The 44th Canadian Parliament is the session of the Parliament of Canada which began on 22 November 2021, with the membership of the House of Commons, having been determined by the results of the 2021 federal election held on 20 September. Parliament officially resumed on 22 November with the re-election of Speaker Anthony Rota, and the Speech from the Throne read by Governor General Mary Simon the following day.

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44th Parliament of Canada
Minority parliament
22 November 2021 – present
Parliament leaders
Prime Minister	Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau 4 Nov 2015 – present
Cabinet	29th Canadian Ministry
Leader of the Opposition	Hon. Erin O'Toole 24 Aug 2020 – 2 Feb 2022
	Hon. Candice Bergen 2 Feb 2022 – 10 Sep 2022
	Hon. Pierre Poilievre 10 Sep 2022 – present
Party caucuses
Government	Liberal Party
Opposition	Conservative Party
Recognized	Bloc Québécois
	New Democratic Party
	Independent Senators Group*
	Canadian Senators Group*
	Progressive Senate Group*
Unrecognized	Green Party
* Only in the Senate.
House of Commons
Speaker of the Commons	Hon. Anthony Rota 5 December 2019 – 27 September 2023
	Louis Plamondon (interim) 27 September 2023 – 3 October 2023
	Hon. Greg Fergus 3 October 2023 – present
Government House Leader	Hon. Mark Holland 26 October 2021 – 26 July 2023
	Hon. Karina Gould 26 July 2023 – present
Members	338 MP seats List of members
Senate
Seating arrangements of the Senate
Speaker of the Senate	Hon. George Furey 3 December 2015 – 12 May 2023
	Hon. Raymonde Gagné 12 May 2023 – present
Government Senate Rep.	Hon. Marc Gold 24 January 2020 – present
Opposition Senate Leader	Hon. Don Plett 5 November 2019 – present
Senators	105 senator seats List of senators
Sovereign
Monarch	Elizabeth II 6 Feb 1952 – 8 Sep 2022
	Charles III 8 Sep 2022 – present
Governor General	HE Rt. Hon. Mary Simon 26 July 2021 – present
Sessions
1st session 22 November 2021 – present
← 43rd → 45th

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It is led by a Liberal Party minority government under the premiership of Justin Trudeau. Six months into the first session on 22 March 2022 it was announced that the New Democratic Party would henceforth support the government with confidence and supply measures.^[1][2] The support was contingent on the government implementing a pharmacare program and a dental care program. The temporary Canada Dental Benefit was established in December 2022, and the permanent Canadian Dental Care Plan began rolling out in December 2023.^[3][4]

With the Liberal Party and NDP entering into a confidence and supply agreement on budgetary items and motions of confidence, the final component of the 2021 budget (Bill C-8) was adopted in June 2022. Among other provisions, Bill C-8 enacted the Underused Housing Tax Act, created a new tax credit to return carbon tax paid by farmers, created the COVID-19 Air Quality Improvement Tax Credit, and expanded both the School Supplies Tax Credit and the northern residents deduction amount.^[34] Similarly, the 2022 budget was implemented in Bills C-19 and C-32. Among other provisions, Bill C-19 doubled the Home Accessibility Tax Credit, created the Labour Mobility Deduction for tradespeople, made vaping products subject to excise duties, removed excise duties from low-alcohol beer, removed the excise duty exemption that had applied to Canadian wine as directed by the WTO, and amended the Copyright Act as agreed to in the Canada-United States–Mexico Agreement, and criminalized Holocaust denial. Bill C-19 also enacted the Civil Lunar Gateway Agreement Implementation Act; the Prohibition on the Purchase of Residential Property by Non-Canadians Act; and the Select Luxury Items Tax Act to create a new sales tax applicable to luxury cars, planes and boats; and also repealed the Safe Drinking Water for First Nations Act.^[35] Bill C-32 created the First Home Savings Account as a new registered savings plan and the Multigenerational Home Renovation Tax Credit; made income derived from house-flipping into business income for taxation purposes; created a temporary 15% tax on the taxable income of banks that exceeded $1 billion; and, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, increased maximum financial assistance that can be provided to foreign states from US$5 billion to C$14 billion.^[36] In other legislation, Bill C-11 adopted the Online Streaming Act and Bill C-18 adopted the Online News Act.

On healthcare, the Canada Dental Benefit was created with Bill C-31 with the Liberals, NDP and Green Party in support, and Conservatives and Bloc opposed.^[37] With all party support, Bill C-10 directed $2.5 billion be paid for COVID testing purposes; Bill C-12 amended guaranteed income supplements to exclude payments received from the Emergency Response Benefit, the Recovery Benefit and the Worker Lockdown Benefit.^[38][39] With both the NDP and Conservatives opposing, Bill C-2 enacted the Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit Act and extended various other COVID-related benefit programs.^[40] On public safety and crime, with all party support, Bill C-3 inserted a new offence into the Criminal Code regarding intimidation of a person seeking health services and obstruction of lawful access to a place at which health services are provided.^[41] Bill C-28 was adopted in response to R v Brown (2022) addressing self-induced extreme intoxication.^[42]

• 2021 Canadian federal budget
• 2022 Canadian federal budget
• 2023 Canadian federal budget
• Affordable Housing and Groceries Act, Bill C-56
• Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet of the 44th Parliament of Canada
• Online Streaming Act, Bill C-11
• Women in the 44th Canadian Parliament