2016-17

Kadıoğlu spent his early years with NEC. On 28 August 2016, he made his professional debut as a late substitute against AZ Alkmaar in 2-0 away lost. In his first professional year, he scored 4 goals and made 3 assists in 27 (9 in first eleven) Eredivisie matches. Nec finished season in 16th position and relegated to Eerste Divisie after playoff matches. He also played 3 relegation playoff matches.

2017-18

In his second professional year with the team, remained a key part of the squad. He scored 7 goals and made 12 assists in 34 (31 in first eleven) Eerste Divisie matches. Nec finished season in 3rd position but couldn't be promoted to Eredivisie after 2 matches against FC Emmen. He also played 3 promotion second round playoff matches.

2018-19

In July 2018, Kadıoğlu signed for Turkish Süper Lig club Fenerbahçe^[3] under Phillip Cocu, famous Dutch football manager of the club at the time. In his first season, he played mostly in Fenerbahçe U21 team and made his debut for the senior squad on December 20, 2018, coming off the bench in a Turkish Cup match against Giresunspor.^[4] He also played 11 matches with Fenerbahçe U21 in U21 Ligi.

2019-20

In following season he started to find more time in the senior squad and scored his first goal for Fenerbahçe on August 19, 2019 against Gaziantep, netting the final goal in a 5-0 victory.^[5]

2020-21

On his third season, after the signing of Erol Bulut, the new football manager for the club, he started to find more time in first team than in his first two seasons and became one of the key players who took more responsibility on the field.

2021-22

In the subsequent year, with changes in management, first under Vitor Pereira and then İsmail Kartal, he solidified his starter role. Despite his age, he consistently earned and played full 90-minute matches, showcasing his progress.

On March 17, 2022, Fenerbahçe announced to sign a four year contract with Ferdi Kadıoğlu until June 2026.^[6]

2022-23

In his fifth season, he emerged as a versatile player for Fenerbahçe and the Turkey national football team, occupying multiple positions in the first eleven (mainly LB and RB). Additionally, he earned the title of vice-captain for Fenerbahçe.

He finished the season with 4 goals and 5 assists across all competitions, amassing a total of 4175 minutes of playtime.

2023-24

In his sixth season, he made a very strong start with new coach and team's local legend İsmail Kartal.