Japanese_castles_in_Korea

Japanese castles in Korea

Japanese castles in Korea

Japanese castles built in Korea during the 1592–1598 Japanese invasion of Korea


Japanese Castles in Korea (Korean: 왜성; Hanja: 倭城; RR: Waeseong; Japanese: 倭城, romanized: Wajō, Wesōn) are Japanese castles built along the southern shores of Korea during Japanese invasions of Korea between 1592 and 1598 by the Japanese military.[1]

Japanese castles in Korea can be classified into two categories: castles that were built to secure supply lines for Japanese forces moving throughout Korea, and castles that were built mainly along the southern coast of Korea to act as seats of governing power.[2]

The first category of castles were built between Busan and Seoul at intervals roughly equal to the distance an army could march in one day. The castle network was later expanded northward to Uiju. These castles were established by either reinforcing existing settlements, or were built anew if no suitable settlements existed in the area where a castle was needed.[3] Although the locations are currently unknown, Japanese castles are also believed to have been built between Kilju and Anbyŏn in the historical Hamgyong Province.[4]

The second category of castles built along the southern coast of Korea were located in Busan, Ulsan, South Gyeongsang Province, Suncheon, South Jeolla Province).[5]

Japanese castles are thought to have been built not only on the southern coast of the Korean[6] Peninsula but also in the inland areas,[7] but the reality is unknown. Thirty-two areas on the southern coast have already been investigated.[8]

Research

Na Dong-wook, head of the Cultural Heritage Research Team at the Busan Museum, summarized the research results of the Japanese Fortress built during the Imjin War and the Jeongyu War.[9]

Team leader Na introduced the fact that Ulsan Japanese Fortress, which was built by 16,000 Japanese soldiers for 40 days in 1597, was a highly defensive castle, pointing out that about 30 Japanese Fortresses in Korea are being damaged by development and environmental changes.[9]

"The Japanese Fortress is an important cultural asset in reconstructing the East Asian War and recreating history that was fierce more than 400 years ago," he stressed.[9]

The academic symposium, co-hosted by the National Museum of Korea and sponsored by KEB Hana Bank and the Korean Culture and Arts Committee, was organized in conjunction with the special exhibition "Jeong Yu-jae-ran," which runs until the 22nd. There will also be presentations on strengthening negotiations, the outbreak of the oil crisis, the direction of understanding of the Battle of Noryang, and the Battle of Yukinaga and Suncheon Castle in Konishi.[9]

"We look forward to an in-depth discussion on the oil refinery disaster through this symposium," said an official at the Jinju National Museum. "It will be a place to take a detailed look at the lives and lives of the Korean, Chinese and Japanese people as well as the reality of the war."[9]

The purpose of oil refining is to conquer the southern part of the Korean Peninsula...[9] all Koreans are arrested.

Cultural Heritage Protection Act

  • Cultural Heritage

The Japanese Fortress is protected by the Cultural Heritage Protection Act, just like the Korean castle. It is preserved by the Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea under the Cultural Heritage Protection Act.

  • Historically and culturally, Japanese Fortress must be preserved and can be designated as natural reserves and environmental reserves. Talks that Japan's remnants should be eliminated could violate the Cultural Heritage Protection Act.

The Japanese Fortress should be preserved as the site of its history, and excavation surveys related to the Uiseong site (Gupo Japanese Fortress, Jeungsan-ri Fortress in Yangsan) are also needed, he said. (History's Black Box 'Japanese Fortress Rediscovery')

As a cultural asset, much attention is needed historically, and efforts are needed to manage and preserve the Japanese Fortress at the management level so that it is not lost.

"Definition of Article 2 of the Cultural Heritage Protection Act.

  • The Japanese Fortress is recalled under the Cultural Heritage Protection Act as it applies the same protection law as the Korean castle.
  • Specifies that property damage may be legally punished for burning, destroying, damaging or destroying a Japanese Fortress without consultation for no reason.

Other

In 2019, a map of Japanese castle locations, called "Joseon Japanese Illustration," was discovered and became a topic of conversation[10][11]

  • Dadaeposeong Fortress, which was rebuilt during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, did not become a Japanese fortress like Busanjinseong Fortress or Jaseong Fortress, and Dadaeposeong Fortress was excluded from the Japanese Fortress.[12]
  • Jisepojinseong said that the Japanese army led by Kato Kiyomasa lost the battle during the Japanese Invasion of Korea, but the Jiseopseong Fortress was later renamed Jiseposeong Fortress, but was excluded from the Japanese Fortress.
  • The Jinju Mangjin Waeseong Fortress was built during the reign of Jeongyujae-ran War and is currently a lost Waeseong Fortress in Bakmungu. There is no wooden fence near the beacon, and the estimated wall at the top was the 5th Gyeongsang Mangjin Mountain Beacon Station [13]
  • The Jinju Mangjin Japanese Fortress was located in Mangjin Mountain, Juyak-dong, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. Meanwhile, it is estimated that the 5th Gyeongsang Mangjin Mountain Beacon Station, located 240 meters from the top, was used by the Japanese military during the Japanese Invasion of Korea.[14]
  • On September 21, 1598, the Mangjin Japanese Fortress in the Namgang River was burnt down and disappeared.

On the other hand, the Yeongchun Japanese Fortress and Gonyang Japanese Fortress, which are not recorded in the records, were occupied by the forces of Shimazu Yoshihiro in the Battle of Sacheonseong Fortress.

  • The next day, on September 22, 1598, Gonyang Waeseong was burned to the ground.

The missing Japanese fortresses were identified as seven sites (Jungang-dong, Dongsam-dong (Busan), Hopo (Yangsan), Gyeonnae-ryang (Geoje), Mangjin, Yeongchun (Jinju), Gonyang (Sacheon), and Dongnae (Busan) will soon be destroyed if they are not managed by the National, Government, Public Office, and Community Center.

Language edition documents

List of Japanese castles in Korea

Shows a list of Japanese castles (approximately from north to north).

Japanese Invasion of Korea (1592 ~ 1598)

  • In April 1592 shortly after the start of the Japanese invasions of Korea, the Japanese army that landed in Busan built a castle there to establish a supply base. In November of the same year, the Konishi army that occupied Pyongyang built the castle there, and Ukiota built the castle in Namsan. In January of the following year, the Japanese army built about 20 Waseongs on the coast of South Gyeongsang Province today from May 1593.
More information Number, Photo ...

Japanese Invasion of Korea (1597 ~ 1598)

  • The Japanese army, which had been re-invading after the peace negotiations between the Japanese and Keicho broke down, took over the castle that had been built up until now, and the Japanese navy took over the Kumakawa castle and used it as a base. At that time, the Japanese military secured the occupied land and repaired the traditional coastal area to connect with the Japanese mainland, while the line of battle expanded to Ulsan in the east and Suncheon in the west, and the castle was newly built in this area.
  • After the collapse of the negotiations on strengthening the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, the Japanese army occupied the Japanese fortress again, and the Japanese navy occupied Ungcheon Japanese Fortress as its base. At that time, the Japanese army secured the occupied area and repaired the existing Japanese fortress along the coast to connect with the Japanese mainland, and the Japanese fortress was newly built in this area as the front line expanded to Ulsan on the east and Suncheon on the west.
More information Number, Photo ...

Command Post

  • The Japanese army, which landed in Busan shortly after the start of the Japanese invasion of Korea in April 1592, built the fortress to establish a supply base. In November of the same year, Konishi County, which occupied Pyongyang, built a dwarf planet in Pyongyang, while Ukida built a dwarf planet in Namsan, just south of Hanseong. However, the Japanese army, which began to be chased by the Cho-Myong coalition forces in January of the following year, built some 20 dwarfs along the coast of what is now South Gyeongsang Province from May 1593.
  • The Japanese army, which had invaded again after the collapse of negotiations to strengthen the Japanese invasion of Korea, occupied the previously built dwarf planet and made the Japanese army its base by occupying the Ungcheon dwarf. At that time, the Japanese military secured the occupied area and repaired the previously built coastal dwarfs for connection with the mainland Japan, while the front was extended to Ulsan on the east and Suncheon on the west.
More information Past, one's family ...

Congregation and defense Commander

More information Past, one's family ...

See also


References

  1. japanese castles in korea 1592-98 Checked on August 6, 2020
  2. "Untitled - 경남발전연구원 역사문화센터" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-22. Retrieved 2020-03-22.
  3. Waeseong in KNN news crisis. Checked on June, 2016
  4. The library The digital library Korean Studies Library Korean Studies Electronics Library Archived 2020-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Local Notice Quote
  6. 検索結果 -倭城 Checked on November 6, 2020
  7. Castle in Busan is lonely Check out on September 5, 2020
  8. Jinju 8th Gyeongsang 5th Gyeongsang Mangjin Mountain Beacon Station There is a on November 25, 2020, a broadcasting tower of the Korea Broadcasting Corporation and Mangjin Sports Park.
  9. 山崎敏昭, 1998, 「加德城と安骨浦倭城の繩張り」 『倭城の硏究』2, 城郭談話會. 福島克彦, 1998, 「加德城と安骨浦城の構造」 『韓國 慶尙南道 倭城址の調査硏究』, 神戶大學文學部. 한국문물연구원, 2010, 『釜山 訥次洞 817-4番地遺蹟』. 釜山廣域市史編纂委員會, 1999, 『江西區誌』.
  10. 『增補文獻備考』 豆毛浦城 臨浪浦城 備局謄錄 並有倭城.(두모포성, 임랑포성은 비 국등록에 모두 왜성이라 기록하였다.)
  11. 『大東地志』 城池 竹島倭城 南十里 宣祖壬辰倭人所築 周五百八十척 外城周六百十五척.(남쪽으로 10리이고 선조 임진년(1592) 왜인이 쌓았다. 둘레는 580척 (약 176m)이고 외성의 둘레는 615척(약 186m)이다.) 『增補文獻備考』 竹島倭城 在南十里 壬辰倭賊石築 邑誌周五百八十척 外城周六百十五척.(죽도왜성은 남쪽으로 10리에 있고 임진년에 왜적이 돌로 쌓았다. 읍지에는 둘레 580척(약 176m), 외성 둘레 615척(약 186m)이라 기록하고 있다.
  12. 『大東地志』 城池 仇法谷城 狐浦城 二處倭所築.(구법곡성, 호포성 두 곳을 왜인이 쌓았다.) 『增補文獻備考』 仇法谷狐浦 備局謄錄 並有倭城.(구법곡성과 호포성은 비국등록에서 모두 왜성이라 기록하였다.)
  13. 高田徹, 1999, 「金海 竹島倭城の遺構と遺物-繩張り-」 『倭城の硏究』3, 城郭談話會. 高瀨哲郞, 1999, 「倭城蹟を訪ねて」 『硏究紀要』5, 佐賀縣立名護屋城博物館. 경남문화재연구원, 2004, 『김해 농소리유적』. 
  14. 『大東地志』 城池 馬沙倭城 北四十里 土築 周七百餘척.(북쪽으로 40리에 있고 흙으 로 쌓았다. 둘레는 700여 척(약 212m)이다.) 『增補文獻備考』 馬沙倭城 在北四十里 土築 邑誌周七百餘척 高三척.(마사왜성은 북 쪽으로 40리에 있고 흙으로 쌓았으며 읍지에는 둘레 700여 척(약 212m), 높이 3 척(약 1m)으로 기록하고 있다.)
  15. Shrinkage and expansion during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1598
  16. 『增補文獻備考』 釜山浦城 甑山城 備局謄錄 並有倭人.(부산포성, 증산성은 비국 등록에는 모두 왜인이 있다고 기록하였다.) 『東萊府邑誌』25) 城池 釜山鎭城 在府南二十里 僉使所居也 壬辰亂倭人築之 城周千六 百八十九척 高十三척.(부산진성은 부의 남쪽 20리에 있고 첨사가 거주하였다. 임진 년에 왜인이 쌓았고 성의 둘레는 1689척(약 512m)이고 높이는 13척(약 4m)이다.)
  17. 『大東地志』 鎭堡 開雲浦鎭 南三十里 宣祖 二十五年 自蔚山移于釜山浦之倭人所築城 水軍萬戶一員.(남쪽으로 30리에 있고 선조 25년(1592)에 울산에서 부산포로 옮기고 왜인들이 쌓았다, 수군만호 1인을 두었다.)『大東地志』 鎭堡 西生浦鎭 南五十里 初置水軍萬戶 宣祖二十五年 移設于倭人所築之倭甑城 水軍同僉制使一人.(남쪽으로 50리에 있고 처음에는 수군만호를 두었다. 선조 25년(1592) 옮겨 왜인이 축성하고 왜증성이라 하였다. 수군첨제사33) 1인을 두었다.)『增補文獻備考』 外甑城 在西生鎭 亦倭賊所築.(외증성은 서생진에 있고 또한 왜적이 쌓았다.)『與地圖書』34) 鎭堡 西生浦鎭 在府南五十三里 水軍萬戶一人 壬辰倭寇築城留屯 丁酉撤還後倭人所築城.(서생포진은 부의 남쪽 53리에 있고 수군만호 1인이 주둔하였다. 임진년(1592)에 왜구가 축성하여 주둔하였다. 정유년(1597)에 다시 돌아온 왜인이 쌓았다.)『蔚山府邑誌』35) 鎭堡 西生浦鎭 在府南五十三里 水軍萬戶一人 壬辰倭寇築城留屯 丁酉撤還後倭人所築城.(서생포진은 부의 남쪽 53리에 있고 수군만호 1인이 주둔하였다. 임진년(1592)에 왜구가 축성하여 주둔하였다. 정유년(1597)에 다시 돌아온 왜인이 쌓았다.)
  18. 사 료 : 『增補文獻備考』 豆毛浦城 臨浪浦城 備局謄錄 並有倭城.(두모포성, 임랑포성은 비국등록에 모두 왜성이라 기록하였다.)
  19. 『大東地志』3) 鎭堡 永登浦鎭 舊設仇來浦置水軍萬戶 仁祖元年 移于見乃梁西三里 英宗 二十七年廢 三十二年復設 有倭人所築 石城水軍萬戶一員.(옛날 설치했던 구래포로 수군 만호4)를 두었다. 인조 원년(1623)에 견량포에서 서쪽으로 3리 옮겨 설치하였다. 영종 27년(1751) 폐하였다가 32년(1756)에 다시 설치하였다. 왜인이 쌓은 성이고 수군 만호 1인을 두었다.) 『增補文獻備考』 永登浦城 舊長木浦城 備局謄錄 並有倭城. (비국등록에는 영등포성(영등포왜성), 구장목포성(장문포왜성) 모두 왜성이라 기록하였다.)
  20. 東亞大學校博物館, 1995, 『巨濟市 城址 調査報告書』. 城郭談話會, 1997, 『倭城の硏究-特集:巨濟島の倭城』創刊號. 巨濟市誌編纂委員會, 2002, 『巨濟市誌』下卷.
  21. 『大東地志』 鎭堡 長木浦鎭 北六十里 本訓局屯 孝宗七年 設屯置別將有 倭人所築城 水軍萬戶一員.(북쪽으로 60리이고 훈련도감을 두었다. 효종 7년(1656)에 설치하여 별장7)을 두었다. 왜인이 쌓은 성이고 수군만호 1인을 두었다.) 『增補文獻備考』 永登浦城 舊長木浦城 備局謄錄 並有倭城. (비국등록에는 영등포성(영등포왜성), 구장목포성(장문포왜성) 모두 왜성이라 기록하였다.)
  22. In 1592, during the Japanese Invasion of Korea, he moved to Joseon with 5,000 troops and built Ungcheon Japanese Fortress before returning to Korea in September.
  23. 迫門口 It is a Japanese-style geographical name, meaning an entrance to the narrow canal. The exact shape is unknown due to urban development, port facilities, and sea reclamation, but it is believed to have been located in Yongdusan Park as a hill of independent low hills. There is only a record that Mori Derumoto built Dongsam-dong Waeseong Fortress and Bakmun-gu Waeseong Fortress in Bunroku on July 27, 1593, the year after the outbreak of the Imjin War.
  24. In the case of Hopo Waeseong Fortress, which was built by the Japanese military, but considering that Kuroda Nagamasa was built and defended in Gupo Waeseong Fortress and Jeungsan-ri Waeseong Fortress in Yangsan, it can be estimated that Hopo Waeseong Fortress was built by Kuroda Nagamasa.
  25. Intellectual editing: 6 answers
  26. 『大東地志』 城池 仇法谷城 狐浦城 二處倭所築. (구법곡성, 호포성 두 곳을 왜인이 쌓았다.) 『增補文獻備考』 仇法谷狐浦 備局謄錄 並有倭城. (구법곡성과 호포성은 비국등록 에서 모두 왜성이라 기록하였다.) 호포왜성지는 현재 철저하게 훼손된 상태다. 체성(體城) 구조의 일부가 잔존한 부분은 호포마을 당산나무 북편에 남은 약 30m 정도였는데 공사로 인해 파괴되었다.
  27. Goseong Waeseong Fortress was built on October 23, 1597, at the order of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, by Hiroie Kitkawa and Mototsuna Katsura. In 1592, Hidekane Kobayakawa, Munetora Tachibana, Naotsugu Tachibana, and Hirokado Tsukushi were organized by the 7th Japanese Army during the Japanese Invasion of 1592. Katsura Mototsuna is said to have been in charge of the construction of the fortress in Ulsan after the construction of the fortress in Goseong, but it is not accurate in the records of the person who built the fortress in Korean history. (Confirmed August 4, 2020)
  28. 高瀨哲郞, 1999, 「倭城蹟を訪ねて」 『硏究紀要』5, 佐賀縣立名護屋城博物館. 高田徹·太田秀春, 2005, 「文祿·慶長の役における日本軍の朝鮮城郭利用について-島津氏の事例を中心に」 『城館史料學』3, 城館史料學會.
  29. In 1592, Hideyoshi Toyotomi instructed Yasuharu Wakizaka to build a castle in Geoje Island to strengthen the defense against the Japanese naval forces. It is believed that Yasuharu Wakizaka may have stayed in the field and built a fortress.)
  30. The Gwangri Japanese Fortress, which had built a 350-meter-wide earthen fortification to monitor the Gyeonnae-ryang tree, is recorded as having been stationed in the Japanese army for seven years during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592.
  31. 高田徹, 2000, 「南海倭城の繩張り」 『倭城の硏究』4, 城郭談話會. 堀口健貳, 2005, 「畝狀空堀群を持つ倭城について」 『愛城硏報告, 愛知中世城郭硏究會』.
  32. 지정사항 : 고적 81호(1936년 5월), 사적 50호(1963년 1월 21일 지정~1997년 1월 1일 해지), 『大東地志』 鎭堡 三千浦堡 南20里 自晉州移于通陽浦 成宗十九年築城 置權管後又移于固城縣 宣祖丁酉倭石曼子據於此 與蔚山之島山順天之倭橋稱爲三窟 堡城今稱倭甑城.(남쪽으로 20리에 있고, 진주에서 통양포(사천)로 옮긴다. 성종 19년(1488)에 쌓았다. 권관17)을 두고 있다 후에 고성현으로 옮긴다. 선조 정유년(1597) 석만자(島津義弘, 시마즈 요시히로)는 울산의 도산성, 순천의 왜교성과 더불어 삼굴18)이라 칭하였다. 보성은 지금 왜증성이라 부른다. 『增補文獻備考』 舊三千鎭倭甑城 在南二十里 備局謄錄 並有廢城.(구 삼천진왜증성(사천왜성)은 남쪽으로 20리에 있고, 비국등록에는 폐성으로 기록하였다.)
  33. 지정사항 : 고적(1938년), 사적 49호(1963년 1월 21일 지정~1997년 1월 1일 해지), 순천대학교 박물관, 1997, 『순천 검단산성과 왜성』. 高田徹, 1998, 「順天城の繩張りについて」 『倭城の硏究』2, 城郭談話會. 順天대학교 박물관, 2001, 『順天倭城의 外城遺蹟』. 전남대학교 박물관·순천시, 2006, 『순천왜성』. 순천대학교 문화유산연구소·순천시, 2007, 『순천시의 성곽과 봉수』.
  34. 高田徹, 1998, 「梁山城の繩張り」 『倭城の硏究』2, 城郭談話會. 高瀨哲郞, 1999, 「倭城蹟を訪ねて」 『硏究紀要』5, 佐賀縣立名護屋城博物館.
  35. 『大東地志』 城池 島山城 東五里 一云神鶴城 一云戒邊城 一云甑城 宣祖 三十年 倭人古止修築與 順天倭橋南海露梁爲三窟 明史以倭橋曳橋露梁爲老營. (동쪽으로 5리에 있고, 신학성, 또는 계변성, 또는 증성이라고도 부른다. 선조 30년(1597) 왜인이 옛것을 수리하여 쌓았고, 순천 왜교성(순천왜성), 남해 노량성(남해 선소왜성)과 더불어 삼굴이라 한다. 명나라 기록에는 왜교를 예교로, 노량을 노영이라 하였다.) 『增補文獻備考』 甑城 在東五里 一名島山 倭賊築城 於此其形如甑故名.(증성은 동쪽으로 5리에 있고 일명 도산이라고 한다. 왜적이 축성하였고 그 형상이 마치 시루같다고 하여 붙여진 옛 이름이다.) 『增補文獻備考』 伴鷗亭城 備局謄錄 有倭城.(반구정성은 비국등록에 왜성이 있다고 기록하였다.)


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