Cobalt(II)_bromide

Cobalt(II) bromide

Cobalt(II) bromide

Chemical compound

Cobalt(II) bromide (CoBr2) is an inorganic compound. In its anhydrous form, it is a green solid that is soluble in water, used primarily as a catalyst in some processes.

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Properties

When anhydrous, cobalt(II) bromide appears as green crystals. It is hygroscopic and eventually forms the hexahydrate in air,[1] which appears as red-purple crystals. The hexahydrate loses four water of crystallization molecules at 100 °C forming the dihydrate:

CoBr2·6H2O → CoBr2·2H2O + 4 H2O

Further heating to 130 °C produces the anhydrous form:

CoBr2·2H2O → CoBr2 + 2 H2O

The anhydrous form melts at 678 °C.[2][3] At higher temperatures, cobalt(II) bromide reacts with oxygen, forming cobalt(II,III) oxide and bromine vapor.

The tetrahydrate is molecular, with the formula trans-[CoBr2(H2O)4].[4]

Preparation and reactions

Cobalt(II) bromide can be prepared as a hydrate by the reaction of cobalt hydroxide with hydrobromic acid:

Co(OH)2 + 2HBr → CoBr2·6H2O

The classical coordination compound bromopentaamminecobalt(III) bromide is prepared by oxidation of an aqueous solution of cobalt(II) bromide and ammonia.[5]

2 CoBr2 + 8 NH3 + 2 NH4Br + H2O2 → 2 [Co(NH3)5Br]Br2 + 2 H2O

Triphenylphosphine complexes of cobalt(II) bromide have been used as a catalysts in organic synthesis.[citation needed]

Safety

Exposure to large amounts of cobalt(II) can cause cobalt poisoning.[6] Bromide is also mildly toxic.

References

  1. [1]
    Perry, Dale L. (2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds (2nd ed.). Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis. p. 130. ISBN 978-1-4398-1461-1. OCLC 587104373.
  2. [2]
    Cobalt Bromide Supplier & Tech Info American Elements
  3. [3]
    WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements
  4. [4]
    Waizumi, Kenji; Masuda, Hideki; Ohtaki, Hitoshi (1992). "X-ray Structural Studies of FeBr2·4H2O, CoBr2·4H2O, NiCl2·4H2O and CuBr2·4H2O. Cis/Trans Selectivity in Transition Metal(II) Dihalide Tetrahydrate". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 192 (2): 173–181. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)80756-2.
  5. [5]
    Diehl, Harvey; Clark, Helen; Willard, H. H.; Bailar, John C. (1939). "Bromopentamminocobalti Bromide". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 1. p. 186. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch66. ISBN 978-0-470-13232-6.
  6. [6]
    "Cobalt Bromide (OUS)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-25. Retrieved 2008-04-10.
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