar mass | 598.842 g/mol |
| Appearance | orange-yellow crystalline hygroscopic |
| Density | 4.914 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 499[1] °C (930 °F; 772 K) (triple point) |
| Boiling point | 431 °C (808 °F; 704 K) (sublimes) |
| Structure | |
| Monoclinic, mP30 | |
| P2/c, No. 13 | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Danger | |
| H314 | |
| P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Zirconium(IV) fluoride Zirconium(IV) chloride Zirconium(IV) bromide |
Other cations |
Titanium tetraiodide Hafnium tetraiodide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Like most binary metal halides, zirconium(IV) iodide adopts a polymeric structure. As characterized by X-ray crystallography, the compound consists of octahedral Zr(IV) centers interconnected by four doubly bridging iodide ligands. The Zr-I distances of 2.692 (terminal) and 3.030 Å[2][3]
This compound is volatile, subliming as intact tetrahedral ZrI4 molecules. It is prepared by the direct reaction of powdered zirconium metal and iodine.[1]
Pyrolysis of zirconium(IV) iodide gas by contact of hot wire was the first industrial process for the commercial production of pure ductile metallic zirconium. This crystal bar process was developed by Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer in 1925.[4]
- Eberly, K. C. (1963). "Zirconium(IV) Iodide". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 7. pp. 52–54. doi:10.1002/9780470132388.ch13. ISBN 978-0-470-13238-8..
- Krebs, B.; Henkel, G.; Dartmann, M. (1979). "Kristallstruktur von Zirkoniumtetrajodid ZrI4: ein neuer AB4-Strukturtyp". Acta Crystallogr. B35 (2): 274-278. doi:10.1107/S0567740879003344.
- Troyanov, S. I. (1986). "Crystal Structure of γ-ZrI4". Kristallografiya. 31: 446-449.
- van Arkel, A. E.; de Boer, J. H. (1925). "Darstellung von reinem Titanium-, Zirkonium-, Hafnium- und Thoriummetall". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (in German). 148 (1): 345–350. doi:10.1002/zaac.19251480133.