Ismail bin Ahmed bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Adham (Arabic: إسماعيل أحمد أدهم IPA: [esmæˈʕiːl ˈæħmæd ˈʔædhæm] Ismā'īl Aḥmad Adham; 13 January 1911-23 July 1940) better known as Ismail Adham was an Egyptian writer who was born and educated in Alexandria, then obtained a doctorate in science from Moscow University in 1931, and was appointed as a teacher of mathematics at Saint Petersburg University. Then he moved to Turkey and was a teacher of mathematics at the Ataturk Institute in Ankara, and returned to Egypt in 1936. He is one of the former Muslim writers who declared their atheism, wrote about it, and defended their ideas. He has a booklet entitled “Why am I an atheist?” He declared in this booklet that he is happy and content with this atheism, just as a believer in God feels happy and at peace.^[1]

Several historians and researchers, wrote about him, including Al-Zirakli in "Al-Alam", Al-Kayyali in “The Departed,” and Ahmed Al-Hawari in his collection of the aforementioned works. These translations were collected by the researcher Suleiman Al-Kharashi in his book “The Suicide of Ismail Adham,” with some references about the aforementioned in newspapers and magazines, as well as responses and discussions. About his book “Why am I an atheist?”

Adham apparently suffered from depression, and fueled his melancholy by reading Schopenhauer and Kierkegaard.

On the evening of July 23, 1940 AD, the body of Ismail Adham was found floating on the waters of the Mediterranean coast. In his coat, the police found a letter from him to the chief prosecutor informing him that he had committed suicide due to his asceticism in life and his hatred for it, and that he recommended that his body not be buried in a Muslim cemetery and requested that it be burned.^[2][3]