Cytochrome P450 1B1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CYP1B1 gene.^[5]

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CYP1B1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3PM0
Identifiers
Aliases	CYP1B1, CP1B, CYPIB1, GLC3A, P4501B1, cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1, ASGD6
External IDs	OMIM: 601771 MGI: 88590 HomoloGene: 68035 GeneCards: CYP1B1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2p22.2 Start 38,066,973 bp[1] End 38,109,902 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17|17 E3 Start 80,008,966 bp[2] End 80,022,490 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in pericardium synovial joint trigeminal ganglion spinal ganglia synovial membrane superficial temporal artery hair follicle urethra trachea seminal vesicula Top expressed in renal corpuscle cumulus cell ciliary body vas deferens ankle joint external carotid artery ankle molar epididymis ovary More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function iron ion binding oxygen binding metal ion binding heme binding oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen oxidoreductase activity aromatase activity oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen monooxygenase activity Cellular component organelle membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle membrane endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion Biological process toxin metabolic process steroid metabolic process retina vasculature development in camera-type eye cellular response to organic cyclic compound epoxygenase P450 pathway endothelial cell-cell adhesion omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway angiogenesis cellular aromatic compound metabolic process sterol metabolic process response to toxic substance visual perception blood vessel morphogenesis trabecular meshwork development negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process retinal metabolic process endothelial cell migration nitric oxide biosynthetic process retinol metabolic process cell adhesion negative regulation of cell population proliferation positive regulation of apoptotic process positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin xenobiotic metabolic process cellular response to hydrogen peroxide membrane lipid catabolic process retinal blood vessel morphogenesis positive regulation of angiogenesis positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress arachidonic acid metabolic process negative regulation of cell migration estrogen metabolic process collagen fibril organization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1545 13078 Ensembl ENSG00000138061 ENSMUSG00000024087 UniProt Q16678 Q64429 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000104 NM_009994 NM_001364889 RefSeq (protein) NP_000095 NP_034124 NP_001351818 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 38.07 – 38.11 Mb Chr 17: 80.01 – 80.02 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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CYP1B1 belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and other lipids. The enzyme encoded by this gene localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and metabolizes procarcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 17beta-estradiol.

Despite over 20 years of research on CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, CYP1B1 was not identified and sequenced until 1994. Nucleic and amino acid analysis showed approximately 40% identity with CYP1A1. Despite this similarity, these two enzymes have very different catalytic efficiencies and metabolites when incubated with common substrates, such as retinoic acid and arachidonic acid. Recently CYP1B1 has been shown to be physiologically important in fetal development, since mutations in CYP1B1 are linked with a form of primary congenital glaucoma.

CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 are regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, a ligand activated transcription factor. They are part of the Phase I reactions of drug metabolism.

Mutations in this gene have been associated with primary congenital glaucoma; therefore it is thought that the enzyme also metabolizes a signaling molecule involved in eye development, possibly a steroid.^[5]