The Deutsche Reichsbahn's Class 05 was a German class of three express passenger steam locomotives of 4-6-4 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 2′C2′ h3 in the UIC notation used in continental Europe. They were part of the DRG's standard locomotive (Einheitslokomotive) series.

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Quick Facts DRG Class 05 DB Class 05, Type and origin ...

DRG Class 05 DB Class 05
05 002 at Brockhaus, 1938
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder Borsig Lokomotiv Werke (Hennigsdorf) Serial number 14552–14553, 14555 Build date 1935 (2), 1937 (1) Total produced 3
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-6-4  • UIC 2′C2′ h3  • German S 37.19 Driver Divided: inside cylinder on 1st, outside cylinders on 2nd Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) Leading dia. 1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in) Driver dia. 2,300 mm (90+1⁄2 in) Trailing dia. 1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in) Tender wheels 1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in) Wheelbase: ​  • Axle spacing (Asymmetrical) 2,350 mm (7 ft 8+1⁄2 in) + 2,200 mm (7 ft 2+5⁄8 in) + 2,550 mm (8 ft 4+3⁄8 in) + 2,550 mm (8 ft 4+3⁄8 in) + 2,250 mm (7 ft 4+5⁄8 in) + 2,000 mm (6 ft 6+3⁄4 in) *  • Engine 13,900 mm (45 ft 7+1⁄4 in)  • Tender 1,800 mm (5 ft 10+7⁄8 in) + 1,450 mm (4 ft 9+1⁄8 in) + 1,325 mm (4 ft 4+1⁄8 in) + 5,900 mm (19 ft 4+1⁄4 in)  • incl. tender 22,075 mm (72 ft 5+1⁄8 in) Length: ​  • Over headstocks 24,965 mm (81 ft 10+7⁄8 in)  • Over buffers 26,265 mm (86 ft 2 in) Height 4,550 mm (14 ft 11+1⁄8 in) Axle load 001–002: 19.2 t (18.9 long tons; 21.2 short tons) 003: 19.6 t (19.3 long tons; 21.6 short tons), later 18.6 t (18.3 long tons; 20.5 short tons) Adhesive weight 001–002: 57.6 t (56.7 long tons; 63.5 short tons) 003: 59.0 t (58.1 long tons; 65.0 short tons), later 56.0 t (55.1 long tons; 61.7 short tons) Empty weight 001–002: 118.5 t (116.6 long tons; 130.6 short tons) 003: 118.6 t (116.7 long tons; 130.7 short tons), later 114.0 t (112.2 long tons; 125.7 short tons) Service weight 001–002: 129.9 t (127.8 long tons; 143.2 short tons) 003: 129.5 t (127.5 long tons; 142.7 short tons), later 124.0 t (122.0 long tons; 136.7 short tons) Tender type 001–002: 2′3 T 37 St 003: 2′3K T 35, later 2′3 T 38.5 Fuel type Coal (Coal dust for 003 1937–1944) Fuel capacity 001–002: 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons) 003: 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons), later 12 t (12 long tons; 13 short tons) Water cap. 001–002: 2′3 T 37 St 003: 2′3K T 35, later 2′3 T 38.5 37 m3 (8,100 imp gal; 9,800 US gal) Firebox: ​  • Grate area 001–002: 4.7 m2 (51 sq ft) 003: 4.40 m2 (47.4 sq ft) Boiler: ​  • Pitch 3,170 mm (10 ft 4+3⁄4 in)  • Tube plates 001–002: 7,000 mm (22 ft 11+5⁄8 in) 003: 5,500 mm (18 ft 1⁄2 in)  • Small tubes 001–002: 70 mm (2+3⁄4 in), 106 off 003: 54 mm (2+1⁄8 in), 137 off  • Large tubes 001–002: 171 mm (6+3⁄4 in), 24 off 003: 143 mm (5+5⁄8 in), 35 off Boiler pressure 20 bar (20.4 kgf/cm2; 290 psi) (reduced to 16 bar (16.3 kgf/cm2; 232 psi) in 1950) Heating surface: ​  • Firebox 001–002: 18.5 m2 (199 sq ft) 003: 22.66 m2 (243.9 sq ft)  • Tubes 001–002: 151.3 m2 (1,629 sq ft) 003: 123.52 m2 (1,329.6 sq ft)  • Flues 001–002: 86.2 m2 (928 sq ft) 003: 81.72 m2 (879.6 sq ft)  • Total surface 001–002: 256.0 m2 (2,756 sq ft) 003: 227.95 m2 (2,453.6 sq ft) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 001–002: 90.0 m2 (969 sq ft) 003: 81.9 m2 (882 sq ft) Cylinders Three Cylinder size 450 mm × 660 mm (17+11⁄16 in × 26 in) Valve gear Heusinger/Walschaerts
Performance figures Maximum speed Service: 175 km/h (109 mph) Test: 200.4 km/h (124.5 mph) Indicated power 001–002: 2,360 PS (1,740 kW; 2,330 hp) 003: 2,400 PS (1,770 kW; 2,370 hp)
Career Numbers 05 001 – 05 003 Retired 1958 Disposition One preserved, remainder scrapped
* For 05 003 in cab-forward configuation, values should be read in reverse order

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Since the success of the diesel high speed trains like the Flying Hamburger in the middle of the 1930s, the German locomotive industry turned to faster steam locomotives. After speed tests with a streamlined DRG Class 03 the Borsig locomotive factories^{[lower-roman 1]} produced three engines:

• 05 001 as streamlined in 1935
• 05 002 as streamlined in 1935; This engine broke the world speed record in 1936 at 124.5 mph (200.4 km/h)
• 05 003 as cab forward streamlined in 1937 ^[1]

The locomotives did regular service in FD express passenger trains, e.g. FD 23 from Hamburg to Berlin. The design speed was 175 km/h (109 mph). In 1944, the streamline plates were removed. 05 003 had been rebuilt and lost the cab forward design.

05 001 and 05 002 were mainly used for test runs from 1935 to 1936. Most of these runs were made on complete journeys between Hamburg and Berlin. On 7 June 1935 the 05 002 made a top speed of 191.7 km/h (119.1 mph) near Berlin. The same engine made six more runs with more than 177 km/h (110 mph) with trains up to 254 t (250 long tons; 280 short tons) weight. On 11 May 1936 it set the world speed record for steam locomotives after reaching 200.4 km/h (124.5 mph) on the Berlin–Hamburg line hauling a 197 t (194 long tons; 217 short tons) train. The engine power was more than 2,535 kW (3,399 ihp)). This record was broken two years later by the British LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard engine, on a slightly downhill line but with a heavier (240 ton) train. This record was set between Little Bytham and Essendine in South Lincolnshire.

On 30 May 1936 the 05 002 set an unbroken start stop speed record for steam locomotives: During the return run from a 190 km/h test Berlin-Hamburg it did the ~113 kilometres (70 miles) from Wittenberge to a signal stop before Berlin-Spandau in 48 min 32 s, meaning 139.4 km/h (86.6 mph) average between start and stop.

After World War II, the three engines came to the engine shop in Hamm, Westphalia. Since there were only three specimens of the 05, DB thought to scrap them. But then the engines were sent to Krauss-Maffei to be restored. 05 003 went into regular service in 1950, the other two in 1951. Boiler pressure was reduced to 16 bar or 230 psi, hence the engines lost some of their old power. All three locomotives were used to haul express trains until 1958.

Mostly the 05 hauled the FD (long-distance express) trains "Hanseat" and "Domspatz" on the run Hamburg - Cologne - Frankfurt. The regular top speed of the trains was 140 km/h (87 mph). On this 703 km (437 mi) run the 05 operated trains did the longest run with steam traction in the DB network. July 1958 the 05 were replaced by the diesel-hydraulic DB class V 200.

05 001 went to the Verkehrsmuseum Nürnberg, where it can be seen streamlined in large parts - the drivetrain on the right hand side remains visible - in its original red livery. The other two locomotives were scrapped in 1960.

• 05 001 on delivery
• The streamlined cab forward 05 003
• 05 001 in the Nuremberg Transport Museum