1984_in_aviation

1984 in aviation

1984 in aviation

List of aviation-related events in 1984

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1984.

Quick Facts

Events

January

February

March

April

  • April 18 – An Iraqi Air Force missile strike slightly damages the empty 52,000-gross-ton Panamanian oil tanker Robert Star in the Persian Gulf while she is on her way to the Iranian oil terminal at Kharg Island.[6]
  • April 25 – The Iraqi Air Force conducts a missile attack against the 357,000-gross-ton Saudi oil tanker Safina-al-Arab, carrying 340,000 tons of Iranian crude oil in the Persian Gulf south of Kharg Island. A missile blows a large hole in the ship's side and ignites a fire which burns for two days and consumes 10,000 tons of oil. The ship is declared a constructive total loss.[6]
  • April 27 – An Iraqi Air Force missile attack slightly damages the 179,000-gross-ton Liberian cargo ship Sea Eagle in the Persian Gulf near the Iranian port of Bandar-e Emam Khomeyni.[6]
  • April 29 – Trans World Airlines starts services to ten new cities in one day, the largest single-day expansion in its history.

May

  • Due to the expiration of a bilateral air traffic agreement between Peru and the United States in November 1983 and disagreements between the two countries over "fifth freedom rights" – which allow an airline to carry revenue traffic between foreign countries as a part of services connecting the airline's own country – commercial air traffic between the two countries is suspended. It will not resume until mid-1985.
  • May 7 – An Iraqi Air Force missile attack against the 118,000-gross-ton Saudi oil tanker Al-Ahood, carrying 114,000 tons of Iranian crude oil in the Persian Gulf near Kharg Island. The missile strikes the ship's accommodation area near her engine room and starts a fire that consumes 35,000 tons of oil and burns for five days, extensively damaging the ship. One of her crewmen is killed.[6]
  • May 13
    • An Iraqi Air Force missile attack causes slight damage to the 69,000-gross-ton Iranian oil tanker Tabriz, carrying a full load of Iranian oil in the Persian Gulf south of Kharg Island.[6]
    • The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force makes its first reported attack against commercial shipping. After an Iranian reconnaissance aircraft sights the 80,000-gross-ton Kuwaiti oil tanker Umm al-Casbah, carrying 77,000 tons of Kuwaiti crude oil, in the Persian Gulf south of Kuwait, an F-4 Phantom II fires two rockets at the ship, both of which strike her deck.[6]
  • May 14
    • Two Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force F-4 Phantom II fighter-bombers attack the empty Kuwaiti oil tanker Bahrah, which is in the Persian Gulf on a voyage to Kuwait, firing five rockets at her. Three rockets hit, blowing a large hole in Bahrah's side and starting a fire that burns for eight hours. Two crewmen are injured. Bahrah proceeds to Kuwait under her own power.[6]
    • An Iraqi Air Force missile strike hits the empty 62,000-ton Panamanian oil tanker Esperanza II while she is in the Persian Gulf on a voyage to Kharg Island. A fire burns out her engine room and accommodation section.[7]
  • May 16 – Two Iranian F-4 Phantom II fighter-bombers circle the 215,000-gross-ton Saudi oil tanker Yanbu Pride, carrying 120,000 tons of Saudi crude oil in the Persian Gulf within Saudi Arabia's territorial waters near the port of Jubail, to identify her, then fire five rockets at her. Two rockets strike Yanbu Pride, causing explosions and starting a fire in one of her holds that is quickly extinguished.[7]
  • May 18 – An Iraqi Air Force missile attack sinks the 17,000-ton Panamanian bulk carrier Fidelity in the Persian Gulf near the Iranian port of Bushehr.[7]
  • May 19 – Iraq begins a five-day suspension of attacks on shipping in the Persian Gulf as part of an effort to negotiate a peace settlement with Iran. After the effort fails, Iraqi strikes resume on May 24.[8]
  • May 24
    • The Iraqi Air Force conducts a missile strike against the fully loaded, 140,000-ton Panamanian oil tanker Arizona in the Persian Gulf south of Kharg Island, narrowly missing her.[7]
    • Two Iranian F-4 Phantom II fighter-bombers fire rockets at the empty 29,000-gross-ton Liberian tanker Chemical Venture in Saudi Arabia's territorial waters near the port of Jubail, striking her superstructure and starting a fire which burns out her pilothouse before it is extinguished. Ten of Chemical Venture's crewmen are injured.[7]
  • May 25 – An Iraqi Air Force missile attack hits the 19,000-ton Liberian bulk carrier Savoy Dean in the Persian Gulf.[7]

June

  • June 3
  • June 5
    • Saudi F-15s, guided by U.S. Air Force E-3A Sentry aircraft, shoot down an Iranian jet flying over Saudi territorial waters. Iran ceases air operations over Saudi waters and never again challenges Saudi air defenses.[9]
    • Iraqi aircraft strike Banneh, Iran.[11]
  • June 6 – Iraqi aircraft raid Dezful, Masjid-e Suleiman, and Nahavand, Iran.[11]
  • June 10 – An Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force F-4 Phantom II attacks the empty 295,000-ton Kuwaiti oil tanker Kazimah in the Persian Gulf east of Qatar, dropping bombs which all miss. The F-4 follows up with a rocket attack which hits Kazimah but inflicts only slight damage and injures none of her crew.[7]
  • June 16 – Frontier Airlines pilot Emily Warner and co-pilot Barbara Cook make history by directing the first all-female commercial airline crew, on a flight from Denver, Colorado, to Lexington, Kentucky.
  • June 22
  • June 24 – The Iraqi Air Force attacks Kharg Island, damaging oil facilities at Sea Island on the western side of the island. One missile strikes the 152,000-gross-ton Greek oil tanker Alexander the Great, which is fully loaded with Iranian oil, penetrating an oil tank but failing to explode.[11]
  • June 27 – The Iraqi Air Force attacks the 260,000-gross-ton Kuwaiti oil tanker Tiburon, carrying 250,000 tons of Iranian oil, in the Persian Gulf southeast of Kharg Island, hitting her in the engine room with a missile. A fire with 100-foot- (30-meter)-tall flames breaks out and spreads to Tiburon's accommodation area and destroys the ship's entire superstructure and funnel but does not burn any of her cargo. Eight crewmen die and three suffer serious injuries. The ship is towed to Bahrain.[13]

July

  • July 1 – An Iraqi Air Force missile attack damages the 6,200-gross-ton South Korean cargo ship Wonju-Ho in the Persian Gulf while she is on a voyage to the Iranian port of Bandar-e Emam Khomeyni and seriously damages the 13,000-gross-ton Greek cargo ship Alexander-Dyo. Two crewmen die and four suffer injuries.[14]
  • July 3 – Air Florida suspends all its flights after declaring bankruptcy.
  • July 5 – Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force jets hit the Japanese-owned Liberian-registered supertanker Primrose with two rockets in the Persian Gulf. Primrose suffers no important damage and continues her voyage at full speed.[14]
  • July 10 – An Iranian reconnaissance aircraft sights the British oil tanker British Renown while she is in international waters in the Persian Gulf 70 nautical miles (130 kilometres) northwest of Bahrain on her way to pick up crude oil from the Liberian tanker Tiburon, which had been heavily damaged by an Iraqi missile on June 27, and apparently mistakes her for another ship. An Iranian F-4 Phantom II arrives and fires two rockets at British Renown, one of which bounces off her deck while the other hits her oil-loading equipment and starts a small fire which her crew soon puts out.[14]
  • July 25
    • Xiamen Airlines – the future XiamenAir – is established.
    • Since June 23, Iraq has launched four series of attacks on commercial shipping in the Persian Gulf.[11]

August

September

October

  • October 2 – The United States Navy awards McDonnell Douglas a US$438 million contract to develop the T-45 Goshawk.
  • October 8 – An Iraqi Air Force missile strike wrecks the engine room of the empty Liberian oil tanker World Knight in the Persian Gulf southwest of Kharg Island, to which she is headed, also setting fire to her crew accommodations. She is heavily damaged, with seven crewmen dead and five seriously injured.[17]
  • October 11
  • October 12 – Iranian aircraft attack the 21,000-gross-ton Panamanian liquified natural gas tanker Gaz Fountain, fully loaded with 20,000 tons of pressurized propane and butane, in the central Persian Gulf, damaging her with three rockets. Her crew abandons ship, and she is declared a total loss.[17]
  • October 15 – Iraqi Air Force missiles set fire to the fully loaded 219,000-gross-ton Iranian oil tanker Sivand after she leaves the Iranian oil terminal at Kharg Island.[17]
  • October 19 – An Iranian F-4 Phantom II fighter-bomber fires rockets at the Panamanian-registered 1,538-gross-ton diving support ship Pacific Prospector in the southern Persian Gulf, setting her on fire and killing two people.[17]
  • October 24 – The first flight of PZL-130 Orlik, a Polish turboprop trainer aircraft, takes place.

November

December

  • December 1 – The United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration intentionally crashes a Boeing 720 as part of its Controlled Impact Demonstration Program at Edwards Air Force Base, California.
  • December 3 – An Iraqi Air Force missile hits the empty 386,000-gross-ton Cypriot oil tanker Minotaur in the Persian Gulf while she is on her way to the Iranian oil terminal at Kharg Island, setting her engine room on fire. The fire is brought under control five hours later.[19]
  • December 4 – An Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force F-4 Phantom II fires rockets into a Kuwaitii supply boat operating in the Iraqi exclusion zone around Kharg Island.[19]
  • December 6 – Provincetown-Boston Airlines Flight 1039, an Embraer 110 Bandeirante, crashes on takeoff from Jacksonville International Airport at Jacksonville, Florida, after its tail section separates from the rest of the aircraft due to a maintenance error. All 13 people on board die in the crash and ensuing fire.
  • December 9 – An Iraqi Air Force strike hits the empty 163,000-gross-ton Bahamian-registered oil tanker B. T. Investor in the Persian Gulf with an Exocet anti-ship missile while she is on her way to Kharg Island. Although the missile punches a hole in the ship's side, no fire occurs, damage is minor, and no one is injured.[19]
  • December 15 – An Iraqi Air Force strike hits the empty Greek oil tanker Ninemia with two missiles in the Persian Gulf while she is heading toward Kharg Island. The first missile starts a fire in her engine room, killing two crewmen, and she suffers heavy damage.[19]
  • December 17
    • An Iraqi Air Force missile strikes the Greek cargo ship Aegis Cosmic in her cargo hold in the Persian Gulf 85 nautical miles (157 kilometres) north of Bahrain, but she is only slightly damaged, her crew suffers no injuries, and she continues her voyage.[17]
    • A United States Air Force C-5 Galaxy becomes airborne with 920,836 pounds (417,684 kg) aboard, setting a U.S. national record.
  • December 21 – An Iraqi Air Force missile strike hits the 53,000-gross-ton Liberian-registered tanker Magnolia and the Norwegian supertanker Thorshavet 31 nautical miles (57 kilometres) south of Kharg Island. Aboard Magnolia, two crewmen die. Thorshavet, carrying 230,000 tons of Iranian oil, suffers heavy damage and 26 crewmen abandon ship.[19]
  • December 25 – Iranian aircraft damage the 277,000-gross-ton Indian tanker Kanchenjunga, bound for India fully loaded with Saudi crude oil she had loaded at Ras Tanura, with rockets in the Persian Gulf 70 nautical miles (130 kilometres) northeast of Qatar. Her bridge and control room catch fire and some of her crewmen are injured. She diverts to Dubai for repairs.[19]
  • December 26 – Iranian aircraft damage the empty 239,000-gross-ton Spanish supertanker Aragon in the Persian Gulf, hitting her with two rockets. She continues her voyage to the Saudi oil terminal at Ras Tanura.[19]
  • December 31 – During 1984, Iraq has conducted 35 air attacks against shipping in the Persian Gulf, all using air-to-surface missiles, while Iran has conducted 18 air attacks against Persian Gulf shipping.[20]

First flights

February

March

April

  • April 24 – Dornier SeaStar D-ICDS

May

June

July

August

September

October

December

Entered service

May

June

July

December

Retirements

March

Deaths

Deadliest crash

The deadliest crash of this year was Aeroflot Flight 3352, a Tupolev Tu-154 which crashed on landing in Omsk, Russian SFSR on 11 October, killing 174 of the 179 people on board, as well as four on the ground.

References

  1. [1]
    Dr. Raymond L. Puffer, The Death of a Satellite, , Retrieved on November 3, 2007.
  2. [2]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  3. [3]
    Cordesman and Wagner, p. 534
  4. [4]
    Cordesman and Wagner, p. 180
  5. [5]
    Cordesman and Wagner, pp. 181–182
  6. [6]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 535. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  7. [7]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 536. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  8. [8]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  9. [9]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 195. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  10. [10]
    "Tote bei Flugschau-Unglücken". 13 July 2009.
  11. [11]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  12. [12]
    1984 Virgin Group
  13. [13]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. pp. 536–537. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  14. [14]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 537. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  15. [15]
    Accident description for S2-ABJ at the Aviation Safety Network
  16. [16]
    "AROUND THE WORLD; 49 Die in Bangladesh As Plane Plunges". The New York Times. 6 August 1984. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
  17. [17]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 538. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  18. [18]
    "planespotters.net History of Capitol Airways". Archived from the original on 2015-01-01. Retrieved 2015-04-18.
  19. [19]
    Anthony H Cordesman; Abraham R. Wagner (1991). The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran-Iraq War. Westview Press. p. 539. ISBN 978-0-8133-1330-6.
  20. [20]
    Cordesman, Anthony H., and Abraham R. Wagner, The Lessons of Modern War, Volume II: The Iran-Iraq War, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1990, ISBN 0-8133-1330-9, pp. 339.
  21. [21]
    Taylor 1984, p. 48.
  22. [22]
    Taylor 1984, p. 89.
  23. [23]
    Taylor 1984, p. 90.
  24. [24]
    Taylor 1984, p. 49.
  25. [25]
    Taylor 1984, p. 50.
  26. [26]
    Taylor 1985, p. [67]
  27. [27]
    Taylor 1984, p. 92.
  28. [28]
    Bodie, Warren M., "Flashback," Aviation History, July 2008, p. 45.
  29. [29]
    "Boeing 737-300 Southwest Airlines "Spirit of Kitty Hawk"". www.flightmuseum.com. Frontiers of Flight Museum. Retrieved December 10, 2020.
  30. [30]
    Enzo Angelucci; Peter M. Bowers (1987). The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft from 1917 to the Present. Outlet. p. 409. ISBN 978-0-517-56588-9.
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