Komedes is the ethnonym of an ancient people in Central Asia. They were mentioned by the ancient Greek geographer Ptolemy in Geography (c. 150 CE).^[1] Traditional Hindu and Indian spellings included Kumuda, Kumuda-dvipa, and Parama Kambojas; and ancient Greek and Roman spellings included Komedes, Komedei, Traumeda, Caumedae, Homodotes, Homodoti, or Homodontes.^B

This article or section possibly contains synthesis of material which does not verifiably mention or relate to the main topic. (September 2009)

Linguistic traces of the ancient Kambojas have been suggested^[who?] in several modern languages of the Pamir Mountains, Khotan and Sogdiana.^{[citation needed]} Languages of this region have shown influence^{[according to whom?]} from the Kambojan verb shavti, meaning "to go."^[15]E For example, modern Pamiri or Ghalchah languages, spoken in and around the Pamir Mountains, also use the word shavti to mean "to go."^{[16][8]: 49 [17]: 164 [18][7]: 37 [5]: 127–28, 167, 218} Wilhelm Tomaschek has stated that, of all the Ghalchah/Pamiri languages, "Munjani is most closely related to the language of Zend Avestan".^{[19][20][5]: 217} Michael Witzel connects the ethnolinguistic term Munjan to the Mujavat of the Hindu Atharvaveda and Mahabarata.^[21] Other scholars^[who?] claim Munjan is directed from the root Murg of Amyurgio Sacae, meaning "Soma-twisting Sakas."^[21] The Yaghnobi language, spoken in the Yaghnob Valley, also use the verb shavati.^{[22][16][5]: 128}

• Indo-Scythians

1.^A The Kumiji tribesmen of the Buttamn Mountains were in the upper Oxus near Khuttal and were considered a predatory people.^{[citation needed]}

2.^B Dr V. S. Aggarwala observed: "The name Rishika occurs in Mahabharata as a part of 'Shakadvipa'. Arjuna had conquered Rishikas across the Vakshu (Oxus) which flowed through the Shaka country." Since the Parama Kambojas, Lohas and the Rishikas were all neighborly tribes and were allied together in their fight against Arjuna. As such, the Transoxian Lohas and Parama Kambojas may have also been located in the Shakadvipa or Scythia.^{[citation needed]}

3.^C Ashoka's Rock Edicts V and XII at Shahbazgarhi and the Jaina Canon Uttradhyana-Sutra (11/16), both write Kamboya for Kamboja.^{[citation needed]}

4.^D Robert Shafer reported that the Shakas, Kambojas, Pahlavas, and Sugudas were the left-over population of the Indo-Iranian Aryans after the latter had moved from their original home in Central Asia to Iran and India.^[23]

5.^E Believed to be from the 3rd or 7th century BCE.^{[citation needed]} Shava, the root of the word shavati, was used by the Indo-Aryans.^[15]