List_of_Mississippi_hurricanes

List of United States hurricanes

List of United States hurricanes

Add article description


The list of United States hurricanes includes all tropical cyclones officially recorded to have produced sustained winds of greater than 74 mph (119 km/h) in the United States, which is the minimum threshold for hurricane intensity. The list, which is sorted by U.S. state, begins in 1851 with the start of the official Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT), as provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Hurricane Research Division. Since 1851, a total of 306 North Atlantic hurricanes produced hurricane-force winds in 19 states along the Atlantic coast. Some of these storms may not have made a direct landfall (i.e. remained just offshore) while producing hurricane-force winds on land; some of them may have weakened to a tropical storm or became extratropical before landfall but produced hurricane conditions on land while still a hurricane and some of them made landfall in an adjacent state but produced hurricane conditions over multiple states. This list does not include storms that only produced tropical storm conditions on land in the United States.

Continental United States hurricane strikes 1950–2022

Additionally, three Pacific hurricanes struck Hawaii, and one Pacific tropical cyclone brought hurricane-force winds to California. The tables list hurricanes by category on the Saffir–Simpson scale, based on winds that occurred in each state.

Statistics

AlabamaArizonaCaliforniaConnecticutDelawareFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMississippiNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaTexasVermontVirginiaWashingtonWisconsinDelawareMarylandNew HampshireNew JerseyMassachusettsConnecticutVermontRhode Island
Map of the United States; click on individual states to be directed to its article,
or click on some coastal states to be directed to a list of tropical cyclones in those locations

As of 2022, a total of 305 Atlantic hurricanes have produced hurricane-force winds in every state along the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico (as well as Pennsylvania), with Florida having had more hurricanes affecting it than any other state.[1]

The earliest time in the year for a hurricane (and a major hurricane) to strike the nation was June 9, which was set by Alma in 1966. The earliest major hurricane (category 3 or greater) to make an actual landfall in the nation occurred in 1957, when Hurricane Audrey made landfall at category 3 intensity on June 27. The latest in the year for a hurricane to strike the nation was on November 24 with Hurricane Iwa in Hawaii; for the Atlantic basin the latest was on November 22, which was set by Hurricane Kate in 1985. The latest in the year for a major hurricane to strike the nation was from Hurricane Zeta, which moved ashore on October 28.[2]

The 1990s were the most active decade for the United States, with a total of 31 hurricanes affecting the nation. By contrast, the least active decade was the 1860s and 1970s, each with a total of only 15 hurricanes affecting the United States. A total of 33 seasons on record passed without an Atlantic hurricane affecting the country — the most recent of which was the 2015 season. Seven Atlantic hurricanes affected the country in the 1886 season, which was the year with the most United States hurricanes.[1]

Impact

The 1935 Labor Day hurricane was the most intense hurricane to make landfall on the country, having struck the Florida Keys with a pressure of 892 mbar. It was one of only seven hurricanes to move ashore as a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale; the others were "Okeechobee" in 1928, Karen in 1962, Camille in 1969, Andrew in 1992, Michael in 2018, and Yutu in 2018, which had a landfalling pressure of 931 mbar, 932 mbar, 900 mbar, 922 mbar, 919 mbar, and 900 mbar, respectively. Hurricane Michael in 2018 was the fourth most intense hurricane to strike the country with a pressure of 919 mbar, while hurricanes Katrina in 2005 and Maria in 2017 are tied as the fifth most intense hurricanes to strike the country, each with a pressure of 920 mbar.[3][4]

The 1900 Galveston hurricane was the deadliest hurricane in the history of the United States, killing between 6,000 and 12,000 people. 2017s Hurricane Maria resulted in at least 2,982 fatalities. The 1928 Okeechobee hurricane caused at least 2,500 fatalities, and in 2005, Hurricane Katrina killed approximately 1,800 people. In the 1893 season, two hurricanes each caused over 1,000 deaths.[4]

Not accounting for inflation, a total of fifteen Atlantic hurricanes have resulted in over US$10 billion in damage, including three each from the 2004, 2005, and 2017 seasons, respectively. The costliest hurricanes were Katrina in 2005 and Harvey in 2017, both with uninflated damage totals amounting to US$125 billion. Of the 41 Atlantic hurricanes with damages exceeding $1.01 billion after accounting for inflation (2017 dollars), 20 have occurred after the year 2000, though this list does not include 2018's Michael nor Florence.[3]

List of states

The category listed for each state indicates the maximum category of sustained winds that were recorded or analyzed to have occurred in that state. It is not necessarily the category of the storm at the time of landfall or closest approach (if the strongest winds were occurring elsewhere or only over water at the time).

Alabama

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Connecticut

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Delaware

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Florida

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Georgia

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Louisiana

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Maine

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Maryland

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Massachusetts

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Mississippi

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

New Hampshire

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

New Jersey

Although Hurricane Sandy struck the state in October 2012 and produced hurricane-force winds, it became an extratropical cyclone before landfall or producing any hurricane-strength winds.[7]

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

New York

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

North Carolina

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Pennsylvania

Though not directly bordering the Atlantic Ocean, the Gale of 1878 produced hurricane-force winds in the state, the only tropical cyclone on record to do so.[1] Furthermore, Hurricane Agnes (1972) had a severe impact on the state. Although it had been only a Category 1 storm, and had weakened to a tropical depression by the time it reached Pennsylvania, Hurricane Agnes nevertheless caused severe flooding, as well as enormous economic damage.

Rhode Island

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

South Carolina

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Texas

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Virginia

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

States bordering the Pacific Ocean

Southwestern United States

The 1858 San Diego hurricane is the only Pacific tropical cyclone known to have produced hurricane-force winds in California; it affected San Diego on October 2, 1858, though its center remained just offshore. In the 20th century, only four tropical cyclones produced tropical storm force winds in the southwestern United States: a tropical storm in September 1939 in California, Hurricane Joanne in October 1972 in Arizona, Hurricane Kathleen in September 1976 in Arizona and California, and Hurricane Nora in September 1997 in Arizona. In the 21st century, the only tropical cyclone to achieve this was Hurricane Hilary in 2023, which caused large amounts of flooding and power outages, along with heavy winds. [8]

Hawaii

Hurricane Dora (2023) affected wildfires in Hawaii, "although there is some debate about how much influence the storm had as it passed about 500 miles south of the Hawaiian islands."[9] However, it is not included in this list since this is a list of storms producing hurricane force winds within the states and territories listed, not a list of hurricanes passing within 500 miles of Hawaii that made "history without making landfall."[10]

Note: This section only includes tropical cyclones that occurred during or after 1900, when Hawaii was acquired by the United States
This section does not include tropical cyclones that affected the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

U.S. territories

American Samoa

Note: This section only includes tropical cyclones that occurred during or after 1900, when American Samoa was acquired by the United States

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Guam

Note: This section only includes tropical cyclones that occurred during or after 1899, when Guam was acquired by the United States

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Northern Mariana Islands

Note: This section only includes tropical cyclones that occurred during or after 1986, when the Northern Mariana Islands were acquired by the United States
This section only includes tropical cyclones that affected the main islands of Saipan, Tinian, and Rota

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Puerto Rico

This section only includes tropical cyclones that occurred during or after 1899, when Puerto Rico was acquired by the United States

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

United States Virgin Islands

Note: This section only includes tropical cyclones that occurred during or after 1917, when the United States Virgin Islands were acquired by the United States

More information Name, Saffir–Simpson Category ...

Climatological statistics

North Atlantic tropical storms and hurricanes
  Hurricane category 1-3
  Tropical storm or Tropical depression
The 20-year average of the number of annual Category 4 and 5 hurricanes in the Atlantic region has approximately doubled since the year 2000.[60]
The number of $1 billion Atlantic hurricanes almost doubled from the 1980s to the 2010s, and inflation-adjusted costs have increased more than elevenfold.[61] The increases have been attributed to climate change and to greater numbers of people moving to coastal areas.[61]
Hurricanes reaching landfall in the U.S., by month.
More information Decade, 000Number of hurricanes ...

See also

Notes

  1. Hurricane conditions in this state were limited to inland areas.
  2. This hurricane did not make landfall, but produced hurricane conditions over the state indicated.
  3. This hurricane did not make landfall at this intensity, but produced such conditions over the state indicated. It eventually made landfall as a weaker hurricane.
  4. This storm became extratropical before landfall, but produced hurricane conditions over the state indicated while still a tropical cyclone.
  5. This hurricane made landfall in Mexico but produced hurricane conditions in Texas.

References

  1. "Continental United States Hurricane Impacts/Landfalls 1851-2022". Miami, Florida: Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, NOAA. April 2023.
  2. Eric Blake; Robbie Berg; Andrew Hagen (May 10, 2021). "Hurricane Zeta" (PDF). Tropical Cyclone Report. Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  3. "Costliest U.S. tropical cyclones tables updated" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. 2017. Retrieved 2019-02-10.
  4. Eric S. Blake; Edward N. Rappaport; Christopher W. Landsea (2007). "The Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones From 1851 to 2006" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
  5. Hurricane Research Division (2008). "Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2011-06-04. Retrieved 2008-03-21.
  6. "Hurricane Katrina, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA". USGS. U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  7. Eric S. Blake; et al. (2013-02-12). Hurricane Sandy Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-02-23.
  8. Michael Chenoweth & Chris Landsea (2004). "The San Diego Hurricane of October 2, 1858" (PDF). American Meteorological Society. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  9. Dan Stillman (11 August 2023). "Unrelenting Hurricane Dora makes history by becoming a typhoon". The Washington Post. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  10. Jennifer Robbins (12 August 2023). "Hurricane Dora makes history without making landfall". Hawaii News Now. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  11. Central Pacific Hurricane Season. "1959 Central Pacific Hurricane Season". Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  12. Central Pacific Hurricane Season. "1982 Central Pacific Hurricane Season". Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  13. Central Pacific Hurricane Season. "1992 Central Pacific Hurricane Season". Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  14. Jelsema, Jon (August 8, 2023). Hurricane Dora Discussion Number 33 (Report). Honolulu, Hawaii: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 9, 2023.
  15. d'Aubert, AnaMaria; Nunn, Patrick D. (20 March 2012). Furious Winds and Parched Islands: Tropical Cyclones (1558–1970) and Droughts (1722–1987) in the Pacific. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 9781469170091. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  16. Laidlaw, Michael R (February 17, 1987). Tropical Cyclone Report: 87/4: Tropical Cyclone Tusi (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 22, 2012. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
  17. "American Samoa Observatory History". Earth System Research Laboratory. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
  18. "American Samoa Cyclone Val". FEMA.gov. Archived from the original on June 3, 2010. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
  19. "Storm Events Database – Cyclone Heta". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
  20. "American Samoa baby born the night of the storm is named after Cyclone Rene". Radio New Zealand International. February 18, 2010. Retrieved February 18, 2010.
  21. "Historical Tropical Cyclones Affecting Guam (1671-1990)" (PDF). U.S. Naval Oceanography Command Center and Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  22. Knapp, K. "Diary of 1949 Typhoon Allyn: Part 3 – The center passes". Cyclone Center. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  23. John A. Rupp & Mark A. Lander (May 1996). "A Technique for Estimating Recurrence Intervals of Tropical Cyclone-Related High Winds in the Tropics: Results for Guam". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 35 (5). Joint Typhoon Warning Center and University of Guam: 627–637. Bibcode:1996JApMe..35..627R. doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<0627:ATFERI>2.0.CO;2.
  24. "Tropical Cyclones Affecting Guam". Pacific Daily News. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  25. "1984 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  26. Williams, Dick. "Typhoon Roy lashed Guam with 135 mph gusts and..." UPI. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  27. "1992 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  28. Sam Houston; Greg Forbes & Arthur Chiu (1998). "Super Typhoon Paka's Surface Winds Over Guam". NOAA. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
  29. Charles Guard; Mark A. Lander; Bill Ward (2007). A Preliminary Assessment of the Landfall of Typhoon Chataan on Chuuk, Guam, and Rota (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 2015-03-31. Retrieved 2012-06-20. Alt URL
  30. John J. Kelly Jr. (2003). "Super Typhoon Pongsona Service Assessment" (PDF). United States Department of Commerce. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-27. Retrieved 2006-10-07.
  31. "A Quarterly Bulletin of the Pacific El Niño–Southern Oscillation Applications Climate (PEAC) Center" (PDF). Pacific ENSO Update. 21 (3). July 30, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  32. "1991 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  33. "Typhoon Smacks Saipan". Associated Press. The Associated Press. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  34. "Guam Event Report: Typhoon". National Climatic Data Center. 1998. Archived from the original on 2010-07-21. Retrieved July 21, 2010.
  35. National Climatic Data Center (August 22, 2000). "Storm Event Report for Typhoon Near Northern Marianas on August 22, 2004". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  36. "Typhoon Vongfong struck the Northern Mariana Islands at about 18:00 GMT on 5 October". Thomson Reuters Foundation News. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
  37. "Saipan Event Report: Hurricane". National Centers for Environmental Information. National Weather Service Office in Guam. 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
  38. Kleeschulte, Ken. "Typhoon Mangkhut (26W) Advisory Number 14". WebCite. National Weather Service. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2018.
  39. Freedman, Andrew. "One of strongest storms ever slams Northern Mariana Islands". Axios. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
  40. Paul J. Herbert (July 1980). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1979". Monthly Weather Review. 108 (7). National Hurricane Center: 11. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<0973:AHSO>2.0.CO;2.
  41. Lawrence, Miles (November 15, 1989). Preliminary Report: Hurricane Hugo (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. pp. 1–2, 7. Retrieved August 26, 2012.
  42. Lixion Avila (October 23, 1996). Hurricane Hortense Preliminary Report (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 21, 2018.
  43. Guiney, John L. (January 5, 1999). Preliminary Report Hurricane Georges 15 September – 01 October 1998 (updated September 2014) (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). NOAA. Retrieved August 18, 2016.
  44. Avila, Lixion A; Cangialosi, John (December 14, 2011). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Irene: August 21 – 28, 2011 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 27, 2012. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  45. Richard J. Pasch, Andrew B. Penny, and Robbie Berg (April 5, 2018). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Maria (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 21, 2018.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  46. Pasch, Richard (September 18, 2022). Hurricane Fiona Update Statement (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  47. "Saint Thomas Hurricanes". Hurricane City. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  48. Rappaport, Edward N; National Hurricane Center (January 17, 1996). Hurricane Marilyn: September 12 - 22, 1995 (PDF) (Preliminary Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  49. Miles B. Lawrence (1996). "Hurricane Bertha Tropical Cyclone Report". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2010-08-25. Retrieved 2008-02-13.
  50. John L. Guiney (1999-12-09). Hurricane Lenny Preliminary Report (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2011-07-23.
  51. John L. Beven II and Chris Landsea (February 3, 2009). "Hurricane Omar Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved February 4, 2009.
  52. John P. Cangialosi; Andrew S. Latto; Robbie J. Berg (March 9, 2018). Hurricane Irma (AL112017) (PDF) (Report). Tropical Cyclone Report. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  53. "Hurricane DORIAN". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2019-08-28.
  54. Leonhardt, David; Moses, Claire; Philbrick, Ian Prasad (29 September 2022). "Ian Moves North / Category 4 and 5 Atlantic hurricanes since 1980". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 30 September 2022. Source: NOAA – Graphic by Ashley Wu, The New York Times (cites for 2022— data)
  55. Philbrick, Ian Pasad; Wu, Ashley (2 December 2022). "Population Growth Is Making Hurricanes More Expensive". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Newspaper states data source: NOAA.

Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article List_of_Mississippi_hurricanes, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.