2004_Indian_general_election_in_Tamil_Nadu
The 2004 Indian general election polls in Tamil Nadu were held for 39 seats in the state. The result was a victory for the Democratic Progressive Alliance, which included the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) and its allies the Left Front which won all 39 seats in the state. DMK and its allies were also able to hold on to Pondicherry, which has 1 seat, which allowed the UPA to win all 40 seats in Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry. The 2 larger partners Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) (16) and Indian National Congress (INC) (10) won the majority of seats, with the junior partners Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK) (5) and Marumaralarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK) (4) winning the rest. The remaining 4 seats were won by the Left Front parties. Due to the support of the Left Front for the government at the centre, all 39 seats in Tamil Nadu, supported the formation of the UPA-led government.
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39 seats | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2004 Election map (by constituencies) Green = UPA (won all the seats) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The DPA was formed, because DMK, PMK and MDMK, left the NDA mostly on the Ayodhya issue and created an alliance that supported the UPA. The NDA paid a price for it, when their BJP-AIADMK alliance couldn't even win a seat in this state.[1]
Democratic Progressive Alliance
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Leader | Seats Contested | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |  |
 |
M. Karunanidhi | 15 | |
| Indian National Congress |  |
 |
G. K. Vasan | 9 | |
| Pattali Makkal Katchi |  |
 |
S. Ramadoss | 5 | |
| Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |  |
 |
Vaiko | 4 | |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) |  |
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N. Varadarajan | 2 | |
| Communist Party of India |  |
 |
R. Nallakannu | 2 | |
| Unrecognized party, whose candidate ran under the DMK ticket | |||||
| Indian Union Muslim League |  |
|
K. M. Kader Mohideen | 1 | |
| Unrecognized party, whose candidate ran under the INC ticket | |||||
| Congress Jananayaka Peravai |  |
|
P. Chidambaram | 1 | |
National Democratic Alliance
| Party | Flag | Election symbol | Leader | Seats Contested | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |  |
 |
J. Jayalalithaa | 33 | |
| Bharatiya Janata Party |  |
 |
C. P. Radhakrishnan | 6 | |
People's alliance
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Leader | Seats Contested | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi |  |
 |
Thol. Thirumavalavan | 8 | 25 | |
| Makkal Tamil Desam Katchi |  |
R. S. Raja Kannappan | 5 | |||
| Puthiya Tamilagam |  |
K. Krishnasamy | 5 | |||
| Janata Dal (United) | _Flag.svg){kind=small} |
George Fernandes | 3 | |||
| Indian National League |  |
Janab | 3 | |||
| Puratchi Council | |
1 | ||||
Fourth front
| Party | Flag | Election symbol | Leader | Seats Contested | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Janata Party | Subramanian Swamy | 21 | 31 | |||
| Puthiya Needhi Katchi |  |
A. C. Shanmugam | 10 | |||
Results by Pre-Poll Alliance
| Alliance | Party | Popular Vote | Percentage | Swing | Seats won | Seat Change | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Progressive Alliance | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 7,064,393 | 24.60% |  1.47% |
16 | 4 | ||
| Indian National Congress | 4,134,255 | 14.40% | 3.30% |
10 | 8 | |||
| Pattali Makkal Katchi | 1,927,367 | 6.71% |  1.50% |
5 |  | |||
| Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 1,679,870 | 5.95% | 0.10% |
4 | | |||
| Communist Party of India | 852,981 | 2.97% | 0.41% |
2 | 2 | |||
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 824,524 | 2.87% | 0.52% |
2 | 1 | |||
| Total | 16,483,390 | 57.50% | 4.10% |
39 | 15 | |||
| National Democratic Alliance | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 8,547,014 | 29.77% | 3.05% |
0 | 10 | ||
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 1,455,899 | 5.07% | 2.07% |
0 | 4 | |||
| Total | 10,002,913 | 34.84% | 0.98% |
0 | 14 | |||
| Independents | 947,938 | 3.30% | 2.05% |
0 | | |||
| Other Parties (13 parties) | 2,228,212 | 4.36% | 7.13% |
0 | 1 | |||
| Total | 28,714,515 | 100.00% | |
39 | | |||
| Valid Votes | 28,714,515 | 99.94% | ||||||
| Invalid Votes | 18,439 | 0.06% | ||||||
| Total Votes | 28,732,954 | 100.00% | ||||||
| Reigstered Voters/Turnout | 47,252,271 | 60.81% | 2.83% | |||||
†: Seat change represents seats won in terms of the current alliances, which is considerably different from the last election. Also the seat change for BJP, includes the merged party MADMK, who won 1 seat in the last election.
‡: Vote % reflects the percentage of votes the party received compared to the entire electorate that voted in this election. Adjusted (Adj.) Vote %, reflects the % of votes the party received per constituency that they contested.
Sources: Election Commission of India[2]
1999 vs. 2004 Alliance
| Coalition/Alliance | Parties contesting in Tamil Nadu from the Alliance in 1999 | Seats won in 1999 Election | Parties contesting in Tamil Nadu from the Alliance in 2004 | Seats won in 2004 Election | Swing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Democratic Alliance | -Bharatiya Janata Party (4) -Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (12) -Marumaralarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (4) -Pattali Makkal Katchi (5) -MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (1) |
26 | -Bharatiya Janata Party -All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |
0 | −26 |
| United Progressive Alliance* | Indian National Congress (2) All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (10) |
12 | -Indian National Congress (10) -Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (16) -Marumaralarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (4) -Pattali Makkal Katchi (5) |
35 | +23 |
| Left Front | Communist Party of India Communist Party of India (Marxist) (1) |
1 | Communist Party of India (2) Communist Party of India (Marxist) (2) |
4 | +3 |
- Note: UPA was not in existence in 1999, instead the number of seats won in 1999, represents the seats won by Indian National Congress and its allies.
- Note: INC affiliated parties, are parties that did not form an alliance or coalition with Congress party, but instead gave outside support.
- Note: Left front, whose parties were allies of DMK in Tamil Nadu, was not part of the UPA, in 2004, instead gave outside support.
| Category | DMK+ | AIADMK+ | Others |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 54% | 32% | 14% |
| Female | 49% | 39% | 12% |
| Locality | |||
| Rural | 50% | 35% | 15% |
| Urban | 57% | 36% | 7% |
| Social class | |||
| Very poor | 44% | 37% | 17% |
| Poor | 55% | 31% | 14% |
| Lower middle | 57% | 37% | 6% |
| Middle | 51% | 39% | 10% |
| Caste | |||
| Upper caste | 33% | 54% | 13% |
| Thevar | 50% | 47% | 3% |
| Vanniyars | 61% | 33% | 6% |
| Chettiyars | 47% | 30% | 23% |
| Gounders | 57% | 33% | 10% |
| Nadars | 57% | 36% | 7% |
| Lower OBCs | 55% | 33% | 12% |
| Chekkliyars, Pallars, etc. | 39% | 38% | 23% |
| other Dalits | 40% | 37% | 23% |
| Muslims | 78% | 11% | 11% |
| Tell me how good each of the leaders are for Tamil Nadu... | |||
| Rating | J. Jayalalithaa | M. Karunanidhi | |
| Bad | 51% | 2% | |
| Average | 31% | 33% | |
| Good | 11% | 39% | |
| Very good | 3% | 23% | |
| Do not know | 4% | 3% | |
Source: NES Election 2004 Analysis[3]
Source: The Hindu[4]
After the UPA victory in this election, Tamil Nadu was rewarded with 12 berths in Union Council of Ministers, with 6 cabinet berths, which is the most this state has ever received after an election. 7 of the Ministers were from DMK, 2 from PMK, while the rest were from Congress.
Cabinet Ministers
Ministers of State
- "The Hindu : Tamil Nadu News : Ayodhya one reason for quitting NDA, says Karunanidhi". Archived from the original on 13 September 2007. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - "Election Commission of India". Retrieved 2 October 2009.
- Thsks (20 May 2004). "The Hindu : State by State : Alliance effect, swing factor propelled DPA victory". Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 22 September 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
- "The Hindu : Tamil Nadu News : Tamil Nadu secures 12 berths". Archived from the original on 18 May 2008. Retrieved 11 December 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
- https://web.archive.org/web/20081218010942/http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp
- https://web.archive.org/web/20090304134828/http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf
- Website of Election Commission of India
- Volume I, 2004 Indian general election, 14th Lok Sabha
- Voters' fury against AIADMK[usurped]