1875_Ontario_general_election
The 1875 Ontario general election was the third general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on January 18, 1875, to elect the 88 Members of the 3rd Legislative Assembly of Ontario ("MLAs").[1]
Quick Facts 88 seats in the 3rd Legislative Assembly of Ontario 45 seats were needed for a majority, First party ...
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88 seats in the 3rd Legislative Assembly of Ontario 45 seats were needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Oliver Mowat, increased its majority in the Legislature for its second term in government.
The Ontario Conservative Party, led by Matthew Crooks Cameron lost four of its seats.
The Legislative Assembly had passed several pieces of legislation that impacted on the current election:
- Members of the House of Commons of Canada were disqualified from holding a provincial seat.[2]
- The prior practice of voting by open declaration was abolished in favour of holding a secret ballot.[3][4]
The Assembly was increased from 82 to 88 members,[5] through the following changes:
More information Abolished ridings, New ridings ...
| Abolished ridings | New ridings |
|---|---|
| Divisions of ridings | |
| Creation of riding from parts of others | |
| Mergers of ridings | |
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| Reorganization of ridings | |
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- formed from parts of Cardwell, Grey South, Wellington North, Wellington Centre and Simcoe South
- taken from Simcoe North
More information Political party, Party leader ...
| Political party | Party leader | MLAs | Votes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1871 | 1875 | ± | # | ± | % | ± (pp) | |||
| Liberal | Oliver Mowat | 84 | 43 | 49 | 6 | 90,809 | 22,443 | 47.55% | 4.75 | |
| Conservative | Matthew Crooks Cameron | 81 | 38 | 35 | 3 | 87,802 | 27,876 | 45.98% | 0.13 | |
| Liberal–Conservative | 1 | – | 1 | 1 | 1,553 | 1,553 | 0.81% | New | ||
| Independent Conservative | 2 | – | 2 | 2 | 2,129 | 2,129 | 1.11% | New | ||
| Independent Liberal | 1 | – | 1 | 1 | 1,125 | 1,125 | 0.59% | New | ||
| Conservative-Liberal | 1 | 1 | – | 1 | 791 | 325 | 0.41% | 0.44 | ||
| Independent | 11 | – | – | – | 6,757 | 5,454 | 3.54% | 2.54 | ||
| Total | 181 | 82 | 88 | 190,966 | 100.00% | |||||
| Voter turnout | 190,966 | 60,255 |
67.95 | 4.35 | ||||||
| Registered electors | 283,856 | 76,139 |
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| Acclamations | █ Liberal | 8 | ||||||||
| █ Conservative | 1 | |||||||||
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More information Party, Seats ...
| Party | Seats | Votes | Change (pp) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| █ Liberal | 49 / 88 | 47.55% | -4.75 | ||
| █ Conservative | 36 / 88 | 47.20% | 0.50 | 0.5 | |
| █ Other | 3 / 88 | 5.25% | 4.25 | 4.25 | |
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Synopsis of results
More information Riding, Winning party ...
| Riding | Winning party | Turnout | Votes | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name[a 1] | 1871 | Party | Votes | Share | Margin # |
Margin % |
Lib | Con | LC | CL | I-Lib | I-Con | Ind | Total | |||
| Addington | Lib | Lib | 1,453 | 60.77% | 515 | 21.54% | 67.91% | 1,453 | 938 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,391 | ||
| Algoma | Con | Lib | 510 | 64.31% | 227 | 28.63% | 91.25% | 510 | 283 | – | – | – | – | – | 793 | ||
| Brant North | Lib | Lib | 747 | 54.17% | 115 | 8.34% | 62.54% | 747 | 632 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,379 | ||
| Brant South | Con | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Brockville | Con | Lib | 1,247 | 51.51% | 73 | 3.02% | 71.35% | 1,247 | 1,174 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,421 | ||
| Bruce North | Lib | Lib | 1,232 | 55.95% | 262 | 11.90% | 68.75% | 1,232 | – | – | – | – | – | 970 | 2,202 | ||
| Bruce South | Lib | Lib | 1,864 | 65.87% | 898 | 31.73% | 49.26% | 1,864 | 966 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,830 | ||
| Cardwell | CL | Con | 1,208 | 52.80% | 128 | 5.59% | 66.82% | 1,080 | 1,208 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,288 | ||
| Carleton | Con | Con | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Cornwall | Con | Con | 499 | 50.25% | 5 | 0.50% | 68.44% | 494 | 499 | – | – | – | – | – | 993 | ||
| Dufferin | New | Con | 982 | 46.06% | 255 | 11.96% | 66.23% | 33 | 2,099 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,132 | ||
| Dundas | Lib | Con | 1,458 | 51.67% | 94 | 3.33% | 74.99% | 1,364 | 1,458 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,822 | ||
| Durham East | Con | Con | 1,454 | 55.22% | 275 | 10.44% | 69.73% | 1,179 | 1,454 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,633 | ||
| Durham West | Lib | Lib | 1,257 | 53.95% | 184 | 7.90% | 71.52% | 1,257 | 1,073 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,330 | ||
| Elgin East | Lib | Lib | 1,924 | 50.31% | 24 | 0.63% | 73.85% | 1,924 | 1,900 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,824 | ||
| Elgin West | Lib | Con | 1,101 | 50.23% | 10 | 0.46% | 78.01% | 1,091 | 1,101 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,192 | ||
| Essex North | New | Con | 1,209 | 61.56% | 454 | 23.12% | 54.37% | – | 1,209 | – | – | – | – | 755 | 1,964 | ||
| Essex South | New | Con | 1,014 | 51.19% | 47 | 2.37% | 69.61% | 967 | 1,014 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,981 | ||
| Frontenac | Con | Con | 884 | 59.61% | 285 | 19.22% | 55.92% | 599 | 884 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,483 | ||
| Glengarry | Con | I-Lib | 1,125 | 51.07% | 47 | 2.13% | 74.08% | 1,078 | – | – | – | 1,125 | – | – | 2,203 | ||
| Grenville South | Con | Lib | 1,136 | 53.36% | 143 | 6.72% | 71.04% | 1,136 | 993 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,129 | ||
| Grey East | New | Con | 1,297 | 67.55% | 674 | 35.10% | 53.42% | 623 | 1,297 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,920 | ||
| Grey North | Con | Con | 1,431 | 53.40% | 182 | 6.79% | 67.59% | 1,249 | 1,431 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,680 | ||
| Grey South | Con | Lib | 1,017 | 46.27% | 293 | 13.33% | 69.29% | 1,017 | 457 | – | – | – | – | 724 | 2,198 | ||
| Haldimand | Lib | Lib | 1,476 | 53.87% | 212 | 7.74% | 75.84% | 1,476 | 1,264 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,740 | ||
| Halton | Lib | Lib | 1,609 | 52.58% | 158 | 5.16% | 68.18% | 1,609 | 1,451 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,060 | ||
| Hamilton | Lib | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Hastings East | Con | I-Con | 1,064 | 63.37% | 493 | 29.36% | 58.20% | – | 615 | – | – | – | 1,064 | – | 1,679 | ||
| Hastings North | Con | Con | 960 | 55.14% | 179 | 10.28% | 74.62% | 781 | 960 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,741 | ||
| Hastings West | Con | Con | 720 | 36.87% | 102 | 5.22% | 65.94% | 615 | 720 | – | – | – | – | 618 | 1,953 | ||
| Huron East | New | Lib | 1,530 | 52.92% | 169 | 5.85% | 70.89% | 1,530 | 1,361 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,891 | ||
| Huron South | Lib | Lib | 1,440 | 51.39% | 78 | 2.78% | 72.53% | 1,440 | 1,362 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,802 | ||
| Huron West | New | Lib | 1,595 | 51.48% | 92 | 2.97% | 68.59% | 1,595 | 1,503 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,098 | ||
| Kent East | New | Lib | 1,425 | 51.76% | 97 | 3.52% | 66.27% | 1,425 | 1,328 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,753 | ||
| Kent West | New | Con | 1,440 | 52.67% | 146 | 5.34% | 58.64% | 1,294 | 1,440 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,734 | ||
| Kingston | Con | Con | 935 | 54.17% | 144 | 8.34% | 64.55% | – | 935 | – | 791 | – | – | – | 1,726 | ||
| Lambton East | New | Lib | 1,443 | 53.35% | 181 | 6.69% | 70.74% | 1,443 | 1,262 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,705 | ||
| Lambton West | New | Lib | 1,372 | 64.53% | 618 | 29.07% | 57.23% | 1,372 | 754 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,126 | ||
| Lanark North | Lib | Con | 913 | 50.72% | 26 | 1.44% | 80.07% | 887 | 913 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,800 | ||
| Lanark South | Con | Con | 1,234 | 53.68% | 169 | 7.35% | 72.57% | 1,065 | 1,234 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,299 | ||
| Leeds North and Grenville North | Con | Con | 1,035 | 61.57% | 389 | 23.14% | 66.63% | – | 1,035 | – | – | – | – | 646 | 1,681 | ||
| Leeds South | Con | Con | 1,481 | 58.70% | 439 | 17.40% | 79.87% | 1,042 | 1,481 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,523 | ||
| Lennox | Con | I-Con | 1,065 | 54.36% | 555 | 28.33% | 53.47% | 510 | – | – | – | – | 1,065 | 384 | 1,959 | ||
| Lincoln | New | Lib | 2,065 | 51.38% | 111 | 2.76% | 75.25% | 2,065 | 1,954 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,019 | ||
| London | Con | Con | 1,311 | 52.84% | 141 | 5.68% | 60.39% | 1,170 | 1,311 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,481 | ||
| Middlesex East | Con | Con | 2,185 | 53.11% | 256 | 6.22% | 72.87% | 1,929 | 2,185 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,114 | ||
| Middlesex North | Lib | Con | 1,565 | 54.89% | 279 | 9.79% | 72.77% | 1,286 | 1,565 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,851 | ||
| Middlesex West | Lib | Lib | 1,415 | 54.30% | 224 | 8.60% | 71.36% | 1,415 | 1,191 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,606 | ||
| Monck | Con | Lib | 1,412 | 56.21% | 312 | 12.42% | 74.47% | 1,412 | 1,100 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,512 | ||
| Muskoka and Parry Sound | New | Lib | 839 | 58.63% | 247 | 17.26% | 65.52% | 839 | 592 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,431 | ||
| Norfolk North | Lib | Lib | 1,417 | 52.19% | 119 | 4.38% | 75.77% | 1,417 | 1,298 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,715 | ||
| Norfolk South | Lib | Con | 1,293 | 58.27% | 367 | 16.54% | 64.71% | – | 1,293 | – | – | – | – | 926 | 2,219 | ||
| Northumberland East | Lib | Lib | 1,551 | 48.27% | 103 | 3.21% | 74.62% | 1,765[a 2] | 1,448 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,213 | ||
| Northumberland West | Lib | Lib | 1,251 | 52.59% | 123 | 5.17% | 70.78% | 1,251 | 1,128 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,379 | ||
| Ontario North | Lib | Lib | 1,858 | 51.84% | 132 | 3.68% | 68.24% | 1,858 | 1,726 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,584 | ||
| Ontario South | Lib | Con | 1,614 | 50.52% | 33 | 1.03% | 72.91% | 1,581 | 1,614 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,195 | ||
| Ottawa | Lib | Lib | 852 | 35.35% | 52 | 2.16% | 54.25% | 1,652[a 3] | 758 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,410 | ||
| Oxford North | Lib | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Oxford South | Lib | Lib | 1,305 | 44.27% | 43 | 1.46% | 66.05% | 1,305 | 1,262 | – | – | – | – | 381 | 2,948 | ||
| Peel | Con | Lib | 1,349 | 51.98% | 103 | 3.97% | 72.95% | 1,349 | 1,246 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,595 | ||
| Perth North | Con | Lib | 1,847 | 51.69% | 140 | 3.92% | 68.16% | 1,847 | 1,726[a 4] | – | – | – | – | – | 3,573 | ||
| Perth South | Con | Lib | 1,508 | 53.23% | 183 | 6.46% | 70.98% | 1,508 | 1,325 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,833 | ||
| Peterborough East | Con | Con | 759 | 52.13% | 62 | 4.26% | 67.47% | 697 | 759 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,456 | ||
| Peterborough West | Lib | Lib | 970 | 51.19% | 45 | 2.37% | 71.27% | 970 | 925 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,895 | ||
| Prescott | Con | Con | 988 | 62.57% | 397 | 25.14% | 59.61% | 591 | 988 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,579 | ||
| Prince Edward | Lib | Lib | 1,762 | 50.91% | 63 | 1.82% | 77.90% | 1,762 | 1,699 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,461 | ||
| Renfrew North | Con | Con | 894 | 53.44% | 115 | 6.87% | 76.71% | 779 | 894 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,673 | ||
| Renfrew South | Con | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Russell | Con | Con | 1,066 | 61.30% | 393 | 22.60% | 49.10% | 673 | 1,066 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,739 | ||
| Simcoe East | New | Con | 1,133 | 54.00% | 168 | 8.01% | 73.90% | 965 | 1,133 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,098 | ||
| Simcoe South | Con | Con | 1,057 | 58.17% | 297 | 16.35% | 67.15% | 760 | 1,057 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,817 | ||
| Simcoe West | New | Con | 1,353 | 51.15% | 61 | 2.31% | 67.63% | 1,292 | 1,353 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,645 | ||
| Stormont | Con | Lib | 948 | 53.77% | 133 | 7.54% | 77.19% | 948 | 815 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,763 | ||
| Toronto East | Con | Con | 1,849 | 53.83% | 270 | 7.86% | 54.42% | 1,579 | 1,849 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,435 | ||
| Toronto West | Lib | Con | 2,145 | 50.71% | 60 | 1.42% | 55.31% | 2,085 | 2,145 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,230 | ||
| Victoria North | Con | Lib | 724 | 50.14% | 4 | 0.28% | 68.60% | 724 | 720 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,444 | ||
| Victoria South | Lib | Lib | 1,326 | 56.38% | 300 | 12.76% | 68.29% | 1,326 | 1,026 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,352 | ||
| Waterloo North | Lib | Lib | 1,363 | 67.71% | 713 | 35.42% | 70.31% | 1,363 | 650 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,013 | ||
| Waterloo South | Lib | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Welland | Lib | Lib | 1,719 | 51.16% | 78 | 2.32% | 69.48% | 1,719 | 1,641 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,360 | ||
| Wellington Centre | Lib | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Wellington South | Lib | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
| Wellington West | New | L-Con | 1,553 | 51.63% | 98 | 3.26% | 73.82% | 1,455 | – | 1,553 | – | – | – | – | 3,008 | ||
| Wentworth North | Lib | Con | 1,222 | 50.48% | 23 | 0.95% | 73.72% | 1,199 | 1,222 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,421 | ||
| Wentworth South | Lib | Lib | 944 | 71.14% | 561 | 42.28% | 44.70% | 944 | 383 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,327 | ||
| York East | Lib | Lib | 1,266 | 54.26% | 199 | 8.53% | 63.16% | 1,266 | 1,067 | – | – | – | – | – | 2,333 | ||
| York North | Con | Lib | 1,835 | 57.69% | 489 | 15.37% | 65.36% | 1,835 | – | – | – | – | – | 1,346 | 3,181 | ||
| York West | Lib | Lib | acclaimed | ||||||||||||||
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- order is as given in EO reports
- the incumbent William Wilson Webb received 214 votes
- the incumbent Daniel John O'Donoghue was returned
- the incumbent Thomas Mayne Daly received 1,707 votes
- = open seat
- = turnout is above provincial average
- = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
- = incumbent had switched allegiance
- = previously incumbent in another riding
- = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
- = incumbency arose from byelection gain
- = other incumbents renominated
- = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
- = multiple candidates
Analysis
More information Party in 1st place, Party in 2nd place ...
| Party in 1st place | Party in 2nd place | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accl | Lib | Con | Ind | Con-L | |||
| Liberal | 8 | 1 | 37 | 3 | 49 | ||
| Conservative | 1 | 28 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 35 | |
| Independent Conservative | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Liberal–Conservative | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Independent Liberal | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Total | 9 | 32 | 39 | 7 | 1 | 88 | |
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More information Parties, Accl ...
| Parties | Accl | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| █ Liberal | 8 | 41 | 32 | 2 | 1 | |
| █ Conservative | 1 | 34 | 39 | 6 | 1 | |
| █ Independent Conservative | 2 | |||||
| █ Liberal–Conservative | 1 | |||||
| █ Independent Liberal | 1 | |||||
| █ Independent | 7 | 3 | 1 | |||
| █ Conservative-Liberal | 1 |
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More information Source, Party ...
| Source | Party | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lib | Con | L-Con | I-Con | I-Lib | Total | ||
| Seats retained | Incumbents returned | 20 | 9 | 29 | |||
| Returned by acclamation | 6 | 1 | |||||
| Open seats held | 1 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Byelection loss reversed | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||
| Seats changing hands | Incumbents defeated | 3 | 7 | 10 | |||
| Open seats gained | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 | ||
| Byelection gains held | 5 | 5 | |||||
| Incumbent changing allegiance | 1 | 2 | |||||
| Returned by acclamation | 1 | 1 | |||||
| New seats | New MLAs | 4 | 5 | 9 | |||
| Previously incumbent in another riding | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 | |||
| Total | 49 | 35 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 88 | |
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MLAs elected by region and riding
Party designations are as follows:
Liberal
Conservative
Liberal-Conservative
Independent Conservative
Independent Liberal
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Controverted elections
The following constituencies had elections which were declared void, for which writs of election were issued and elections held prior to the opening of the first session of the new Legislature:
More information Voided result, Subsequent outcome ...
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- formerly MLA for Toronto West
Notes
- Election overturned on petition to the court. Thomas Hodgins (Liberal) was declared elected.
References
- "1875 general election results". Elections Ontario. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
- An Act to provide for voting by Ballot at Elections to the Legislative Assembly, S.O. 1874 (1st session), c. 5
- "Voting in Ontario Provincial Elections" (PDF). Elections Ontario. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 27, 2011. Retrieved July 10, 2011.
- An Act to re-adjust the Representation in the Legislative Assembly, S.O. 1874 (2nd session), c. 2
- Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario. Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1876. pp. 25–30.