Alain_VIII,_Viscount_of_Rohan

House of Rohan

House of Rohan

Breton noble family

For other uses, see Rohan.

The House of Rohan (Breton: Roc'han) is a Breton family of viscounts, later dukes and princes in the French nobility, coming from the locality of Rohan in Brittany. Their line descends from the viscounts of Porhoët and is said to trace back to the legendary Conan Meriadoc. Through the Porhoët family, the Rohans are related to the Dukes of Brittany, with whom the family intermingled again after its inception. During the Middle Ages, it was one of the most powerful families in the Duchy of Brittany. The Rohans developed ties with the French and English royal houses as well, and they played an important role in French and European history.

Quick Facts House of Rohan Maison de Rohan, Parent house ...

The only surviving line of the family is the branch of Rohan-Rochefort, Dukes of Montbazon, Dukes of Bouillon and Austrian Princes of Rohan, who migrated in the early 19th century to what is now Austria.[1][2]

Following his marriage in 1645 with Marguerite de Rohan, only daughter of Henri II de Rohan, first Duke of Rohan (who died in 1638 with no male heir), Henri Chabot, a descendant of the eldest branch of the House of Chabot from Poitou, was made Duke of Rohan in 1648 and allowed to use the name of Rohan-Chabot instead of his own, thus giving rise to the House of Rohan-Chabot.[3][4]

Origins

The family of Rohan claimed descent from the first kings of Brittany, and even from the legendary ruler Conan Meriadoc.[5]

The Rohans were descended from the Viscounts of Porhoët. According to J.-P. Soubigou, the first known viscount, Guethenoc (fl. 1028), was probably Viscount of Rennes as well and connected to the nobility of the Loire region, but he could have belonged to a Breton line holding estates around Josselin, where he built a castle.[6]

Guethenoc's son Josselin I († 1074) took part in the Norman Conquest of England. He was granted lands in Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Gloucestershire, as well as the town of Caerwent. He was the father of Mainguy, Bishop of Vannes, and Odo I, Viscount of Porhoët, Rohan and Guéméné († after 1092), who married Anne of Léon and had several sons – Geoffrey, who inherited the viscounty of Porhoët, and Alain I the Black (1084-1147), Viscount of Rohan and Castelnoec (fl. 1127), who built the castle of Rohan and was the first member of the House of Rohan.[2]

History

Rohan estates in the 15th century (black hatching)

From the 12th century to the 15th century, the Rohans kept securing and increasing their estates through marriages, acquisitions, inheritances, bequests and exchanges. Thus they became rivals of the Dukes of Brittany all through the Middle Ages, according to their interest, sometimes carrying out the most important charges of the Duchy faithfully, sometimes rebelling, as John II of Rohan did in the last years of Breton independence. The "great viscount", then more powerful than ever, controlled nearly 200,000 Bretons on about a fifth of the Breton territory.[7] The heart of the viscounty of Rohan is made of the rohannais triangle[8] (the three large fortresses of La Chèze, Josselin and Pontivy) whose center is the village of Rohan, the family's nominal fief whose castle is abandoned in favor of the other three.[9]

To counter the power of the immense fiefs of the Rohan and Rieux families, which divided the Armorican peninsula into two equal parts, the Breton dukes denied them access to the coasts[10] and blocked them in the eastern part of the duchy through the fortresses of the Marches of Neustria#Breton March, whose main strongholds were Rennes and Nantes.[11] The Rohans, then unpopular in a very Breton-tradition environment, were neutralized for the time being, and struck back only with the French army's direct support during the campaign of 1487 in the French-Breton War, which was marked by internal divisions among the barons of Brittany (Rohan, Rieux, Laval...) who constantly changed sides.[12] In winter 1487–1488, John II was encircled by the ducal troops: his strongholds of La Chèze, Josselin, Rohan and Pontivy fell one after another in March 1488. The viscount was still coveting the ducal crown for his son but failed. In 1491, the marriage between Anne of Brittany and Charles VIII initiated the annexation of the duchy to the French crown, a union that was permanently ratified in 1532.

The Rohan family married several times into the Breton ducal family, the last time in 1407.

Henry II of Rohan chose Pontivy as the capital city of his fief. The chief of the Protestant party during Marie de' Medici’s regency Louis XIII’s reign, he was one of the greatest captains of his time.[13]

In the 17th century, members of the Rohan family began to use their genealogy and their power at the French Court to obtain the rank of prince étranger, thus coming second after the princes du sang before all dukes and peers. Their aim was to prove that the former Kings of Brittany effectively ruled and that the Rohans are directly descended from them.

These two assertions were difficult to establish at the time and are not used in the 21st-century historiography.[14] The Rohans then applied themselves to giving credence to this version through historians such as Dom Morice, but also through favour, forcing and violating history if needed. The Rohans had to force their claims through thanks to forged evidence (a common practice in these aristocratic families in the Ancien Régime).

This operation remained uncertain, the Dukes and peers of France being watchful, and the Rohans secured their position through other means: alliances with other families of princes étrangers exclusively (Lorraine, La Tour d'Auvergne and Condé), elevation of their estates into principalities, legally or not (Guéméné, Soubise, Lordship of Léon), accession to the Bishopric of Strasbourg, giving them the rank of Prince of the Empire, and the use of royal favor and their closeness to the kings (Louis XIV and Madame de Soubise, Louis XV and the Marshal of Soubise, Louis XVI and Madame de Marsan, governess of the Children of France).

In spite of attacks from rival families, the Rohans managed to base their power and impose their historical and genealogical views, which provided them with positions allowing them to secure their power and credit at Court. The greatest closeness to the King was then acquired and could not be questioned any more.

Descent tree

The family of Rohan has a long documented history, with close ties to the Dukes of Brittany.

More information Descent tree of the main branches ...
More information Main family tree of the House of Rohan ...

For more detailed branches, see below.

Branches of the House of Rohan

Rohan-Guéméné branch

Arms of the Rohan-Guéméné branch.

This branch was descended (c. 1375) from John I (1324-1396), Viscount of Rohan, and his wife Joan of Évreux (a.k.a. Joan of Navarre) (1339-1409).

It is named after the town of Guémené-sur-Scorff (Morbihan).

This branch of Rohan-Guéméné still exists through its junior branch, the Rohan-Rochefort family.

More information Rohan-Guéméné branch ...

Rohan-Rochefort branch

Arms of the Rohan-Rochefort branch

This family is a junior branch of the Rohan-Guéméné branch through Charles de Rohan-Guémené, a.k.a. Charles de Rohan-Rochefort (1693-1766), who took the title of Prince of Rochefort.

The family of Rohan-Rochefort, which migrated to Austria in the early 19th century, is nowadays the last remaining branch of the House of Rohan. It holds the genuine titles of Duke of Montbazon (1588, France), Duke of Bouillon (1816, Congress of Vienna), Prince of Rohan and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire with the style of Serene Highness (Durchlaucht), confirmed in 1808 by Emperor Francis II for all the members of the family. The head of the family was (since 1861) a hereditary member of the House of Lords of Austria.

More information Rohan-Rochefort branch ...

Rohan-Soubise branch

Arms of the Rohan-Soubise branch.

This family descended from the Rohan-Guéméné branch in 1630, with the estates of Soubise (in Poitou) and the Parc-Soubise (in Mouchamps, Vendée) coming from the Rohan-Chabot family through an alliance between the two branches.

Charles de Rohan-Soubise, a.k.a. the Marshal of Soubise (1715-1787), Prince of Soubise and Marshal of France, and his daughter Charlotte Godefride Élisabeth de Rohan-Soubise (1737-1760), wife of the Prince of Condé Louis V Joseph de Bourbon-Condé (1736-1818), belonged to this branch of the family.

From 1717 onward, the head of this branch was styled Duke of Rohan-Rohan. For Hercule Mériadec de Rohan-Soubise (1669-1749), the estate of Frontenay-l'Abattu (département of Deux-Sèvres, Poitou) was erected in 1717 into a pairie-duché called the Duchy of Rohan-Rohan, to differentiate it from the title of Duke of Rohan held by the House of Rohan-Chabot.

This branch became extinct in the Rohan-Guéméné family in 1807.

More information Rohan-Soubise branch ...

Rohan-Gié branch

Arms of the Rohan-Gié branch.

This family is descended from the Rohan-Guéméné branch in 1541. It is named after the town of Gyé-sur-Seine (Aube).

Peter II of Rohan-Gié (†1525) married in 1517 Anne of Rohan (1485-1529) heiress of the eldest branch, and through this marriage became Viscount of Rohan, Lord of Léon and Count of Porhoët. His son, René of Rohan-Gié (1516-1552) married in 1534 Isabeau of Albret, a.k.a. Isabeau de Navarre (1512-1570) and was the father of René II, Viscount of Rohan and Lord of Léon († 1586) head of the Protestant party in France.[2]

This branch became extinct in 1638 with Henry II of Rohan first Duke of Rohan (1603), who married Marguerite de Béthune (1595-1660), daughter of Maximilien I de Béthune-Sully (1559-1641). His only daughter Marguerite de Rohan (1617-1684) married in 1645 Henri Chabot (1615-1655) and gave birth to the Rohan-Chabot family.

More information Rohan-Gié branch ...

Rohan-Gué-de-l'Isle branch

Arms of the Rohan-Gué-de-l'Isle branch.

The Rohan-Gué-de-l’Isle branch is a junior branch said to be descended (c. 1270) from Alan VI (1232-1304), Viscount of Rohan, and his second wife Thomasse of La Roche-Bernard (c. 1245 - after 1304). It is named after the estate of Saint-Étienne-du-Gué-de-l'Isle (Côtes-d'Armor).

The branch was extinct around 1530.

More information Rohan-Gué-de-l'Isle branch ...

Rohan-Polduc branch

Armes d'Emmanuel de Rohan-Polduc.

Also called Rohan-Pouldu. This little-known branch is a junior branch of the Rohan-Gué-de-l'Isle branch and appeared around 1500. It was named after the estate of Pouldu near Pontivy (nowadays Saint-Jean-Brévelay). Its best-known member is Emmanuel de Rohan-Polduc, Magister Magnus of the Knights Hospitaller from 1775 to 1797.

The branch became extinct in 1800.

  • John II of Rohan-Gué-de-l'Isle (?-1517), married (1500) Guillemette Malor'
    • Tristan de Rohan-Gué-de-l'Isle (Tristan de Rohan-Polduc), married Alix de Brebant
      • Louis de Rohan-Polduc (?-1584), married (1577) Michelle de L'Hospital
        • Samsonne de Rohan-Polduc, married François Josset
        • Jérôme de Rohan-Polduc, married (1610) Julienne Le Métayer
          • Anne de Rohan-Polduc, married (1638) Jean de Coëtlagat
          • Isaac de Rohan-Polduc, married (1638) Aliénor de Kerpoisson

Rohan-Montauban branch

Arms of the Rohan-Montauban family.

This branch is said to be descended from Josselin of Rohan, son of Alan III, Viscount of Rohan and his second wife Françoise de Corbey around 1185, but its filiation has not been proven. It became extinct around 1494. Named after the estate of Montauban-de-Bretagne near Rennes. Several Seneschals and Marshals of Brittany belonged to this branch.

This branch became extinct in the Rohan-Guéméné branch in 1494.

House of Rohan-Chabot

The House of Rohan-Chabot is the eldest branch of the Chabot family, from Poitou. It is descended from the House of Rohan in female line through the marriage of Marguerite de Rohan (1617-1684) (only daughter and heiress of Henry II, Duke of Rohan) with Henri Chabot (1616-1655), from the eldest branch of the Chabot de Jarnac family, in 1645. Henri Chabot was created Duke of Rohan in 1648 by Louis XIV, and his descendants bear the name Rohan-Chabot.

Portraits

Notable members

Several members of the Rohan-Guéméné family migrated to Sychrov Castle in northern Bohemia, then part of the Austrian Empire, and were naturalized. After this branch became extinct in 1846, the princes of Rohan-Rochefort younger branch inherited the properties in Bohemia but were deprived of them in 1945, following the Beneš decrees. They also inherited the titles Serene Highness, Prince of Rohan, Prince of Guéméné, Prince of Rochefort and Prince of the Holy-Roman-Empire (in Austria until 1919), Duke of Rohan-Rohan, Duke of Montbazon with the Peerage of France attached to it, and Duke of Bouillon.

There were three Grand Almoners of France, eight Knights of the Order of the Holy Spirit, two Marshals of France, and three members of the Académie française in the family.

Clergy

Soldiers

Politicians

Others

Arms

Former arms
Modern arms

The mascles on the arms of the House of Rohan refer to crystal twinnings, which are large crystals of chiastolite (andalusite) that develop in Ordovician schists. They are almost square-sectioned prisms. These stones, which were called appelées pendant des siècles "mascles", abound in the Salles de Rohan, so much that the Viscounts of Rohan, stricken by their beauty and the likeness with the lozenge, put seven mascles or on their coat of arms; their descendants added two more in the middle of the 16th century.[100]

Former arms

Used by Geoffrey of Rohan between 1216 and 1222: gules, seven mascles or, 3, 3, 1.

Modern arms

Used by Henry I of Rohan between 1552 and 1575. The change from the old arms to the modern ones can be explained by the change of the shape of shields from the 14th century: the base is now flat, not pointed, and the empty space is filled by two new mascles.

Motto

A plus: battle cry which may mean “without more”, that is to say, without superior, reminding the Rohans’ claim to be the second most important Breton noble family after the Ducal family, or “even more”, which would be an invitation to always surpass themselves[101] is Alan IX’s personal motto, often attributed to the whole family. It is symbolized by the letter A topped with a Ducal crown accompanying the mascles on the coat of arms.[102]

Another, apocryphal motto, modelled on that of the House of Coucy, is often attributed to the Rohans: Duc je ne daigne, Roi je ne puis, Prince de Bretaigne, de Rohan je suis (Duke I will not, King I cannot, Prince of Brittany, of Rohan I am) or more often: Roi ne puis, duc ne daigne, Rohan suis (King I cannot, Duke I will not, Rohan I am).[103] Roland Barthes will use this model in a joke:[104] Then all writers will say: “Insane I cannot, Sane I will not, neurotic I am.”.

Another motto: Rather dead than soiled (Latin: Potius mori quam foedari) which is the motto of the old Dukes of Brittany, the Rohans having been their heirs presumptive since 1532 and the treaty of perpetual Union between Brittany and France.

Titles

Hôtel de Rohan (rue Vieille-du-Temple, Paris)

The members of the Rohan family were first styled viscount of Porhoët, the viscount of Rohan and were granted the following titles:

  • Comte de Montbazon (1566)
  • Prince de Guéménée (1570)
  • Duchesse de Loudun (1579) title held in her lifetime by Françoise de Rohan, daughter of René I of Rohan[105]
  • Duc-pair de Montbazon (1588 et 1594)
  • Duc de Rohan (1603)
  • Comte de Montauban (1611)
  • Duc-pair de Frontenay (1626, not recorded)
  • Prince de Soubise (erected in 1667 but not recorded)
  • Duc de Rohan-Rohan (1714, extinct 1787)
  • Comte de l'Empire (1808)
  • Pair de France (1814)
  • Pair héréditaire (1815)
  • Duc pair (1817)
  • Prince du Saint-Empire and Serene Highness (Austria 1808 and 1830)
  • Duc de Bouillon (1814 and 1816 through succession of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne)

The family's many branches held the titles of Prince de Léon, Prince de Montauban, Prince de Rochefort, etc. although none of these titles were genuinely created.[106]

Estates

Josselin Castle
Pontivy Castle
Château des Rohan in Mutzig, Alsace (completed in 1673)
Hôtel de Rohan-Soubise, Paris (completed in 1705)
Palais Rohan in Strasbourg, Alsace (completed in 1742)
Palais Rohan in Bordeaux, Aquitaine (completed in 1774)
Château des Rohan in Saverne, Alsace (completed in 1790)
Palais Rohan in Vienna, Austria (completed in 1864)

See also

Sources

Notes and references

  1. [1]
    Fernand de Saint-Simon, Etienne de Séréville, Dictionnaire de la noblesse française, 1975, p. 869.
  2. [2]
    Henri Jougla de Morenas Raoul de Warren, Grand Armorial de France, vol. 6, p. 45, read online.
  3. [3]
    Fernand de Saint-Simon, Etienne de Séréville, Dictionnaire de la noblesse française, 1975, p. 870.
  4. [4]
    Henri Jougla de Morenas, Raoul de Warren, Grand Armorial de France, vol. 2, p. 366 read online.
  5. [5]
    Jean-Yves Copy, ‘’Art, société et politique au temps des ducs de Bretagne’’, Aux Amateurs de livres, 1986, p. 1118.
  6. [6]
    J.-P. Soubigou, "Le Léon dans la Bretagne des Xe-XIe siècles", Annales de Bretagne, no 120-4, 2013, p. 14.
  7. [7]
    Yvonig Gicquel, Alain IX de Rohan, 1382-1462, Éditions Jean Picollec, 1986, p. 212
  8. [8]
    The rohannais triangle corresponds to the Rochefort-Malestroit-Elven triangle of the House of Rieux.
  9. [9]
    Yvonig Gicquel Alain IX de Rohan, 1382-1462, Éditions Jean Picollec, 1986, p. 102.
  10. [10]
    In the north, the castle of Guingamp which covered Tréguier and Paimpol; the castles of the Léguer valley (Tonquédec castle, Coat-an-Noz castle) which covered Lannion
  11. [11]
    Alain Guillerm, Fortifications et marine en Occident, L'Harmattan, 1994, p. 92.
  12. [12]
    Nicolas Martin, La France fortifiée : châteaux, villes et places fortes, Nathan, 1990, p. 70.
  13. [13]
    Jean-Loup Avril, Mille Bretons : dictionnaire biographique, Les Portes du Large, 2002, p. 387.
  14. [14]
    Jean-Paul Soubigou, "Le Léon dans la Bretagne des Xe-XIe siècles", Annales de Bretagne, no 120-4, 2013, p. 14.
  15. [15]
    Daughter of Alan, 1st Earl of Richmond (1095–30/03/1146), Count of Penthièvre and Avaugour, Lord of Guingamp, and Bertha, Duchess of Brittany (c. 1114–1154).
  16. [16]
    Daughter of Raoul II of Fougères (?–24/07/1257), Baron of Fougères, Grand Seneschal of Brittany, crusader, and Joan of Dol.
  17. [17]
    Daughter of Alan of Vitré, a.k.a. Alan II of Dinan (1155 – before 1197), Lord of Vitré, Southern-Dinan and Bécherel, Seneschal of Brittany, and Clemencia of Fougères (c. 1175–1252).
  18. [18]
    Daughter of Odo III of Porhoët (1148–1234), Viscount of Porhoët, and Eleanor of Léon (c. 1165–?).
  19. [19]
    Daughter of Joscelin of La Roche-Bernard and Mahaut of Montfort (c. 1214–1279), Lady of Montfort(-sur-Meu) and Boutavant.
  20. [20]
    Daughter of Thibaut II of Rochefort (c. 1260 – after 1327), Lord of Rochefort, Châteauneuf-d'Ille-et-Vilaine and Assérac, Viscount of Donges, and Anne of Neuville (c. 1265 – after 1327).
  21. [21]
    Daughter of Peter V of Rostrenen (c. 1270–1347), Lord of Rostrenen, and Anne du Pont (c. 1280–?).
  22. [22]
    Daughter of Harvey VII, Lord of Léon (?–1343), Lord of Noyon-sur-Andelle, and Margaret of Avaugour, Lady of Noyon-sur-Andelle.
  23. [23]
    Daughter of Oliver V of Clisson (23/04/1336 in Clisson – 23/04/1407), Lord of Clisson, Viscount of Porhoët, Lord of Blain, Josselin, Belleville, Montaigu, La Garnache, Yerrick and Beauvoir, Baron of Pontchâteau, Grand Constable of France, and Catherine of Montmorency-Laval (c. 1335 – before 1378), Lady of Villemomble.
  24. [24]
    Daughter of John IV of Montfort a.k.a. John IV “the Conqueror” of Brittany (1339–09/11/1399 in Nantes), Duke of Brittany, Count of Montfort-l'Amaury and Earl of Richmond, and Joan of Évreux a.k.a. Joan of Navarre (1370-09/07/1437).
  25. [25]
    Daughter of Francis of Montfort-Laval a.k.a. Guy XIV of Laval (28/01/1406–02/09/1486 in Châteaubriant), 1st Count of Laval, Viscount of Rennes, Baron of Vitré, Viscount of Rennes, Lord of Châtillon, dAcquigny, Aubigné, Courbeveille, Montfort(-sur-Meu), Gaël, Baron of La Roche-Bernard, Lord of Tinténiac, Bécherel and Romillé, Castellan of La Brétesche, Lord of Lohéac, and La Roche-en-Nort, and Isabella of Montfort a.k.a. Isabelle de Dreux (1411–14/01/1443), Queen of Sicily.
  26. [26]
    Son of Louis I of Valois-Orléans (13/03/1372 in Paris – 23/11/1407 in Paris), Duke of Touraine and Orléans, Count of Dreux, and Valentina Visconti (1366–1408 in Blois), Countess of Asti.
  27. [27]
    Son of Giles of Montmorency-Laval a.k.a. Gilles I of Laval-Loué (?–06/08/1556), Viscount of Brosse, Lord of Loué, Benais, Montsabert, Marcillé, Le Parvis and Bressuire, Baron of Pontchâteau, and Françoise of Maillé (c. 1493–?), Viscountess of Brosse, Baroness of Pontchâteau, Lady of Maillé, La Rochecorborn, La Haye and La Motte-Sainte-Heraye.
  28. [28]
    Son of John III of Rieux (16/06/1377–08/01/1431), Lord of Rieux and Rochefort, Baron of Ancenis, Viscount of Lord of Assérac, Lord then Baron of Malestroit, and Joan of Harcourt (11/09/1399–03/03/1456).
  29. [29]
    Son of Charles of Dinan (?–1418), Lord of Montafilant and Châteaubriant, and Joan of Beaumanoir.
  30. [30]
    Son of Charles II of Albret (1407–1741), Count of Dreux, and Anne of Armagnac (1402 – before 1473).
  31. [31]
    Beatrice of Rohan was betrothed to Gilles de Rais but the marriage contract was not followed up for some unknown reason, maybe Beatrice's death (Cazacu, Matei (2005), Gilles de Rais (in French), Paris: Tallandier, p. 54, ISBN 2-84734-227-3.).
  32. [32]
    Daughter of Antoine I of Lorraine the Victorious (1396–22/03/1458), Count of Vaudémont and Duke of Guise, Lord of Joinville, and Marie of Harcourt (1398–1476).
  33. [33]
    Daughter of Francis of Montfort a.k.a. Francis I of Brittany (11/05/1414 in Vannes – 18/07/1450 in Vannes), Duke of Brittany, Count of Montfort-l'Amaury, and Isabella Stuart a.k.a. (c. 1426–1494).
  34. [34]
    Son of Charles of Valois a.k.a. Charles II “the Magnanimous” of Alençon (1297–26/08/1346), Count of Chartres, Perche and Alençon, et de María de La Cerda (1310–13/03/1379).
  35. [35]
    Son of Ingelger I of Amboise (?–1373), Lord of Amboise and Berrie, and Isabella of Thouars, Countess of Dreux and Benon.
  36. [36]
    Daughter of John of Châteaubriant (? – after 1380), Lord of Portric and La Marousière, and Marie of Montrelais.
  37. [37]
    Daughter of Philip III of Évreux a.k.a. Philip III of Navarre (27/03/1306–16/09/1343), Count of Évreux, King of Navarre, and Joan of France a.k.a. Jeanne II de Navarre (18/01/1311–06/10/1349), Queen of Navarre.
  38. [38]
    Daughter of John of Montauban (1412–1466), Admiral of France, and Anne of Keranrais.
  39. [39]
    Daughter of Francis I of Rieux (11/08/1418–20/11/1458), Lord of Rieux and Rochefort, Baron of Malestroit, Count of Harcourt, Lord of Assérac, Viscount of Donges, Councillor and Chamberlain of Francis I of Brittany, Knight of the Order of the Ermine, Chamberlain of the Dauphin Louis XI, and Joanna of Rohan (1415 – after 1459) (cited in the tree).
  40. [40]
    Son of John VIII of Maure (?–1529), Lord of Maure, and Marie du Plessis-Angier (?–1497).
  41. [41]
    Son of Hardouin IX of Maillé (1415–1487), Baron of Maillé, and Antoinette of Chauvigny (c. 1428–20/04/1473), Lady of Brosse.
  42. [42]
    Daughter of Nicolas of Montfort-Laval a.k.a. Guy XVI de Laval (01/10/1476-20/05/1531), Count of Laval and Montfort(-sur-Meu), Baron of Quintin, Lord of Tinténiac, Bécherel, Aubigné, Montfort, Gaël, Beaumanoir, Le Guildo and Comper, and Anne of Montmorency (c. 1497–29/06/1525).
  43. [43]
    Daughter of Guy of Rieux (?–12/02/1591), Lord of Châteauneuf, Viscount of Donges, Governor of Brest, and Madeleine of Espinay (?–27/09/1597).
  44. [44]
    Daughter of Charles d'Avaugour (?–1608), Count of Vertus, Goëlo, Viscount of Saint-Nazaire, Baron of Avaugour and Ingrandes, Lord of Clisson, Champtoceaux and Montfaucon, and Philippa of Saint-Amadour, Viscountess of Guiguen, Lady of Thouaré and La Touche-Limouzinière.
  45. [45]
    Daughter of Henry III of Lenoncourt (?–1584), Lord of Lenoncourt, and Françoise of Montmorency-Laval (?–1614).
  46. [46]
    Daughter of Henri de Schomberg (1575 in Paris – 1632 in Bordeaux), Count of Nanteuil-le-Haudouin and Durtal, Duke of Halluin, and Anne de La Guiche (?–1663).
  47. [47]
    Daughter of Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes (1620–1690), Duke of Luynes, Duke of Chevreuse, Prince of Léon, and Anne de Rohan-Guéméné (1640–1684) (cited in the tree).
  48. [48]
    Daughter of Charles de Cochefilet, Count of Vauvineux.
  49. [49]
    Son of François Léonor de Créquy (?–30/10/1721), Baron of Frohans, and Marie Antoinette de Schouteeten, Lady of Robermez and Ardennes.
  50. [50]
    Daughter of Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d’Auvergne (1641–1721), Duke of Bouillon, and Marie Anne Mancini (1649 in Rome – 1714 in Paris).
  51. [51]
    Daughter of Charles Godefroy de La Tour d'Auvergne (11/07/1706 in Paris – 24/12/1771 in Issou), Duke of Bouillon, Grand Chamberlain of France, and Marie-Charlotte Sobieska (1697–1740).
  52. [52]
    Daughter of François Victor Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (17/04/1686–07/01/1743 in Issy-les-Moulineaux), Marquis of Fontenay-Trésigny, Lord of Villebert, Breteuil, Mesnil-Chassemartin, Chapelles, Villenavotte and Palaiseau, Baron of Boitron and Preuilly, and Marie Anne Angélique Charpentier d'Ennery (1689–1760).
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    Daughter of Charles Edward Stuart (31/12/1720-31/01/1788), and Clementina Walkinshaw (1720–1802).
  54. [54]
    Son of Honoré d'Albert (?-06/02/1592), and Anne de Rodulf.
  55. [55]
    Son of Henri de Lorraine a.k.a. Henri I de Guise Scarface (31/12/1550-23/12/1588 in Blois), Duke of Guise, Prince of Joinville, and Catherine de Clèves a.k.a. Catherine de Nevers (1548 in Paris – 11/05/1633 in Paris), Countess of Eu, Princess of Château-Renault.
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    Daughter of Claude I d'Avaugour (1581 in Thouaré-sur-Loire – 06/08/1637 in Paris), Count of Vertus and Goëlo, Viscount of Saint-Nazaire, Baron of Avaugour and Ingrandes, Lord of Clisson, Champtoceaux and Montfaucon, and Catherine Fouquet de La Varenne (1590-10/05/1670).
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    Son of Charles d'Albert (05/08/1578 in Pont-Saint-Esprit – 15/12/1621 in Longueville), Marquis of Albert, Duke of Luynes, Grand Constable of France, Peer of France, and Marie Aimée de Rohan-Guéméné (December 1600 in Coupvray – 12/08/1679), Duchess of Luynes and Chevreuse (cited in the tree).
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    Son of Claude of Espinay (c. 1552 – after 1584), Larquis of Espinay, Count of Durtal, and Françoise of La Rochefoucauld.
  59. [59]
    Daughter of Henry III of Lenoncourt
  60. [60]
    Daughter of René II of Montmorency-Laval (?-1557), Viscount of Bresteau, Lord of Saint-Aubin, Coudrayes, Boisdauphin, Aulnay, Louaillé, Saint-Mars, La Mousse, Rouperreux, Saint-Georges, Rofay and Maugasteau, and Catherine of Baif.
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    Son of Giles of Montmorency-Laval a.k.a. Giles II of Laval-Loué (? – December 1559), Viscount of Brosse, Lord of Loué, Benais, Montsabert, Marcillé, Parvis, Bressuire, Maillé, La Rochecorborn, La Haye and La Motte-Sainte-Heraye, and Louise of Sainte-Maure (? – after 1549), Countess of Nesle and Joigny.
  62. [62]
    Son of Giles II of Laval-Montmorency
  63. [63]
    Son of Hardouin IX of Maillé
  64. [64]
    Son of Oliver IV of Clisson (c. 1300-09/08/1343 in Paris), Lord of Clisson and Blain, Baron of Pontchâteau, and Jeanne de Montaigu a.k.a. Jeanne de Belleville (c. 1300-1359), heiress of Belleville-sur-Vie, Montaigu, Palluau and La Garnache.
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    Daughter of Harvey VI, Lord of Léon, Lord of Léon, Châteauneuf-en-Thymerais and Hacqueville, and Matilda of Poissy (?–1290), Lady of Radepont and Noyon-sur-Andelle.
  66. [66]
    Son of John of Kergolay (? – after 1303), Lord of Kergolay, and Alix of Avaugour, Lady of Frinandour.
  67. [67]
    Son of Oliver du Pont a.k.a. Oliver I of Pontchâteau]] (? – after 1126), Baron of Pontchâteau, and his wife Agnes.
  68. [68]
    Son of Guihomar IV, Viscount of Léon (after 1130-11/09/1179), Lord of Léon, and his wife Nobilis.
  69. [69]
    Daughter of William II of Montfort (?-1235), Lord of Montfort(-sur-Meu) and Boutavent, and Nina of Rostrenen.
  70. [70]
    Daughter of Philip III of Navarre
  71. [71]
    Daughter of John of Montauban
  72. [72]
    Fille de François Ier de Rieux
  73. [73]
    Son of John VIII of Maure
  74. [74]
    Daughter of Nicholas of Montfort-Laval
  75. [75]
    Daughter of Guy of Rieux
  76. [76]
    Daughter of Charles of Avaugour
  77. [77]
    Daughter of Henry III de Lenoncourt
  78. [78]
    Daughter of Henri de Schomberg
  79. [79]
    Daughter of Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes
  80. [80]
    Daughter of Charles de Cochefilet
  81. [81]
    Son of François Léonor de Créquy
  82. [82]
    Daughter of Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne
  83. [83]
    Daughter of Charles-Godefroy de La Tour d'Auvergne
  84. [84]
    Daughter of François Victor Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
  85. [85]
    Daughter of Charles Edward Stuart
  86. [86]
    Son of Honoré d'Albert
  87. [87]
    Son of Henri de Lorraine
  88. [88]
    Daughter of Claude I d'Avaugour
  89. [89]
    Son of Charles d'Albert
  90. [90]
    Son of Claude d'Espinay
  91. [91]
    Daughter of Henri III de Lenoncourt
  92. [92]
    Daughter of René II de Montmorency-Laval
  93. [93]
    Son of Gilles II de Laval-Montmorency
  94. [94]
    Daughter of Jacques d'Armagnac-Nemours
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    Daughter of Claude I of Avaugour
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    Daughter of Josselin of La Roche-Bernard
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    B. Galimard Flavigny (2006) p. 317-319
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    Bulletin de la Société héraldique et généalogique de France, 1879, p. 275 read online.
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