Bangkok_Mass_Transit_Master_Plan

Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region

Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region

Thai urban rail transit system


The Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, or M-Map, is the latest version in a series of Thai government plans for the development of an urban rail transit network serving the Greater Bangkok area. It was drafted under the care of the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) of the Ministry of Transport.

Quick Facts Bangkok Mass Rapid Transit System, Overview ...

Lavalin Skytrain Project

Main article: Lavalin Skytrain

Lavalin Skytrain project map

Lavalin Skytrain Project is the earliest mass rapid transit plan of Bangkok to solve the traffic congestion in Bangkok during 1970s. The project feasibility study was conducted by Thai Government with the association from West Germany Government in 1971 which led to establishment of Expressway Authority of Thailand under Clause 39 of the Announcement of the Revolutionary Council Decree 290 dated 27 November 1972 (B.E.2515) to responsible for planning and construction of expressway and mass rapid transit projects. The finalised version of the project consisted of three light rail transit lines which are Sathorn Line, Rama IV Line, and Saphan Phut Line, with the depot located in Huai Khwang district (current location of Phra Ram 9 depot of MRT Blue Line). The project was expected to begin in 1981 and be completed in 1986. However, due to the 1979 oil crisis, Lavalin Skytrain project was shelved as the estimated costs were doubled.

The project was revised under the government of General Prem Tinsulanonda in 1984 and entered the bidding process with three participating companies being Asia-Euro Consortium (comprising AEG, Siemens, MAN, and Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi),[2] SNC-Lavalin , and Franco-Japanese Consortium. The project was awarded to SNC-Lavalin, and the contracts for a 30-year operating concession and construction were signed in May 1990 at Queen Sirikit National Convention Centre.

However, after two years of construction, In June 1992, The project was terminated by the government of Anand Panyarachun . The government stated that SNC-Lavalin failed to sign a shareholders agreement by a specified and the Thai government refused requests for overseas loan and investment guarantees.[3] Outside of Thailand, numerous international media sources suggested politics played in its demise.

The abandoned viaduct in the middle of the Phra Pok Klao Bridge now serves as the Chao Phraya Sky Park.

Today, There are two remainings from the construction of Lavalin Skytrain project: the abandoned viaduct in the middle of Phra Pok Klao Bridge (now converted into Chao Phraya Skypark),[4] and a reserved space in the middle of Sathorn Bridge (currently used by Silom Line).

Early versions (Old plans)

Mass Rapid Transit Systems Master Plan (MTMP)

The first version of the plan, endorsed by the cabinet on 27 September 1994 and to be implemented from 1995 to 2011, consisted of an extension of 135 kilometres (84 mi) to the three systems already in progress (the MRT Blue Line, the Sukhumvit and Silom lines of the BTS Skytrain and the Bangkok Elevated Road and Train System (BERTS)), which would have had a combined length of 103 kilometres (64 mi).[5]

Urban Rail Transportation Master Plan in Bangkok and Surrounding Areas (URMAP)

Following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis and the cancellation of the BERTS, a system totalling 375 kilometres (233 mi) to begin in 2001 was proposed, to be developed in three stages: 141.9 kilometres (88.2 mi) during 2001–11, 158.2 kilometres (98.3 mi) during 2012–21 and 75.3 kilometres (46.8 mi) from 2022 onwards.[5]

Bangkok Mass Transit Master Plan (BMT)

Due to the slow progress of development following URMAP, a new plan was drafted consisting of 475.05 kilometres (295.18 mi) of rail in addition to the then-completed MRT Blue Line, the Sukhumvit and Silom BTS lines, the MRT purple line, and the Airport Rail Link to undergo rapid development during 2010–29. The plan was approved by the cabinet in 2016, and consisted of the following extensions:

  •     Light Green Line: North–south extension of the BTS to Khu Khot and Kheha Samut Prakan
  •     Dark Green Line: West extension of the BTS to Yot Se
  •     Blue Line: Extension of the MRT Blue Line to complete a quasi circle line with a branch to Lak Song
  •     Purple Line: South extension to Rat Burana is under construction
  •     Orange Line: Running east–west Min Buri to Bang Khun Non
  •     SRT Dark Red Line: Running north–southwest from Rangsit to Krung Thep Aphiwat to Maha Chai
  •     SRT Light Red Line: running east–west from Hua Mak to Sala Ya
  •     Airport Rail Link: North extension to Don Mueang

M-Map development

Original M-Map (2010)

The M-Map details plans for additional rapid transit lines in Bangkok Metropolitan Region.

The first M-Map plan was endorsed by the Commission for the Management of Land Traffic in 2010.[6] It designated eight primary routes, consisting of two commuter rail lines, an airport rail link, and five rapid transit lines, as well as five feeder lines. The routes, totaling 555.74 kilometres (345.32 mi), were to be constructed within a development period of twenty years (2010–29). They were:[7]

More information Primary lines, Rapid transit type ...

Development would be divided into three stages, in addition to those lines already open or under construction.[8]

M-Map 2 (2017)

The 2010 M-Map did not reflect more recent changes to the priority of constructing new rapid transit lines in Bangkok. While the Orange, Yellow and Pink lines received approval in the years that followed, the Grey and Light Blue lines remained unapproved at the time of the next M-Map. In March 2017, the Minister of Transport announced the development of the Second Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (M-Map 2).[9] The Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) was the main agency responsible for this master plan's development, with technical assistance from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).[10]

The initial project materials listed the following lines as part of the plan:[11]

More information Primary lines, Rapid transit type ...

In 2019, JICA released a Proposed M-MAP2 Blueprint study, outlining "key policy directions and measures based on which the M-MAP2 will be developed by the Thai Government".[12] The Department of Rail Transport, OTP's successor agency for rail transport planning, is in the process of completing M-Map 2.[13] [14]

Lines outside of M-Map 2

As of 2022, the Grey and Light Blue line projects remain unapproved; however, the MRT Brown Line project, which will link Nonthaburi Civic Center with the Lam Sali intersection between Ramkhamhaeng and Srinagarindra roads, has gained cabinet approval. Additionally, a Gold Line along Charoen Nakhon road that starts at Krung Thonburi, partially funded by property developer Siam Piwat, has been operational outside of the M-Map framework since 2020 and is planned to be further extended towards the Memorial Bridge, linking it with the Purple Line extension that runs through the bridge's surrounding area.

More information Rapid transit type, Line ...

Overview

Line Name Commencement Last extension Next extension Terminus Length

(km)

Stations Track Gauge Depot Signalling Power Supply Owner Operator(s)
Commuter rail
Dark Red Line 29 November 2021; 2 years ago (2021-11-29)[lower-roman 1] - January 2028[lower-roman 2] Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal Rangsit 22.5 km (14.0 mi) 10 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+38 in) • Bang Sue ETCS Level 1 25 kV AC 50 Hz, overhead line State Railway of Thailand S.R.T. Electrified Train
Light Red Line February 2028[lower-roman 3] Taling Chan 14.93 km (9.28 mi) 4
Airport rail link
Airport Rail Link 23 August 2010; 13 years ago (2010-08-23)[lower-roman 4] - 2027[lower-roman 5] Phaya Thai Suvarnabhumi 28.17 km (17.50 mi) 8 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) • Khlong Tan Fixed-block Siemens LZB 700M 25 kV AC 50 Hz, overhead line State Railway of Thailand Previous: S.R.T. Electrified Train
Current: Asia Era One
Rapid Transit
Sukhumvit Line 5 December 1999; 24 years ago (1999-12-05)[lower-roman 6] 16 December 2020; 3 years ago (2020-12-16)[lower-roman 7] TBA Khu Khot Kheha 51.17 km (31.80 mi) 47 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) • Khu Khot
• Bang Pu
Previous: Fixed-block Siemens LZB 700M ATC
Current: Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 450 CBTC
750 V DC, Third Rail Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Bangkok Mass Transit System
• Mo Chit
Silom Line 8 February 2021; 3 years ago (2021-02-08)[lower-roman 8] National Stadium Bang Wa 13.09 km (8.13 mi) 14
• Bang Wa sub-depot
Blue Line 3 July 2004; 19 years ago (2004-07-03)[lower-roman 9] 23 December 2019; 4 years ago (2019-12-23)[lower-roman 10] Tha Phra Lak Song 46.91 km (29.15 mi) 38 • Huai Khwang
• Phetkasem
Fixed-block Siemens LZB 700M ATC Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand Bangkok Expressway and Metro
Purple Line 6 August 2016; 7 years ago (2016-08-06)[lower-roman 11] - March 2027[lower-roman 12] Khlong Bang Phai Tao Poon 20.92 km (13.00 mi) 16 • Khlong Bang Phai
• Kru Nai (under construction)
Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 650 CBTC
Monorail
Pink Line 21 November 2023; 6 months ago (2023-11-21)[lower-roman 13][lower-roman 14] - 2025[lower-roman 15] Nonthaburi Civic Centre Min Buri 33.9 km (21.1 mi) 30 - • Min Buri Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 650 CBTC 750 V DC, Third Rail Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand Bangkok Mass Transit System
Yellow Line 3 June 2023; 12 months ago (2023-06-03)[lower-roman 16] 19 June 2023; 11 months ago (2023-06-19)[lower-roman 17] - Lat Phrao Samrong 28.62 km (17.78 mi) 23 • Si Udom
People Mover
Gold Line 16 December 2020; 3 years ago (2020-12-16)[lower-roman 18] - TBA Krung Thon Buri Khlong San 1.67 km (1.04 mi) 3 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) • Krung Thon Buri Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 650 CBTC 750 V DC, Third Rail Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Bangkok Mass Transit System
Total 261.88 km (162.72 mi) 189 [lower-roman 19]

Future plans

Line Name Name Planned

opening date

Terminus Length

(km)

Stations Status Owner
Commuter rail
Dark Red Line Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) to Ban Pachi Junction Section TBA Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) Ban Pachi Junction 22 km (14 mi) 9 Planning State Railway of Thailand
Hua Lamphong to Mahachai Section Hua Lamphong Mahachai 34.76 km (21.60 mi) 20
Mahachai to Pak Tho Section Mahachai Pak Tho 78 km (48 mi) 17
Rangsit to Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) Section January 2028 Rangsit Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) 10.3 km (6.4 mi) 4 To be tendered
Missing Link Section TBA Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal Hua Lamphong 7.71 km (4.79 mi) 5 Approved
Light Red Line Hua Mak 18.2 km (11.3 mi)
Taling Chan to Salaya Section with two additional stations; Rama 6 and EGAT stations February 2028 Taling Chan Salaya 12.64 km (7.85 mi) 6 To be tendered
Taling Chan to Siriraj Section Siriraj 5.86 km (3.64 mi) 3
Hua Mak to Chachoengsao Section TBA Hua Mak Chachoengsao 40 km (25 mi) 10 Planning
Salaya to Nakhon Pathom Section Salaya Nakhon Pathom 29 km (18 mi) 6
Ractchaprarop to Mae Nam Section Ratchaprarop Mae Nam 6 km (3.7 mi) 3
Airport rail link
Airport Rail Link Don Mueang–Suvarnabhumi–U-Tapao high-speed railway (Phaya Thai to Don Mueang section) 2029 Phaya Thai Don Mueang 20.31 km (12.62 mi) 2 Approved State Railway of Thailand
Rapid Transit
Sukhumvit Line Lam Luk Ka Extension TBA Khu Khot Eastern Ring Road Lam Luk Ka 7.8 km (4.8 mi) 4 Postponed Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand
Tamru Extension Kheha Tamru 10.1 km (6.3 mi) 4
Infill station between Ari and Saphan Khwai stations Sena Ruam (N6) - 1 Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
Silom Line Yot Se Extension National Stadium Yot Se 1.2 km (0.75 mi) 1 Planning
Taling Chan Extension Bang Wa Taling Chan 7.94 km (4.93 mi) 7
Taling Chan to Bang Rak Noi Thai It Section Taling Chan Bang Rak Noi Tha It 8.60 km (5.34 mi) 7
Blue Line Putthamonthon Sai 4 Extension Lak Song Putthamonthon Sai 4 8.3 km (5.2 mi) 4 Postponed Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand
Purple Line MRT Purple Line Southern Section March 2027 Tao Poon Kru Nai 22.78 km (14.15 mi) 17 Under construction
Orange Line MRT Orange Line Eastern Section 2026 Thailand Cultural Centre Yaek Rom Klao 21 km (13 mi) 17
MRT Orange Line Western Section 2029 Bang Khun Non Thailand Cultural Centre 13.1 km (8.1 mi) 11 To be retendered
Bang Khun Non to Taling Chan Section TBA Taling Chan Bang Khun Non 4.4 km (2.7 mi) 1 Approved
Light Rapid Transit
Silver Line Bang Na - Suvarnabhumi light rail project TBA Bang Na Suvarnabhumi Airport South Terminal 20 km (12 mi) 14 Postponed Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

(to be transferred to Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand)

Monorail
Pink Line Impact Arena Spur Line 2025 Muang Thong Thani Lake Muang Thong Thani 2.65 km (1.65 mi) 2 Under construction Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand
Brown Line MRT Brown Line 2028 Nonthaburi Civic Centre Yaek Lam Sali 21 km (13 mi) 20 Approved
Yellow Line Ratchayothin Extension TBA Lat Phrao Ratchayothin 2.5 km (1.6 mi) 2 Shleved
Grey Line Grey Line Northern Section Thong Lo Vatcharaphol 16.25 km (10.10 mi) 15 Postponed Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

(to be transferred to Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand)

Grey Line Southern Section Phra Khanong Tha Phra 20.2 km (12.6 mi) 24
Khlong Si Extension Vatcharaphol Khlong Si 10.87 km (6.75 mi) 5 Planning
Light Blue Line Light Blue Line project Pracha Songkro Chong Nonsi 9.5 km (5.9 mi) 9 Planning
People Mover
Gold Line Prachadhipok Extension TBA Khlong San Prachadhipok 1.2 km (0.75 mi) 1 Postponed Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
Total 491.67 km (305.51 mi)[lower-roman 20] 229[lower-roman 21]

Rolling Stock

Name Manufacturer Family Name Line Cars (per train) No. of trainsets Speed Limit Service

Commencement

Image
1000 Series Japan Hitachi Rail A-train Dark
Red
Line
Light Red Line 6-car 15 Dark Red Line: 145 km/h (90 mph)

Light Red Line: 120 km/h (75 mph)

29 November 2021; 2 years ago (2021-11-29)
2000 Series 4-car 10
Class 360 Germany Siemens Desiro Airport Rail Link 3-car 5 145 km/h (90 mph) 23 August 2010; 13 years ago (2010-08-23)
4-car 4
A1 Germany Siemens Modular Metro Sukhumvit Line Silom Line 35 80 km/h (50 mph) 5 December 1999; 24 years ago (1999-12-05)
A2 Germany Siemens / Turkey Bozankaya - 22 6 December 2018; 5 years ago (2018-12-06)
B1 Canada Bombardier Transportation / China CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles MOVIA 12 December 2010; 13 years ago (2010-12)
B2 5 29 November 2013; 10 years ago (2013-11-29)
B3 China CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles - 24 30 November 2019; 4 years ago (2019-11-30)
IBL

(Initial Blue Line)

Germany Siemens Modular Metro Blue Line 3-car 19 3 July 2004; 19 years ago (2004-07-03)
BLE

(Blue Line Extension)

- 35 29 July 2019; 4 years ago (2019-07-29)
S24 Japan Japan Transport Engineering Company (J-TREC) Sustina Purple Line 21 6 August 2016; 7 years ago (2016-08-06)
Innovia Monorail 300 Canada Bombardier Transportation / China CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Innovia Pink Line 4-car 30 21 November 2023; 6 months ago (2023-11-21)
Yellow Line 28 3 June 2023; 12 months ago (2023-06-03)
Innovia APM 300 Gold Line 2-car 3 16 December 2020; 3 years ago (2020-12-16)

Overall map

Compilation of plans, proposals, under construction, and operational lines and stations.

Notes

  1. Krung Thep Aphiwat - Rangsit & Krung Thep Aphiwat - Taling Chan
  2. Rangsit - Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus)
  3. Taling Chan - Salaya & Taling Chan - Siriraj
  4. Phaya Thai - Suvarnabhumi
  5. Phaya Thai - Don Mueang Airport (expected)
  6. Mo Chit - On Nut & National Stadium - Saphan Taksin
  7. Wat Phra Si Mahathat - Khu Khot
  8. Saint Louis station
  9. Bang Sue - Hua Lamphong
  10. Sirindhorn - Tha Phra
  11. Khlong Bang Phai - Tao Poon
  12. Tao Poon - Kru Nai
  13. Nonthaburi Civic Centre - Min Buri
  14. Trial run. Officially open on 1 February 2024; 4 months ago (2024-02-01)
  15. Mueang Thong Thani - Lake Muang Thong Thani
  16. Hua Mak - Samrong
  17. Phawana - Lat Phrao
  18. Krung Thon Buri - Khlong San
  19. Counted paid-to-paid area interchange station only once
  20. excluded Ratchayothin extension
  21. excluded Ratchayothin extension

References

  1. "นิวไฮ! 25 ส.ค. ฝนตก-ศุกร์สิ้นเดือน ผู้โดยสารระบบรางพุ่ง 1.75 ล้านคน".
  2. cnplus (1990-05-24). "25May90 THAILAND: ASIA-EURO CONSORTIUM MAY SUE THAI GOVT". Construction News. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
  3. Voraakhom, Kotchakorn (10 November 2022). "Chao Phraya Sky Park". world-architects.com. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
  4. เส้นทางปรับแผนรถไฟฟ้า. Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region website (in Thai). Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning. Archived from the original on 2 January 2011. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  5. Hoonsara, Samatcha; Jeerawan Prasomsap (9 February 2010). "Commission approves new Skytrain routes". The Nation. Archived from the original on 2011-02-21. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  6. แผนแม่บทระบบขนส่งมวลชนทางรางในเขตกรุงเทพฯและปริมณฑล พ.ศ.2553-2572 [Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region] (PDF) (in Thai). Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  7. ความก้าวหน้าโครงการ. Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region website (in Thai). Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  8. "แนะนำโครงการ-M-MAP" (PDF). Department of Rail Transport.



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