156_Xanthippe
156 Xanthippe
Main-belt asteroid
Xanthippe (minor planet designation: 156 Xanthippe) is a dark background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 120 kilometers (75 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 22 November 1875, by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa at the Austrian Naval Observatory, in what is now Croatia.[1] It is named after Xanthippe, the wife of the Greek philosopher Socrates.[4]
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | J. Palisa |
| Discovery site | Austrian Naval Obs. |
| Discovery date | 22 November 1875 |
| Designations | |
| (156) Xanthippe[2] | |
| Pronunciation | /zænˈθɪpiː/[3] |
Named after | Xanthippe (wife of Socrates)[4] |
| A875 WA; 1901 SA; 1902 VA; 1936 FG1; 1942 RP; 1949 BN | |
| main-belt[1][5] · (middle) background[6] | |
| Orbital characteristics[5] | |
| Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 116.46 yr (42,537 d) |
| Aphelion | 3.3475 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.1069 AU |
| 2.7272 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.2274 |
| 4.50 yr (1,645 d) | |
| 34.237° | |
| 0° 13m 7.68s / day | |
| Inclination | 9.7818° |
| 241.83° | |
| 338.29° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
Mean diameter | 110.409 km[7][8] 110.718±2.187 km[9] 115.49±1.74 km[10] 116.34±4.14 km[11] 120.99±2.5 km[12] 121.68±41.10 km[13] 122.02±31.66 km[14] 143.346±0.903 km[15] 143.35±0.90 km[15] |
| Mass | (6.49±3.71)×1018 kg[11] |
Mean density | 7.86±4.57 g/cm3[11] |
| 22 h[16] 22.104±0.006 h[16] 22.37±0.01 h[17] 22.5 h[18] | |
| 0.030±0.004[15] 0.03±0.03[14] 0.04±0.03[13] 0.0422±0.002[12] 0.047±0.002[10] 0.0504±0.0120[9] 0.0687[7] | |
| Tholen = C[5] SMASS = Ch[5][8] B–V = 0.713[5] U–B = 0.315[5] | |
| 8.31[8] 8.31±0.09[7][17] 8.64[5][9][10][12][14][15] 8.65[13] 8.83±0.30[19] | |
Xanthippe is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[6] It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,645 days; semi-major axis of 2.73 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.[5]
Photometric observations of this asteroid at the European Southern Observatory in La Silla, Chile during 1981 gave a light curve with a period of 22.5 hours.[18] Based upon its spectrum this is classified as a hydrated C-type asteroid (Ch-subtype) in the SMASS classification, indicating that it likely has a carbonaceous composition.[5][6]
Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Xanthippe measures between 110.409 and 143.35 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.030 and 0.0687.[7][9][10][12][13][14][15]
This minor planet was named for Xanthippe, the wife of the Greek philosopher Socrates (c. 470–399 BC), after whom asteroid 5450 Sokrates was named. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 20).[4]
- "156 Xanthippe". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
- "Xantippe". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
- Benjamin Smith (1903) The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(156) Xanthippe". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (156) Xanthippe. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 29. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_157. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 156 Xanthippe" (2018-03-06 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
- "Asteroid 156 Xanthippe". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
- Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus. 221 (1): 365–387. Bibcode:2012Icar..221..365P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026.
- "LCDB Data for (156) Xanthippe". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 29 May 2018.
- Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 35447010. (catalog)
- Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
- Carry, B. (December 2012), "Density of asteroids", Planetary and Space Science, 73 (1): 98–118, arXiv:1203.4336, Bibcode:2012P&SS...73...98C, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009, S2CID 119226456 See Table 1.
- Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
- Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63.
- Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. S2CID 9341381.
- Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. S2CID 46350317.
- Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (156) Xanthippe". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
- Harris, A. W.; Young, J. W. (October 1989). "Asteroid lightcurve observations from 1979-1981". Icarus. 81 (2): 314–364. Bibcode:1989Icar...81..314H. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(89)90056-0. ISSN 0019-1035.
- Debehogne, H.; de Sanctis, G.; Zappala, V. (April 1982). "Photoelectric photometry of three dark asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 108 (1): 197–200. Bibcode:1982A&A...108..197D.
- Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID 53493339.
- Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 156 Xanthippe at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 156 Xanthippe at the JPL Small-Body Database
