Impeachment_by_state_and_territorial_governments_of_the_United_States

Impeachment by state and territorial governments of the United States

Impeachment by state and territorial governments of the United States

Add article description

See also: Impeachment in the United States, Federal impeachment in the United States, Impeachment inquiry in the United States, and Impeachment trial

Similar to the Congress of the United States, state legislatures can impeach state officials, including governors and judicial officers, in every state except Oregon.[1][2] In addition, the legislatures of the territories of American Samoa,[3] Northern Mariana Islands,[4] and Puerto Rico[5] have impeachment powers. Impeachment describes the process through which the legislature may bring charges and hold a trial with a penalty including removal from office.

Photograph of a scene from the 1913 impeachment of New York Governor William Sulzer

Some aspects of how impeachment is conducted in different states and territories different, however they all commonly follow the bifurcated model used by the federal government of having a legislative chamber first vote to impeach an official before then holding an impeachment trial to determine whether to convict and remove that official.

Impeachment processes by state/territory

Some aspects of how impeachment is conducted in different states and territories different, however they all commonly follow the bifurcated model used by the federal government of having a legislative chamber first vote to impeach an official before then holding an impeachment trial to determine whether to convict and remove that official. This takes cues from the practice of impeachment in England.[6] Like the federal government, most have their lower chamber of their legislatures hold the vote to impeach, and have the subsequent impeachment trial take place in the upper chamber of their legislatures.[6][1] However, several states do differ from the convention of holding the impeachment trial in their upper chamber. In a reverse, in Alaska it is the upper chamber of the legislature that votes to impeach while the lower chamber acts as the court of impeachment.[1] In Missouri, after the lower chamber votes to impeach, an impeachment trial is held before the Supreme Court of Missouri, except for members of that court or for governors, whose impeachments are to be tried by a panel of seven judges (requiring a vote of five judges to convict), with the members of the panel being selected by the upper legislative chamber, the Missouri State Senate.[7] In Nebraska, which has a unicameral legislature, after the Nebraska Legislature votes to impeach, an impeachment trial takes place before the Nebraska Supreme Court.[1] In addition to all the members of its upper chamber, the state of New York's Court of the Trial of Impeachments also includes all seven members of the state's highest court, the New York Court of Appeals.[8]

More information State/territory/fed. district, Body which impeaches ...

Officials impeached by state and territorial governments

There have been in excess of 100 impeachments of officials by state governments.

Double-counting those who were twice-impeached, subjects of state and territorial impeachments have included:

More information Date, State ...

Gubernatorial impeachment

Impeachment and removal of governors has happened occasionally throughout the history of the United States, usually for corruption charges. At least eleven U.S. state governors have faced an impeachment trial; a twelfth, Governor Lee Cruce of Oklahoma, escaped impeachment by one vote in 1912. Several others, including Missouri's Eric Greitens in 2018, have resigned rather than face impeachment, when events seemed to make it inevitable.[193] The most recent impeachment of a state governor occurred on January 14, 2009, when the Illinois House of Representatives voted 117–1 to impeach Rod Blagojevich on corruption charges;[194] he was subsequently removed from office and barred from holding future office by the Illinois Senate on January 29.

There have been eighteen impeachments of state governors (with two state governors having been impeached twice):

In addition to the aforementioned state governors, two governors of the Northern Mariana Islands territory have been impeached: Republican Benigno Fitial in 2013[176][201] (who resigned)[177] and Republican Ralph Torres in 2022[202] (who was acquitted).[185]

The National Conference of State Legislatures has observed that gubernatorial impeachment occurs relatively infrequently[6] and has cited two factors in believed to be partially responsible for this:

  • "Impeachment is regarded as a power to be used only in extreme cases"[6]
  • "Individuals frequently resign before the impeachment proceedings begin or are completed"[6]

See also

References

  1. [1]
    "Gubernatorial impeachment procedures". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
  2. [2]
    "Impeachment | Definition, Process, History, & Facts". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  3. [3]
    "American Samoa, Amendment 8, Governor Impeachment Measure (2022)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  4. [4]
    "Article III, Northern Mariana Islands Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  5. [5]
    "Puerto Rico Constitution :: Article III - The Legislature :: Section 21". Justia Law. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  6. [6]
    "Separation of Powers: Impeachment". www.ncsl.org. National Conference of State Legislatures. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  7. [7]
    "Article VII, Missouri Constitution". Ballotpedia.
  8. [8]
    Niedzwaidek, Nick; Golway, Terry (August 3, 2021). "Here's how impeachment works in New York". Politico. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
  9. [9]
    Alabama Constitution of 2022 Article V sections 138 and 158; Article VII (all sections); Article IX 219.02 (d)
  10. [10]
    Lyman, Brian (April 26, 2016). "Alabama House creates impeachment process". Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
  11. [11]
    Alabama Constitution Article 2
  12. [12]
    "American Samoa, Amendment 8, Governor Impeachment Measure (2022)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  13. [13]
    "Article 8, Arizona Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  14. [14]
    "Article 15, Arkansas Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  15. [15]
    "Impeachment in Arkansas" (PDF). www.arkleg.state.ar.us (Legislature of Arkansas). Arkansas Bureau of Legislative Research.
  16. [16]
    • California Constitution Article IV, Section 18
  17. [17]
    California Government Code Title 1, Division 4, Chapter 7, Article 2, Section 3020, Section 3022, Section 3032, Section 3035, Section 3037
  18. [18]
    Colorado Constitution Articles 12 and 13
  19. [19]
    "Article IX, Connecticut Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  20. [20]
    "The Delaware Constitution Article VI. Impeachment and Treason". The Delaware Code Online (Government of Delaware). delcode.delaware.gov. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  21. [21]
    "Florida Impeachment of Officers, Amendment 3 (1962)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  22. [22]
    Georgia Constitution, Article III
  23. [23]
    Constitution of Hawaii, Article 3
  24. [24]
    "Idaho State Constitution Article V". sos.idaho.gov. Idaho Secretary of State. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  25. [25]
    "Section 19-4015 – Idaho State Legislature". legislature.idaho.gov. Idaho Legislature. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  26. [26]
    "Illinois Constitution - Article IV". www.ilga.gov. Illinois General Assembly. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  27. [27]
    2012 Indiana Code Title 5. State and Local Administration Article 8. Officers' Impeachment, Removal, Resignation, and Disqualification Chapter 1. Impeachment and Removal From Office
  28. [28]
    "The Constitution of the State of Iowa". publications.iowa.gov. Government of Iowa. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  29. [29]
    "Article 2: Legislative | State Library of Kansas - Official Website". kslib.info. State Library of Kansas. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  30. [30]
    "Impeachment in Kentucky" (PDF). apps.legislature.ky.gov. Kentucky Legislative Research Commission. September 1991. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  31. [31]
    "Impeachments, Kentucky Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  32. [32]
    "CONST 10 24 (Louisiana Laws - Louisiana State Legislature)". legis.la.gov. Louisiana Legislature. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  33. [33]
    "Maine State Constitution". www.maine.gov. Maine. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  34. [34]
    Multiple sources
  35. [35]
    "Massachusetts Constitution". malegislature.gov. Massachusetts Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  36. [36]
    "State Constitution (Excerpt) Constitution of Michigan of 1963" (PDF). www.legislature.mi.gov. Michigan Legislature.
  37. [37]
    "MN Constitution". www.revisor.mn.gov. Office of the Revisor of Statutes (Minnesota Legislature). Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  38. [38]
    "The Constitution of the State of Mississippi" (PDF). www.sos.ms.gov. May 2022.
  39. [39]
    Peters, Benjamin (11 January 2018). "How does the impeachment process work in Missouri?". The Missouri Times. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  40. [40]
    "Article VII, Missouri Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  41. [41]
    "Montana Constitution, Article V, Section 13. Impeachment". leg.mt.gov. Montana Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  42. [42]
    "Montana Code Annotated 2021 TITLE 5. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH CHAPTER 5. LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURES". leg.mt.gov. Montana Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  43. [43]
    "Nebraska State Constitution Article IV-5". nebraskalegislature.gov. Nebraska Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  44. [44]
    "Nebraska State Constitution Article III-17". nebraskalegislature.gov. Nebraska Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  45. [45]
    "Article 7, Nevada Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  46. [46]
    Nevada Revised Statutes§§ 283.140 — 283.290 ("Impeachment")
  47. [47]
    "State Constitution - House of Representatives". www.nh.gov. Government of New Hampshire. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  48. [48]
    "State Constitution - Part 2, House of Representatives". www.nh.gov. Government of New Hampshire. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  49. [49]
    "State Constitution - Council". www.nh.gov. Government of New Hampshire. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  50. [50]
    "New Jersey Constitution". www.njleg.state.nj.us. New Jersey Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  51. [51]
    New Mexico Constitution Article IV § 35
  52. [52]
    Niedzwiadek, Nick; Golway, Terry (3 August 2021). "Here's how impeachment works in New York". Politico. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  53. [53]
    Constitution of the State of New York Article VI § 24
  54. [54]
    "North Carolina Constitution - Article 3". www.ncleg.gov. North Carolina Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  55. [55]
    Multiple sources:
  56. [56]
    Sáenz, Hunter (February 11, 2021). "VERIFY: Is there an impeachment process in North Carolina?". WCNC. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  57. [57]
    "Chapter 44-09 Removal by Impeachment" (PDF). www.ndlegis.gov. North Dakota Legislature. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  58. [58]
    "CNMI Constitution". cnmilaw.org. Commonwealth Law Revision Commission. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  59. [59]
    De La Torre, Ferdie (30 January 2022). "Justices decline Senate's request to preside over impeachment trial". Saipan Tribune. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  60. [60]
    Multiple sources:
  61. [61]
    "Article VIII, Oklahoma Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  62. [62]
    Hampton, James. "The Impeachment and Expulsion Procedures of Kansas" (PDF). pp. 107–112, 114, 116. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  63. [63]
    "The Constitution of Pennsylvania Article VI Public Officers". www.legis.state.pa.us. Pennsylvania General Assembly. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  64. [64]
    PR Constitution, article III § 21
  65. [65]
    Rhode Island Constitution, Article XI
  66. [66]
    South Carolina Constitution, Article XV
  67. [67]
    "Constitution Article XVI Impeachment and Removal From Office". sdlegislature.gov. South Dakota Legislature. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  68. [68]
    "Article V, Tennessee Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  69. [69]
    Multiple sources:
  70. [70]
    1954 Revised Organic Act (amended)
  71. [71]
    Sékou, Malík; Leary, Paul; Welcome, Patricia (2021). "(Simplified) Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands 1954" (PDF). www.uvi.edu. University of the Virgin Islands. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  72. [72]
    "Utah Code Chapter 5 Impeachments" (PDF). le.utah.gov. Utah Legislature. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  73. [73]
    Gillies, Paul S. (Spring 2020). "Ruminations Impeachment in Vermont" (PDF). The Vermont Bar Journal. 46 (1): 14–17.
  74. [74]
    "Constitution of the State of Vermont | Vermont General Assembly | Vermont Legislature". legislature.vermont.gov. Vermont General Assembly. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  75. [75]
    "Constitution of Virginia Article IV. Legislature Section 17. Impeachment". law.lis.virginia.gov. Virginia Law (Virginia Division of Legislative Automated Systems). Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  76. [76]
    Washington Constitution, Article V
  77. [77]
    Two sources:
  78. [78]
    "Article 3, Wyoming Constitution". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  79. [79]
    The Pennsylvania State Trials: Containing the Impeachment, Trial, and Acquittal of Francis Hopkinson, and John Nicholson, Esquires. The Former Being Judge of the Court of Admiralty, and the Latter, the Comptroller-general of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Francis Bailey. 1794. Retrieved 16 June 2023. |pages=22-24; 56-62; 762-772
  80. [80]
    Adams, Steve (1997). "Woodbury Langdon". seacoastnh.com. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  81. [81]
    "TESTIMONY IN CONTESTED ELECTIONS" (PDF). www.govinfo.gov. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  82. [82]
    "The Augusta chronicle and gazette of the state. (Augusta [Ga.]) 1789-1806, December 10, 1791, Image 5 Previous PageNext Page". gahistoricnewspapers.galileo.usg.edu. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  83. [83]
    "A treatise on the constitution of Georgia, giving the origin, history and development of the fundamental law of the state, with all constitutional documents containing such law, and with the present constitution, as amended to date, with annotations / by Walter McElreath - Digital Library of Georgia". dlg.usg.edu. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  84. [84]
    "PA State Archives - MG-96 - Scope and Content Note - Sequestered John Nicholson Papers". www.phmc.state.pa.us. Pennsylvania Historical Museum & Commission. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  85. [85]
    Ewing, Cortez A. M. (1957). "Early Tennessee Impeachments". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 16 (4): 291–334. ISSN 0040-3261. JSTOR 42621348. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  86. [86]
    "John Chipman and Prince Hall, Impeachment Ordered. Dismissed, 1800". vermont-archives.org. Vermont State Archives/Vermont Secretary of State. 9 March 2003. Archived from the original on March 9, 2003.
  87. [87]
    "Guide to the Alexander Addison Papers, 1786-1803 DAR.1925.06". digital.library.pitt.edu. University of Pittsburgh. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  88. [88]
    Rowe, G. S. (1979). "Alexander Addison: The Disillusionment of a "Republican Schoolmaster"". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  89. [89]
    Haverstick, Matthew H; Voss, Joshua J.; Vance, Shohin H.; Zimmer, Samantha G.; Notarianni, Francis G. (December 16, 2022). "IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA No. 563 MD 2022 LARRY KRASNER, IN HIS OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY OF PHILADELPHIA, v. Petitioner, SENATOR KIM WARD, IN HER OFFICIAL CAPACITY AS INTERIM PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE, ET AL., Respondents. BRIEF OF RESPONDENT SENATOR KIM WARD IN OPPOSITION TO APPLICATION FOR SUMMARY RELIEF AND IN SUPPORT OF CROSS-APPLICATION FOR SUMMARY RELIEF" (PDF). Pennsylvania Courts. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  90. [90]
    Meigs, William M. (1893). "Pennsylvania Politics Early in This Century". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 17 (4): 469–472. ISSN 0031-4587. JSTOR 20083561. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  91. [91]
    Henderson, Elizabeth K. (1937). "The Attack on the Judiciary in Pennsylvania, 1800-1810". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 61 (2): 114. ISSN 0031-4587. JSTOR 20087035. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  92. [92]
    "William W. Irwin » Supreme Court of Ohio". www.supremecourt.ohio.gov. Supreme Court of Ohio. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  93. [93]
    Meigs, William M. (1893). "Pennsylvania Politics Early in This Century". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 17 (4): 462–490. ISSN 0031-4587. JSTOR 20083561. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  94. [94]
    "Governor Thomas McKean". www.phmc.state.pa.us. Pennsylvania Historical Museum and Commission. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  95. [95]
  96. [96]
    See Journal of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, vol. 27, appendix (1816) (appendix entitled: Journal of the Proceedings of the Senate of Pennsylvania, Sitting as the High Court of Impeachment on the Trial of an Article of Accusation and Impeachment Preferred by the House of Representatives, Against Walter Franklin, President, and Jacob Hibshman and Thomas Clark, Associate Judges of the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County). Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. pp. 316–318, Appendix 10–12. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  97. [97]
    "Walter Franklin". Newspapers.com. Lancaster New Era. August 9, 1913. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  98. [98]
    Journal of the Court of Impeachment, for the Trial of Walter Franklin, Esquire, President Judge of the second judicial district of Pennsylvania, for Misdemeanors in Office, Before the Senate of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania). 1824. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  99. [99]
    Bateman, Newton; Selby, Paul; Shonkwiler, Frances M.; Fowkes, Henry L. (1908). Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois. Chicago, IL: Munsell Publishing Company. p. 489. Archived from the original on November 22, 2016. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
  100. [100]
    "Minnesota State Law Library: Trial Collection Bibliography, part 4". www.lawlibrary.state.mn.us. Minnesota State Law Library. 23 February 2004. Archived from the original on February 23, 2004.
  101. [101]
    "Inherent Limitations Upon Impeachment" (PDF). Yale Law Journal.
  102. [102]
    French, John Homer (1860). Gazetteer of the State of New York: Embracing a Comprehensive View of the Geography, Geology, and General History of the State, and a Complete History and Description of Every County, City, Town, Village and Locality. With Full Tables of Statistics. R. Pearsall Smith. p. 53. Retrieved 17 June 2023.
  103. [103]
    Stewart, Frank M. (1957). "California's First Impeachment, 1857" (PDF). The Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly. 39 (4): 328–339. doi:10.2307/41169295. ISSN 2162-9366. JSTOR 41169295. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  104. [104]
    "Impeachment of State Officials". Cga.ct.gov. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved September 6, 2008.
  105. [105]
    Blackmar, Frank (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History. Standard Publishing Co. p. 598.
  106. [106]
    Stewart, Frank M. (1954–1955). "Impeachment of Judge James H. Hardy, 1862". Southern California Law Review. 28: 61. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  107. [107]
    Sumner, Charles Allen; Cutter, William McLellan (1862). Official Report of the Proceedings, Testimony, and Arguments, in the Trial of James H. Hardy, District Judge of the Sixteenth Judicial District: Before the Senate of the State of California, Sitting as a High Court of Impeachment. Benj. P. Avery, State Printer. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  108. [108]
    "The Dorn Impeachment Trial at Albany". The New York Times. 13 June 1868. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  109. [109]
    Little, Becky. "8 US Governors Who Were Impeached and Convicted". HISTORY. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  110. [110]
    "Sordid saga: Drafting Florida's 1868 Constitution". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  111. [111]
    Ewing, Cortez A. M. (1957). "Florida Reconstruction Impeachments". Florida Historical Quarterly. 36 (4). Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  112. [112]
    Folk, Edgar E.; Shaw, Bynum (1982). W. W. Holden: A Political Biography. Winston-Salem, North Carolina: John F. Blair. p. 223. ISBN 0-89587-025-8.
  113. [113]
    Holden, William Woods (1871). Trial of William W. Holden. "Sentinel" printing office. p. 6. Retrieved April 15, 2015. L. P. Olds.
  114. [114]
    Moneyhon, Carl H. "Powell Clayton (1833–1914)". www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net. Retrieved September 3, 2018.
  115. [115]
    "Letters Relating to the Efforts to Impeach Governor Harrison Reed During the Reconstruction Era". floridamemory.com. Archived from the original on May 29, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
  116. [116]
    "Trial of Charles A. Edmonds, commissioner of the Land office of the state of Michigan, before the Senate of said state,". quod.lib.umich.edu. Michigan Legislature. 1872. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  117. [117]
    "Impeachment of State Officials". www.cga.ct.gov. ORL Research. February 9, 2004. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  118. [118]
    ""Not Guilty–But A Tight Squeak"". Newspapers.com. Detroit Free Press. May 29, 1872. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  119. [119]
    "State Governors of Louisiana: Henry Clay Warmoth". Enlou.com. Archived from the original on April 6, 2008. Retrieved September 6, 2008.
  120. [120]
    "Proceedings of the Senate of Minnesota, Sitting as a High Court of Impeachment, for the Trial of William Seeger, Treasurer of State, for Corrupt Conduct and Misdemeanors in Office. Minnesota Edocs: State Government Publications - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library" (PDF). www.lrl.mn.gov. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. 1873. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
  121. [121]
    Potts, C. S. (January 1926). "Impeachment As a Remedy". Washington University Law Review. 12 (1). Retrieved 21 June 2023.
  122. [122]
    Kercheval, Hoppy (27 June 2018). "A brief history of impeachment in West Virginia". WV MetroNews. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  123. [123]
    Sansing, David (December 2003). "Adelbert Ames: Twenty-seventh and Thirtieth Governor of Mississippi: 1868-1870;1874-1876 - 2003-12". www.mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov. Mississippi History Now. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  124. [124]
    "Mississippi Impeachment". Wisconsin State Journal. March 15, 1876. Retrieved 10 June 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  125. [125]
    Brock, Euline W. (1981). "Thomas W. Cardozo: Fallible Black Reconstruction Leader" (PDF). The Journal of Southern History. 47 (2): 183–206. doi:10.2307/2207949. ISSN 0022-4642. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  126. [126]
    "Impeachment in Mississippi". Newspapers.com. The Stark County Democrat. February 24, 1876. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  127. [127]
    "William Pitt Kellogg". knowlouisiana.org. Know Louisiana. Archived from the original on September 5, 2018. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  128. [128]
    "Viewing Impeachment Trial of Judge Sherman Page before the Minnesota Senate. Volume 1 (1878)". www.minnesotalegalhistoryproject.org. Minnesota Legal History Project. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  129. [129]
    "Viewing Impeachment Trial of Judge E. St. Julien Cox before Minnesota Senate. Volume 2 (1882)". www.minnesotalegalhistoryproject.org. Minnesota Legal History Project. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  130. [130]
    Journal of the Senate of the Twenty-First General Assembly of the State of Iowa with Reference to the Impeachment of John L. Brown, Auditor of State. (Volume 1). G.E. Roberts, State Printer of Iowa. 1886. p. 3.
  131. [131]
    Journal of the Senate of the Twenty-First General Assembly of the State of Iowa with Reference to the Impeachment of John L. Brown, Auditor of State. (Volume 3). G.E. Roberts, State Printer of Iowa. 1886. pp. 2532–2582.
  132. [132]
    News & Observer: NC's dark impeachment history Archived July 21, 2017, at the Wayback Machine by Rob Christensen
  133. [133]
    "Harney on the Rack". The Daily Times (Billings, Montana). January 26, 1903. Retrieved 28 June 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  134. [134]
    Bergman, H. J. (1968). "The Impeachment Trial of John H. Schively". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 59 (3): 128–136. ISSN 0030-8803. JSTOR 40488514. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  135. [135]
    "Sulzer Impeached by Assembly But Refuses to Surrender Office", Syracuse Herald, August 13, 1913, p. 1
  136. [136]
    "High Court Removes Sulzer from Office by a Vote of 43 to 12", Syracuse Herald, October 17, 1913, p. 1
  137. [137]
    Strong, W.F. (January 29, 2020). "That Time Texas Impeached Its Governor". Texas Standard. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  138. [138]
    Block, Lourenda (2000). "Permanent University Fund: Investing in the Future of Texas". TxTell (University of Texas at Austin). Archived from the original on February 4, 2009. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
  139. [139]
    Impeachment and Trial of Charles L. Crum, Judge of the District Court of the 15th Judicial District, Legislature Montana 1918.
  140. [140]
    "Chapter 11 Impeaching Judge Crum" (PDF). mhs.mt.gov. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  141. [141]
    "Resignation of State Auditor John C. Bond". archive.wvculture.org. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  142. [142]
    "Impeachment". Time. June 18, 1928. Archived from the original on November 21, 2010. Retrieved 2010-02-12. With great solemnity, violent denunciation and impassioned infinitive-splitting by the prosecutors, the Massachusetts House of Representatives last week voted 196 to 18 the impeachment of Massachusetts' Attorney General, Arthur K. Reading. It was the first time in 148 years that the Commonwealth had found out a corrupt public officer and affixed censure. ...
  143. [143]
    "Impeachment Court Acquits Judge Hardy; California Jurist Found Not Guilty of Charges in the McPherson Case. SENATE GIVES ITS VERDICT Absolves Him of Misdemeanors Alleged in Four Articles Presented by the Assembly. Cause of Impeachment. Ousted by Bar Association. IMPEACHMENT COURT FREES JUDGE HARDY". The New York Times. 27 April 1929. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  144. [144]
    Official Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Louisiana, April 6, 1929 pp. 292–94
  145. [145]
    Sutton, Charlotte (March 3, 1992). "It is not easy to impeach in Florida". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  146. [146]
    "Raulston Schoolfield, Impeached Judge, Dies". UPI. October 8, 1982. Archived from the original on February 4, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
  147. [147]
    "Impeachment Trial Finds Judge Guilty". AP. July 11, 1958. Archived from the original on October 26, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
  148. [148]
    Karl, Frederick B.; Davis, Marguerite (Winter 1978). "Impeachment in Florida" (PDF). Florida State University Law Review. 6 (1).
  149. [149]
    Ramsey, Ross (16 November 2020). "Analysis: Impeachment is a political option in Washington. In Texas, not so much". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  150. [150]
    "Impeachments in Texas". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  151. [151]
    "Thomas D. O'Malley, impeached in 1970s, dies in Port St. Lucie". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  152. [152]
    "Who Oversees Vermont's County Sheriffs?". Vermont Public. 2 February 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  153. [153]
    "Attorney General is Impeached". AP. March 14, 1984. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved October 11, 2012.
  154. [154]
    "Nebraskan Found Not Guilty". AP. May 4, 1984. Archived from the original on May 13, 2016. Retrieved October 11, 2012.
  155. [155]
    Gruson, Lindsey (February 6, 1988). "House Impeaches Arizona Governor". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
  156. [156]
    Gruson, Lindsey (April 5, 1988). "Arizona's Senate Ousts Governor, Voting Him Guilty of Misconduct". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved July 22, 2009.
  157. [157]
    AP staff reporter (March 30, 1989). "Impeachment in West Virginia". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
  158. [158]
    Wallace, Anise C. (July 10, 1989). "Treasurer of West Virginia Retires Over Fund's Losses". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
  159. [159]
    "Kentucky House Votes To Impeach Jailed Official". Orlando Sentinel. January 26, 1991. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2015. The House voted unanimously Friday to impeach the agriculture commissioner six days after he began serving a one-year sentence for a payroll violation.
  160. [160]
    "Jailed Official Resigns Before Impeachment Trial". Orlando Sentinel. February 7, 1991. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2015. Kentucky's commissioner of agriculture, serving a one-year jail sentence for felony theft, resigned Wednesday hours before his impeachment trial was scheduled to begin in the state Senate.
  161. [161]
    Hinds, Michael deCourcy (May 25, 1994). "Pennsylvania House Votes To Impeach a State Justice". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved January 24, 2010. A State Supreme Court justice convicted on drug charges was impeached today by the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.
  162. [162]
    Moushey, Bill; Tim Reeves (October 5, 1994). "Larsen Removed Senate Convicts Judge On 1 Charge". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Pittsburgh, PA. p. A1. Archived from the original on May 19, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2013. Rolf Larsen yesterday became the first justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court to be removed from office through impeachment. The state Senate, after six hours of debate, found Larsen guilty of one of seven articles of impeachment at about 8:25 p.m, then unanimously voted to remove him permanently from office and bar him from ever seeking an elected position again.
  163. [163]
    Young, Virginia (October 7, 1994). "Moriarty Is Impeached – Secretary Of State Will Fight Removal". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, MO. p. 1A. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved September 14, 2013. The House voted overwhelmingly Thursday to impeach Secretary of State Judith K. Moriarty for misconduct that 'breached the public trust'. The move, the first impeachment in Missouri in 26 years, came at 4:25 p.m. in a hushed House chamber.
  164. [164]
    Young, Virginia; Bell, Kim (December 13, 1994). "High Court Ousts Moriarty". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, MO. p. 1A. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved September 14, 2013. In a unanimous opinion Monday, the Missouri Supreme Court convicted Secretary of State Judith K. Moriarty of misconduct and removed her from office.
  165. [165]
    "N.H. Judge Impeached". ABC News. July 12, 2000. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  166. [166]
    Goldberg, Carey (11 October 2000). "New Hampshire Supreme Court Justice Is Acquitted in His Impeachment Trial". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  167. [167]
    Griffin, David (September 9, 2004). "Oklahoma House votes to impeach Carroll Fisher". www.newson6.com. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  168. [168]
    "Fisher resigns on eve of impeachment trial". UPI. September 24, 2004. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  169. [169]
    Vogel, Ed (November 12, 2004). "Augustine impeached". Review-Journal. Archived from the original on November 13, 2004. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
  170. [170]
    Whaley, Sean (December 5, 2004). "Senate lets controller keep job". Review-Journal. Archived from the original on March 5, 2010. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
  171. [171]
    Jenkins, Nate (April 11, 2006). "Hergert impeached". Lincoln Journal Star. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 11, 2012. With the last vote and by the slimmest of margins, the Legislature did to University of Nebraska Regent David Hergert Wednesday what it hadn't done in 22 years—move to unseat an elected official.
  172. [172]
    "Hergert Convicted". WOWT-TV. August 8, 2006. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2012. University of Nebraska Regent David Hergert was convicted Friday of manipulating campaign-finance laws during his 2004 campaign and then lying to cover it up. The state Supreme Court ruling immediately removed Hergert, 66, from office.
  173. [173]
    Staff reporter (January 9, 2009). "Illinois House impeaches Gov. Rod Blagojevich". AP. Archived from the original on November 6, 2014. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
  174. [174]
    Mckinney, Dave; Wilson, Jordan (January 14, 2009). "Illinois House impeaches Gov. Rod Blagojevich". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on February 1, 2009. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
  175. [175]
    Long, Ray; Rick Pearson (January 30, 2009). "Blagojevich is removed from office". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 1, 2010. Retrieved June 21, 2009.
  176. [176]
    Eugenio, Haidee V. (January 9, 2009). "CNMI governor impeached on 13 charges". Saipan Tribune. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved September 14, 2013.
  177. [177]
    "Impeached Northern Marianas Governor Fitial resigns". RNZ. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
  178. [178]
    "The Latest: All 4 West Virginia justices impeached". AP NEWS. Aug 14, 2018. Archived from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved Oct 6, 2019.
  179. [179]
    "WV Supreme Court Justice Robin Davis retires after her impeachment". Herald-Dispatch. Associated Press. August 14, 2018. Archived from the original on August 14, 2018. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
  180. [180]
    "The Latest: W.Va. lawmakers won't meet after justice resigns". Associated Press. November 11, 2018. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  181. [181]
    Allen Adams, Steven (November 12, 2018). "Facing Possible Impeachment, West Virginia Supreme Court Justice Resigns". Governing. Archived from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  182. [182]
    MetroNews, WSAZ News Staff, WV. "Senators reprimand Justice Walker, but vote to not impeach". www.wsaz.com. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019. Retrieved March 1, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  183. [183]
    "W.Va. Supreme Court Justice Workman to retire". Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  184. [184]
    De La Torre, Ferdie (9 Sep 2023). "Justices decline Senate's request to preside over impeachment trial". Saipan Tribune. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  185. [185]
    Limtiaco, Steve (18 May 2022). "CNMI Gov. Ralph Torres acquitted of all impeachment articles". guampdn.com. Pacific Daily News. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
  186. [186]
    "South Dakota's attorney general is impeached over a fatal crash". NPR. April 12, 2022.
  187. [187]
    Bosman, Julie (June 21, 2022). "South Dakota Removes Its Attorney General After Fatal Crash". The New York Times.
  188. [188]
    Fortin, Jacey (16 November 2022). "Pennsylvania House Votes to Impeach Philadelphia's Progressive D.A." The New York Times. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
  189. [189]
    "Senate delays Philly DA's impeachment trial amid court case". The Associated Press. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
  190. [190]
    Schultz, Brooke; Scolforo, Mark (January 13, 2023). "Court splits on legality of move to impeach Philly DA Larry Krasner". WHYY. The Associated Press. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
  191. [191]
    Palmer, Chris (December 30, 2022). "Commonwealth Court sides with Philly DA Larry Krasner in impeachment lawsuit". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  192. [192]
    Coronado, Acacia; Vertuno, Jim; Bleiberg, Jake (27 May 2023). "GOP-controlled Texas House impeaches Republican Attorney General Ken Paxton, triggering suspension". AP News. The Associated Press. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  193. [193]
    Suntrup, Jack; Erickson, Kurt. "Embattled Gov. Eric Greitens resigns". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Archived from the original on June 2, 2018. Retrieved September 2, 2018.
  194. [194]
    "House votes to impeach Blagojevich again". Chicago Tribune. January 14, 2009. Archived from the original on January 19, 2009. Retrieved January 14, 2009.
  195. [195]
    Dembart, Lee (2 June 1974). "New York Removed a Governor in 1913 for Laundering Campaign Funds and Withholding Evidence". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  196. [196]
    "Assembly Faces New Sulzer Fight; May Be Asked to Amend Impeachment Article, High Court Developments Show". The New York Times. 15 October 1913. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  197. [197]
    O'Dell, Larry. "WALTON, John Calloway (1881–1949) Archived December 16, 2014, at the Wayback Machine", Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture Archived April 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
  198. [198]
    "Thomas Hilliard Moodie". National Governors Association. 7 December 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  199. [199]
    Watkins, Ronald J. (1990). High Crimes and Misdemeanors: The Term and Trials of Former Governor Evan Mecham. New York: William Morrow & Co. ISBN 978-0-688-09051-7.
  200. [200]
    Saulny, Susan (January 9, 2009). "Illinois House Impeaches Governor". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 17, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2009.
  201. [201]
    Celock, John (11 February 2013). "Island Governor Impeached For Massage". HuffPost. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  202. [202]
    Heaton, Thomas (11 January 2022). "CNMI House Votes To Impeach Governor Torres". Honolulu Civil Beat. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Impeachment_by_state_and_territorial_governments_of_the_United_States, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.