After the war, McAndrew was assigned as commandant of the Army War College. He suffered health problems brought on by overexerting himself during his AEF service, and died in Washington, D.C., on April 30, 1922. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
Andrews was an instructor at the Army Service Schools until 1909.[1] He was an honor graduate of his Army School of the Line class in 1910, and graduated from the Command and General Staff College in 1911, after which he remained on the faculty and was promoted to major.[2] In 1913 he graduated from the Army War College, after which he served on the Army staff at the War Department.[2] He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1916, and was appointed as commandant of the Army Service Schools.[1]
World War I
Shortly after the American entry into World War I in April 1917, McAndrew was promoted to colonel and assigned as commander of the 18th Infantry.[1] He led his regiment to France, and commanded it until he was promoted to temporary brigadier general in August 1917 and appointed to command 2nd Brigade, 1st Division.[1] He was then assigned as commandant of the American Expeditionary Forces Staff College in Langres, where in addition to the staff college, he organized the AEF School of the Line, Officer Candidate School, Infantry School, and Tank School in order to train soldiers for their combat duties.[3]
In May 1918, AEF commander John J. Pershing named McAndrew to succeed James Harbord as AEF chief of staff.[4] He was promoted to temporary major general while in this post, and served until June 1919.[4] McAndrew was praised for the leadership and management style he brought to the AEF staff, including speeding up the planning process and preparation of operations orders by delegating as much authority as possible, including allowing senior staff officers to issue directives in Pershing's name when circumstances required it.[4] Though his initiatives enabled the AEF staff to function more efficiently, they were also criticized for creating resentment between the AEF staff and subordinate army and corps commanders, who believed that their authority was being diminished.[4]
Post-World War I
McAndrew was promoted to permanent brigadier general in November 1918.[5] After serving with the post-war Army of Occupation in Germany, McAndrew returned to the United States in 1919 to become commandant of the Army War College.[1] He was promoted to permanent major general in 1921.[1]
Death and burial
McAndrew's exertions during World War I aggravated a heart condition, and he was often in ill health beginning in 1920.[1] He died at Walter Reed Hospital in Washington, D.C., on April 30, 1922.[1] His wife was with him at his death, as were two of his sisters, longtime friend Colonel James B. Gowen, and General Pershing.[1] He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, Section 3 Grave 2519.[6]
On November 26, 1889, McAndrew married Nellie Elizabeth Roche of Scranton.[1] They were the parents of a daughter, Mary Aloysiz McAndrew, who died in 1908.[1]
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