Italy–Malta_relations

Italy–Malta relations

Italy–Malta relations

Bilateral relations

Italy–Malta relations are bilateral relations between Italy and Malta. Both countries established official diplomatic relations soon after Malta's independence. Both countries are members of the European Union, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and Union for the Mediterranean.

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History

Villa Bel Air in Ta' Xbiex, residence of the Italian ambassador to Malta

Pre-independence relations

Malta and the Italian peninsula have a long history of relations given their proximity. Malta was part of the Normans' Kingdom of Sicily and remained associated with the Italian kingdom until 1194.[1] The Kingdom of Naples would be involved in the war against the French occupation of the island. Italian language was the official language in Malta since the Knights Hospitaller until the British control. In 1800 Malta became a protectorate jointly administered by Naples and the United Kingdom, although the latter had more influence. By 1813 the island became a British colony and thus moved outside the Italian sphere, although the presence of Italian culture and language remained strong. Indeed, Italian designs on the island were highlighted in April 1933, when on a visit to the island, Italian cabinet undersecretary Francesco Giunta stated that he was on Italian soil and that the future of the island lay in complete union with Italy.[2] The two countries clashed during World War II when Italy bombed the island during the Siege of Malta. Malta's rejection of Mussolini's fascism and Nazi support led to Italy bombing Malta for two years between 1940 and 1942.

Independent relations

Letter of application for membership of the European Economic Community by Malta, 1990. Sent from the Maltese foreign affairs minister Guido de Marco to the Italian foreign affairs ministers Gianni De Michelis, at the time holding the rotating presidency of the EU Council. Held at the House of European History in Brussels

Italy was the first country to establish a diplomatic mission in Malta and the first to appoint a resident ambassador (since then resident at Villa Bel Air in Ta' Xbiex) after Malta achieved independence and became a full member of the UN. On December 1, 1964, that the first Italian ambassador presented his credentials to the governor general, Sir Maurice Dorman.[3]

In 1980, Malta entered into a neutrality agreement with Italy, under which Malta agreed not to enter into any alliance and Italy agreed to guarantee Malta's neutrality.[4] Malta's relations with Italy have been described as "generally excellent".[5]

Diplomatic relations

Italy has an embassy in Valletta. Malta has an embassy in Rome and 18 honorary consulates (in Bari, Bologna, Brescia, Cagliari, Catania, Genoa, Livorno, Milan, Naples, Palermo, Perugia, Reggio Calabria, Savona, Syracuse, Turin, Trieste, and Venice).

Historical notable persons in Italian-Maltese relations

Notable contemporary persons with double citizenship of Italy and Malta

See also

Italian Air Force AB 212 at the 2015 Malta International Airshow. Italian search and rescue helicopters have been stationed in Malta since 1982

References

  1. [1]
    Castillo, Dennis Angelo (2006). The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-32329-1.
  2. [2]
    Manfred Pfister & Ralf Hertel, Performing National Identity , 2008, pp. 173-4
  3. [3]
    Times of Malta
  4. [4]
    Woodliffe, John (1992). The Peacetime Use of Foreign Military Installations Under Modern International Law. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff. pp. 99–100. ISBN 0-7923-1879-X. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
  5. [5]
    David Attard & Dominic Fenech, "The Law of the Sea and Jurisdictional Issues in the Mediterranean." In Naval Policy and Strategy in the Mediterranean: Past, Present and Future. Edited by John B. Hattendorf. London: Frank Cass, 2000. P. 362. ISBN 0-7146-8054-0. Accessed 2009-04-11.
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