Božanov
Božanov
Municipality in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Božanov (German: Barzdorf) is a municipality and village in Náchod District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
Božanov | |
|---|---|
General view | |
| Coordinates: 50°31′37″N 16°9′5″E | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Hradec Králové |
| District | Náchod |
| First mentioned | 1256 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 19.23 km2 (7.42 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 405 m (1,329 ft) |
| Population (2023-01-01)[1] | |
| • Total | 378 |
| • Density | 20/km2 (51/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 549 74 |
| Website | www |
The hamlet of Studená Voda is an administrative part of Božanov.
The name is derived from the personal name Božan. First, the local stream was named Božanův potok (Božan's stream), and the name of the stream was then transferred to the settlement.[2]
Božanov is located about 19 km (12 mi) northeast of Náchod and 26 km (16 mi) south of the Polish city of Wałbrzych, on the border with Poland. It lies in the Broumov Highlands, in the Broumovsko Protected Landscape Area. The highest point is the Koruna hill at 769 m (2,523 ft) above sea level. The village of Božanov is situated in the valley of the Božanovský potok stream.
The first written mention of Božanov is from 1256. It belonged to the Broumov estate, owned by the Benedictines. The hamlet of Studená Voda was founded in 1784. Božanov was a prosperous agricultural village for centuries, but due to industrialization in the second half of the 19th century, there was a decrease in the population, who moved to the surrounding larger towns.[3]
About 95% of the population was German-speaking in 1930. In 1938, Božanov was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of Reichsgau Sudetenland. After World War II, the German-speaking population was expelled and the municipality was resettled by Czechs from inland.[3]
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| Source: Censuses[4][5] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality. In the municipality is the pedestrian border crossing Studená Voda / Radków with Poland.
The main landmark of Božanov is the Church of Saint Mary Magdalene. It was built in the Baroque style in 1735–1740 according to the design by architect Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer. For its value it has been protected as a national cultural monument since 2022.[6]
- Profous, Antonín (1947). Místní jména v Čechách I: A–H (in Czech). p. 152.
- "Historie" (in Czech). Obec Božanov. Retrieved 2023-07-21.
- "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Náchod" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 1–2.
- "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
- "Kostel sv. Máří Magdalény" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-07-21.
