Hamengkubuwono^{[lower-alpha 1]} (Javanese: ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦑꦸꦨꦮꦟ) is the current ruling royal house of the Yogyakarta Sultanate in the Special Region of Yogyakarta of Indonesia. The reigning Sultan of Yogyakarta is the hereditary Governor of the Special Region (Act No. 13 of 2012, article 18 paragraph 1c)^[1] with terms of 5 years (article 25 paragraph 1) without bounded by periodic provision (article 25 paragraph 2), as normally applied to such public office.^[1] The current Sultan is Hamengkubuwono X.

As with many significant historical and respected figures in Javanese culture, the name of a ruler is usually preceded by honorifics – in most cases the usage is of Sri Sultan before the name. In full titles the first Hamengkubuwono was titled:

"Ngarsadalem Sampeyandalem Hingkang Sinuhun Kangjeng Sultan Hamengkubuwono, Senopati Ing Ngalaga Ngabdurrahman Sayidin Panatagama Kalifatulah, Hingkang Jumeneng Kaping I".

For some Javanese, the name has been interpreted as having the following components:

• Hamangku: pleased to serve the people
• Hamengku: protect the people in a just way
• Hamengkoni: ready to take responsibility of a leader
• Buwono: the Javanese universe^[2]

Such an explanation does not necessarily coincide with strict etymology of the word.

This list is of ruling dates, see specific articles for birth dates.