An antimonumento was installed adjacent the Antimonumenta, in the Plaza de Armas, both opposite the State Government Palace, in Guadalajara, Jalisco. The sculpture was installed by human rights groups commemorating the protests of 4, 5 and 6 June 2020, when demonstrators were repressed violently by the state police while they were protesting the death of Giovanni López the previous month.^[1]

The artwork was installed on 5 June 2023 and was never given an official name; it is known as Antimonumento 5J, Antimonumento 5 de Junio, or simply 5J. It features a number five placed above a letter J, both painted red. Hours later, during the night, authorities removed the sculpture citing that its placement was unauthorized. Subsequently, judges ordered the monument be reinstalled but the state refused for civil protection reasons. The installers placed a smaller replica the following month.

During the night of 4 May 2020, Giovanni López (c. 1990–4 or 5 May 2020), a bricklayer, was arrested outside his family's house in the municipality of Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos, Jalisco, by police officers for allegedly not wearing a face mask during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico and assaulting officers while resisting arrest. Giovanni's brother, Christian, recorded the arrest, which shows the officers taking him alive in the police van while insulting his family. Enrique Alfaro Ramírez, the state governor, made the use of face masks mandatory.^[2]

His brother contacted the municipal president, Eduardo Cervantes, who asked them to pick Giovanni up the next day at the police station. There they were informed that Giovanni had been transferred to the Guadalajara Civil Hospital where they were notified of his death.^[3] Giovanni died of a head blunt trauma and had a gunshot in one leg.^[2] The family complained to Cervantes who offered them Mex$200,000 (US$9,136)^[4] to prevent the video from being published. According to the family, they refused the payment and received death threats if the video was made public.^[3][5]

On 25 May 2020, George Floyd was murdered by a Minneapolis, Minnesota, police officer in the United States. His death sparked protestes in and outside the country, including Mexico, due to the persistent cases of police brutality.^[6] After Floyd's murder, and inspired by the similar circumstances in which his brother died, Christian sent the video to the media on 1 June.^[7] The video became viral and protests sparked on 4 June in Guadalajara, the capital city of Jalisco.^[2] Demonstrators took to the streets of the historic center of the city, where they vandalized the State Government Palace and clashed with police officers, who repressed the protest with tear gas and arrested 26 people.^[5] Alfaro (elected under the Citizens' Movement party) attributed the protests to the Federal Government and the Mexico City Government (both governed by the ruling National Regeneration Movement party), saying they sought to destabilize his government.^[8]

The next day, demonstrators gathered to demand the release of the detainees. However, riot groups without their uniforms began arresting the protesters arbitrarily; witnesses said they used electric shocks and threatened to hand them over to the cartels. Officially, 16 people were arrested, but witnesses reported at least 80 arrests.^[9] Alfaro said that some agents of the prosecutor's office were colluding with organized crime groups and that the agents involved disobeyed orders and acted on their own. The state arrested 11 agents because of it, according to the authorities.^[8]

The following day, protesters occupied the streets, calling for the agents to free the demonstrators and provide an explanation on the whereabouts of up to 38 detainees who were reported as forcibly disappeared. Alfaro offered a public apology and ordered the release of all detainees,^[10][11] while some disappeared had been abandoned on the edge of the city the previous night.^[12] The event was baptized as the "Halconazo tapatío" referencing the 1971 massacre called "El Halconazo", as paramilitary groups without uniforms arbitrarily assassinated demonstrators in Mexico City.^[13]

During a demonstration commemorating the "Halconazo tapatío" on 5 June 2023, various collectives placed an anti-monument at the Plaza de Armas, on the opposite side of the State Government Palace and next to the Antimonumenta, another anti-monument placed to symbolize the demand for justice for women who suffer from violence in the country.^[14][15]

The sculpture is a red metal piece^[14] that stands 3.4 m (11 ft) tall^[16] and weighs more than 300 kg (660 lb).^[17] It alludes to the 5 June protest through the inclusion of a number five above the letter J.^[1] At the foot of the sculpture, it includes an aluminum plaque with the following text translated from Spanish:

"Although the CNDH [National Human Rights Commission] and the FGR [Attorney General of Mexico] took over the case, the serious human rights violations have not been properly investigated, nor has the damage been repaired. We hold the government of Jalisco responsible for the facts, pointing out that disappearances and impunity in the state continue to exist".^{[lower-alpha 1]}

The collectives regretted that the FGR declared itself incompetent in the event and the CNDH determined that there were no forced disappearances or torture cases. The collective #5deJunioMemoria said that Giovanni's case was not isolated and police brutality in the nation is systematic and widespread. They also reported that since the event, the authorities have not taken action following Alfaro's statement of infiltration by organized crime people.^[18]

At 11:40 p.m. the same day, the lights in the plaza were turned off and a group of men arrived aboard a pickup truck. They removed the sculpture with sledgehammers.^[19] The following morning, Alfaro confirmed that he had ordered the removal of the monument, together with Pablo Lemus Navarro [es], the municipal president of Guadalajara, because it lacked permits for its installation. Lemus said that if the sculpture owners requested it, the government would return it. The collectives criticized the removal and described it as an unprecedented act of repression.^[17] The sculpture was stored in a warehouse in Guadalajara and later sent to the Poncitlán Regional Civil Protection and Fire Department because of its size.^[20]

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