Educator

In 1845, she married Joseph Mullens also of the LMS, who had travelled out to India on the same ship as her father.^[2] The missionary couple continued their work in Calcutta for a dozen years. Using her fluency in Bengali, Hana Catherine Mullens was head of a girls' boarding school, and taught Bible classes to women.^[3]

It was at the invitation of Rev. Mullens, chairing the Bengal Missionary Conference of 1855, that Rev. John Fordyce first reported on his female teaching initiative in the zenana. (The word refers to the secluded living quarters of girls and women, similar to purdah.) Hana Catherine Mullens became known for her devotion to the outreach programme of the zenana missions. Shortly after the conference, she persuaded the widow of a Hindu doctor to accommodate zenana teaching in her home, and then negotiated other similar arrangements.^[4] These Indian Christians were known as Bible women.

In 1858, she and her husband visited Britain to spread the word about their missionary work in India. By the time of her death in 1861, she had four zenanas under her care and was visiting a further eleven every afternoon.^[5]

Writer

She is credited by some with having written the first novel in the Bengali language, Phulmani O Karunar Bibaran (Description of Phulmani and Karuna), in 1852.^[6] It was aimed at native Christian women. This book was published six years before Peary Chand Mitra published his Alaler Gharer Dulal.^[6] There are other claimants to earlier novels. Nabababubilas published by Bhabani Charan Bandyopadhyay in 1825 is claimed as one^[7] but others think of it as being merely a story.^[8] Similar reservation has also been expressed about Phulmani O Karunar Bibaran.^[9][10] The first Bengali woman to write a novel was Swarnakumari Devi, with her Deepnirban in 1876.^[7][11]

Mullens wrote another book, The Missionary on the Ganges or What is Christianity, in both English and Bengali. She translated Charlotte Maria Tucker's Daybreak in Britain into Bengali.^[6]