Gachetá_Formation

Chipaque Formation

Chipaque Formation

Add article description

The Chipaque Formation (Spanish: Formación Chipaque, K2cp, Kc) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The formation is also described as Gachetá Formation, named after Gachetá, in the area of the Llanos foothills of the Eastern Ranges. The predominantly organic shale formation dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Cenomanian-Turonian epochs and has a maximum thickness of 1,700 metres (5,600 ft). The formation, rich in TOC, is an important oil and gas generating unit for the giant oilfields Cupiagua and Cusiana of the Eastern Ranges as well as in the Llanos Orientales.

Quick Facts Type, Unit of ...

Etymology

The formation was named in 1931 as group and as formation in 1957 by Hubach after Chipaque, Cundinamarca.[1]

Description

Lithologies

The Chipaque Formation with a maximum thickness of 1,700 metres (5,600 ft), is characterised by a sequence of pyritic organic shales, limestones and siltstones, with sandstone banks intercalated in the formation.[2] The Chipaque Formation contains a high density of fauna.[1] The formation is rich in TOC and one of the principal source rocks for oil and gas generation in the foothills of the Eastern Ranges,[3] sourcing fields as Cusiana, Cupiagua and many others.[4] Chipaque also sourced the oilfields of the Llanos Orientales.[5] In the Chitasugá-1 well, drilled between 1980 and 1981, from the sandstones of the Chipaque Formation half a million m³ of water were produced.[6] The sandstone beds are reservoir rocks for oil in the Eastern Ranges.[3]

Stratigraphy and depositional environment

The Chipaque Formation overlies the Une Formation and is overlain by the Guadalupe Group. The core of the Zipaquirá Anticline consists of the Chipaque Formation.[7] The age has been estimated to be Cenomanian-Turonian.[1] Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the Simijaca Formation.[8] The formation has been deposited in an open to shallow marine platform setting.[9] The deposition is represented by a maximum flooding surface and anoxic conditions.[10]

Outcrops

Chipaque Formation
Type locality of the Chipaque Formation to the south of the Bogotá savanna

The Chipaque Formation is apart from its type locality, found in the Eastern Hills of Bogotá, the Ocetá Páramo and many other locations in the Eastern Ranges. The anticlinals of the Río Blanco-Machetá, San José and Sopó-Sesquilé are composed of the Chipaque Formation.[1]

Regional correlations

More information Ma, Age ...
Legend
  • group
  • important formation
  • fossiliferous formation
  • minor formation
  • (age in Ma)
  • proximal Llanos (Medina)[note 1]
  • distal Llanos (Saltarin 1A well)[note 2]
  • Oyster fossils from a sandstone bank of the Chipaque Formation
  • Organic shale of the Chipaque Formation
  • Chipaque Formation
    Ocetá Páramo
  • Chipaque Formation
    Ocetá Páramo
  • Banded shale of the Chipaque Formation
    Ocetá Páramo

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. [N 1]
    based on Duarte et al. (2019)[47], García González et al. (2009),[48] and geological report of Villavicencio[49]
  2. [N 2]
    based on Duarte et al. (2019)[47] and the hydrocarbon potential evaluation performed by the UIS and ANH in 2009[50]

References

  1. [1]
    Montoya Arenas & Reyes Torres, 2005, p.26
  2. [2]
    Lobo Guerrero, 1992, p.4
  3. [3]
    García González et al., 2009, p.49
  4. [4]
    Cortés et al., 2009, p.4
  5. [5]
    García González et al., 2009, p.58
  6. [6]
    Lobo Guerrero, 1993, p.20
  7. [7]
    García & Jiménez, 2016, p.24
  8. [8]
    Montoya Arenas & Reyes Torres, 2005, p.22
  9. [9]
    García González et al., 2009, p.209
  10. [10]
    Villamil, 2012, p.164
  11. [11]
    García González et al., 2009, p.27
  12. [12]
    García González et al., 2009, p.50
  13. [13]
    García González et al., 2009, p.85
  14. [14]
    Barrero et al., 2007, p.60
  15. [15]
    Barrero et al., 2007, p.58
  16. [16]
    Plancha 111, 2001, p.29
  17. [17]
    Plancha 177, 2015, p.39
  18. [18]
    Plancha 111, 2001, p.26
  19. [19]
    Plancha 111, 2001, p.24
  20. [20]
    Plancha 111, 2001, p.23
  21. [21]
    Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.32
  22. [22]
    Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.30
  23. [23]
    Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.21-26
  24. [24]
    Pulido & Gómez, 2001, p.28
  25. [25]
    Correa Martínez et al., 2019, p.49
  26. [26]
    Plancha 303, 2002, p.27
  27. [27]
    Terraza et al., 2008, p.22
  28. [28]
    Plancha 229, 2015, pp.46-55
  29. [29]
    Plancha 303, 2002, p.26
  30. [30]
    Moreno Sánchez et al., 2009, p.53
  31. [31]
    Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.43
  32. [32]
    Manosalva Sánchez et al., 2017, p.84
  33. [33]
    Plancha 303, 2002, p.24
  34. [34]
    Mantilla Figueroa et al., 2015, p.42
  35. [35]
    Arango Mejía et al., 2012, p.25
  36. [36]
    Plancha 350, 2011, p.49
  37. [37]
    Pulido & Gómez, 2001, pp.17-21
  38. [38]
    Plancha 111, 2001, p.13
  39. [39]
    Plancha 303, 2002, p.23
  40. [40]
    Plancha 348, 2015, p.38
  41. [41]
    Planchas 367-414, 2003, p.35
  42. [42]
    Toro Toro et al., 2014, p.22
  43. [43]
    Plancha 303, 2002, p.21
  44. [44]
    Bonilla et al., 2016, p.19
  45. [45]
    Gómez Tapias et al., 2015, p.209
  46. [46]
    Bonilla et al., 2016, p.22
  47. [47]
    Duarte et al., 2019
  48. [48]
    García González et al., 2009
  49. [49]
    Pulido & Gómez, 2001
  50. [50]
    García González et al., 2009, p.60

Bibliography

  • García, Helbert, and Giovanny Jiménez. 2016. Structural analysis of the Zipaquirá Anticline (Eastern Cordillera, Colombia). Boletín de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Nacional de Colombia 39. 21–32. .
  • Schütz, Christian. 2012. Combined structural and Petroleum Systems Modeling in the Eastern Cordillera Basin, Colombia (MSc. thesis), 1–161. Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen & Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo.
  • Villamil, Tomas. 2012. Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, 161–216. Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM).
  • Cortés, Martín; Diego García; Germán Bayona, and Yolima Blanco. 2009. Timing of oil generation in the Eastern flank of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia based on kinematic models; implications in the Llanos Foothills and Foreland charge, 1–8. Asociación Colombiana de Geólogos y Geofisicos del Petróleo (ACGGP).
  • García González, Mario; Ricardo Mier Umaña; Luis Enrique Cruz Guevara, and Mauricio Vásquez. 2009. Informe Ejecutivo - evaluación del potencial hidrocarburífero de las cuencas colombianas, 1–219. Universidad Industrial de Santander.
  • Montoya Arenas, Diana María, and Germán Alfonso Reyes Torres. 2005. Geología de la Sabana de Bogotá, 1–104. INGEOMINAS.
  • Guerrero Uscátegui, Alberto Lobo. 1993. Informe sobre la Cuenca Petrolífera de la Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia, 1–29.
  • Guerrero Uscátegui, Alberto Lobo. 1992. Geología e Hidrogeología de Santafé de Bogotá y su Sabana, 1–20. Sociedad Colombiana de Ingenieros.

Reports

Maps

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chipaque Formation.
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Gachetá_Formation, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.