James Gorrall Blair (January 1, 1825 – March 1, 1904) was an American slave owner,^[1] lawyer, and politician who served one term as aU.S. Representative from Missouri from 1871 to 1873.

Born near Blairville, now Cynthiana, Kentucky, Blair's parents died when he was too young to remember them, and he was raised by relatives, including his maternal grandfather. He received a limited education before moving to Monticello, Missouri in 1840, where he worked on farms. He continued his education on his own, and was elected clerk of the circuit court which included Lewis County, serving from 1848 to 1854.

Blair studied law while serving as court clerk, obtained admission to the bar in 1854, and began a practice in Canton.

A Democrat during the American Civil War, Blair supported the Union and opposed secession, but was unable to serve in the military because of poor eyesight and other health issues. After the war he opposed most Reconstruction measures as being overly harsh to former supporters of the Confederacy.

Blair had opposed slavery, and supported adoption of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments, which ended slavery and guaranteed the right to vote regardless of race. Democrats in Missouri largely opposed these amendments, causing Blair to join the Republican Party.

He served as delegate to the Republican state convention in 1870.

He died in Monticello on March 1, 1904, and was interred at Forest Grove Cemetery in Canton.