Enoch Train (1801 – 1868) was an American shipowner and merchant. He is known for establishing a successful packet service between Boston and Liverpool that later became known as the White Diamond Line.^[1] As detailed in the first full biography of Train, published in 2022, he also played a crucial role in the career of legendary shipbuilder, Donald McKay.^[2]

Enoch Train was born on May 2, 1801, in Weston, Massachusetts¹ to Enoch Train (1763-1805) and Hannah Ewing Train, daughter of a Scotch chaplain in British army. He was the fourth of five children but only the second one living, because his oldest sister, Harriette (1793-1797), had died in her fourth year and his older brother, also named Enoch (1795-1796), had died in his second year.^[3][4]

After the death of his father, Enoch's mother married Captain Levi Bishop in 1807 and they moved to Halifax, Vermont to be closer to her parents.^[5] Around this time, Enoch and his two surviving sisters apparently went to live with their uncle, Ephraim Train (their late father's brother), in Hillsborough, New Hampshire.^[2] Their mother the died in 1814,^[6] leaving Train as an orphan at the age of 13. Train moved to Boston a couple of years later to learn the hide and leather business from his cousin Samuel Train, Ephraim's son. Samuel took Enoch into partnership soon after his twenty-first birthday in 1822. Enoch gradually expanded the small shipping operation his cousin had established and by the 1830s had taken over the business, with multiple vessels trading with Cape Verde, Europe and South America.^[2][7][8]

On November 3, 1823, Enoch Train married Adeline C. Dutton in Hillsborough, New Hampshire. By 1824 they were living in Boston where their first child, Adeline, was born on September 15. She was followed by four more children, Theodore (1826–1847), George (1828-1828), Caroline (1830–1908), and Enoch (1833–1854). Adeline died on August 25, 1834, at the age of 31.^[9]

Train married Almira Cheever in 1835.^[10] They had one boy who died shortly after his birth in 1838. Almira lived until 1881.^[11]

Train was an active member of the Whig Party and was elected to public office twice: first, to the Boston Common Council in 1840, and second, to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1848.^[2][3]

On January 23, 1855, Leon Lewis, a newspaper editor whom Train had once loaned money to, visited Train at his home in Dorchester. Lewis informed Train he was armed with a Bowie knife and a revolver and demanded money from him. Train was able to summon help from two servants who grabbed Lewis and after a violent struggle subdued him and tied him up with bed-cord until the police arrived.^[2][12]

Train spent his later years in his wife's hometown of Saugus, Massachusetts.^[13]

By the time Enoch joined his firm, Samuel Train was already operating a small brig to trade with the Cape Verde islands for the raw hides and skins important for his leather-goods business. In the late 1820s, several years after he became a partner, Enoch added two more brigs to the shipping operation so that he could trade with Russia and other European countries. In 1834 Samuel retired from the firm, which then became known as Enoch Train & Co.^[2] Enoch made further upgrades to the firm's small fleet during the 1830s and early 1840s, replacing small brigs with larger ships, mostly built in shipyards on the Mystic River in nearby Medford, Massachusetts. During this period, he continued to trade with multiple European countries but switched to South America rather than Cape Verde as his source of skins and hides; his most notable ships were the Sterling, Forum, St. Petersburg, Governor Davis and Dorchester.^[2][14]

In 1844 Enoch Train established what later became known as the White Diamond Line^[1]—although it was not called that during the period he owned it^[2]—to provide a packet service between Boston and Liverpool. Initially he redeployed some of the freighters he had previously been using for trade with Europe, but over time he replaced them with new ships built specifically for service as transatlantic packets. For the first several years of its existence he used agents to represent the line in England, but in 1850 he established a branch office in Liverpool, where it was known as Train & Co.^[2][15]

Enoch Train saw the future of steam-powered ships and in 1855, along with James Bebee, Andrew Hall, Donald McKay, and George Upton, formed the Boston & European Steamship Company, ″for the purpose of navigating the ocean by steam″ .^[18] The venture never came to fruition, however, because it was unable to raise the substantial capital required to build its steamships,^[2]

1.^ Some sources incorrectly give Train's place of birth as Hillsborough, New Hampshire.^[8] Enoch and his two sisters appear to have been raised there by their uncle, Ephraim Train, brother of their deceased father, but Enoch was definitely born in Weston, Massachusetts.^[2]