French_submarine_Joule
French submarine Joule
Brumaire-class submarine
French submarine Joule (Q84) was a Laubeuf type submarine[1] of the Brumaire class, built for the French Navy prior to World War I.[2]
| History | |
|---|---|
 France | |
| Name | Joule |
| Namesake | James Prescott Joule |
| Ordered | 29 October 1906 |
| Builder | Arsenal de Toulon |
| Laid down | 1 November 1906 |
| Launched | 7 September 1911 |
| Commissioned | 10 May 1912 |
| Fate | Sunk in action 1 May 1915 |
| General characteristics (as built) | |
| Class and type | Brumaire-class submarine |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 52.15 m (171 ft 1 in) (o/a) |
| Beam | 5.42 m (17 ft 9 in) |
| Draft | 3.19 m (10 ft 6 in) |
| Installed power | |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range |
|
| Test depth | 40 m (130 ft) |
| Complement | 2 officers and 27 crewmen |
| Armament |
|
Joule was ordered by the French Navy as part of its 1906 programme and was laid down at the Toulon Naval Yard in November of that year. Work progressed slowly, and she was not launched until 7 September 1911. She was commissioned on 10 May 1912. Joule was equipped with licence-built M.A.N. diesel engines for surface propulsion, and electric motors for power while submerged. She carried eight torpedoes, two internally and six externally.[2] Joule was named for James Prescott Joule, the 19th century British physicist.[3]
At the outbreak of the First World War Joule was part of the French Mediterranean Fleet. In the spring of 1915 she was dispatched as part of a French task force to assist in the naval assault on the Dardanelles, the first stage of the Gallipoli campaign.
At the end of April, under the command of Lt. L Aubert Dupetit-Thouars, Joule began an attempt to penetrate the straits in order to attack Turkish shipping in the Sea of Marmara. However, on 1 May 1915 all contact was lost. It was later established Joule ran into a Turkish minefield, struck a mine, and was sunk. All 31 of her crew were lost.[2][3]
- Couhat, Jean Labayle (1974). French Warships of World War I. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0445-5.
- Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- Garier, Gérard (2002). A l'épreuve de la Grande Guerre. L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). Vol. 3–2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-81-5.
- Garier, Gérard (1998). Des Émeraude (1905-1906) au Charles Brun (1908–1933). L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). Vol. 2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-34-3.
- Moore, J: Jane’s Fighting Ships of World War I (1919, reprinted 2003) ISBN 1 85170 378 0