James Thomson (1788–1850) was a British engraver, known for his portraits. He completed his apprenticeship in engraving and then established himself independently, following the dot and stipple style. His engravings and paintings featured both leading figures of his day and those of previous periods.

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Thomson was baptised on 5 May 1788 at Mitford, Northumberland, where his father James Thomson, who later became vicar of Ormesby in Yorkshire, was then acting as curate. He was sent to London to be apprenticed to an engraver named Mackenzie. After completing an apprenticeship with Mackenzie, he worked for two years under Anthony Cardon, and then established himself independently. He became an accomplished engraver in the dot and stipple style. He died at his house in Albany Street, London, on 27 September 1850.

Working mainly on portraits, Thomson was engaged for major illustrated works including Edmund Lodge's Portraits of Illustrious Personages, Fisher's National Portrait Gallery (of Henry Fisher, Son and Jackson, edited by William Jerdan), Horace Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting, Charles Heath's Book of Beauty, Anne Mee's Gallery of Beauties, the Keepsake, the Court Magazine, and Ancient Marbles in the British Museum.

Thomson's single plates included the portraits:

• Mrs. Storey, after Thomas Lawrence, 1826
• Lady Burghersh and her sisters, after Lawrence, 1827
• John Wesley, after John Jackson, 1828
• Charles James Blomfield, Bishop of London, after George Richmond, 1847
• Queen Victoria riding with Lord Melbourne, after Sir Francis Grant
• Prince Albert, after Sir William Charles Ross
• Louis-Philippe and his consort Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily, a pair, after Édouard Louis Dubufe, 1850
• Elizabeth Pepys, wife of Samuel Pepys

By his wife, Diana, whose maiden name was Lloyd, he had two daughters: Eliza and Ann. One daughter, Ann (or Anne), married the painter Frederick Goodall.

• Engraving of Henry Corbould's drawing of Richard Westmacott's sculpture of Hindoo Girl, By an Urn, from a Group. published in the Friendship's Offering annual for 1826, with an illustration in verse by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.
• Engraving of Henry Corbould's drawing of Lady Louisa Jane Russell., from the statue at Woburn Abbey by Chantrey, accompanied by Felicia Hemans's poem, The Child and Dove, for The Literary Souvenir annual for 1826.
• An engraving of a portrait of Sir Thomas Lawrence. by Charles Landseer for Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1833 with a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.
• An engraving of a portrait of Sir Walter Scott. by T Graham for Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1833 with a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.
• An engraving of The Sisters. by John Hayter for Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1839 with a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.
• An engraving of Kate is Craz’d., by Joseph John Jenkins for Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1840 with a posthumous poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.
• For paintings in Flowers of Loveliness, 1838:

  An engraving of The Heath. by Fanny Corbaux, with a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.

  An engraving of Iris. by Thomas Uwins, with a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon.