List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1980–1989)

List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1980–1989)

List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1980–1989)

Add article description

The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award of the Republic of India.[1] Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service of a high order", without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex.[2] The recipients receive a Sanad, a certificate signed by the President of India and a circular-shaped medallion with no monetary association. The recipients are announced every year on Republic Day (26 January) and registered in The Gazette of India—a publication used for official government notices and released weekly by the Department of Publication, under the Ministry of Urban Development.[3] The conferral of the award is not considered official without its publication in the Gazette. The name of recipient, whose award have been revoked or restored, both of which require the authority of the President, is archived and they are required to surrender their medal when their name is struck from the register;[4] none of the conferments of Padma Bhushan during 1980–1989 have been revoked or restored. The recommendations are received from all the state and the union territory governments, as well as from Ministries of the Government of India, the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan awardees, the Institutes of Excellence, the Ministers, the Chief Ministers and the Governors of State, and the Members of Parliament including private individuals.[3]

Quick Facts Padma Bhushan, Type ...

When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Varg" (Class II) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri.[3] The criteria included "distinguished service of a high order in any field including service rendered by Government servants", but excluded those working with the public sector undertakings with the exception of doctors and scientists. The 1954 statutes did not allow posthumous awards; this was subsequently modified in the January 1955 statute.[4] The design was also changed to the form that is currently in use; it portrays a circular-shaped toned bronze medallion 1+3⁄4 inches (44 mm) in diameter and 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) thick. The centrally placed pattern made of outer lines of a square of 1+3⁄16 inches (30 mm) side is embossed with a knob carved within each of the outer angles of the pattern. A raised circular space of diameter 1+1⁄16 inches (27 mm) is placed at the centre of the decoration. A centrally located lotus flower is embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma" is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus written in Devanagari script. The State Emblem of India is displayed in the centre of the reverse side, together with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari script, which is inscribed on the lower edge. The rim, the edges and all embossing on either side is of standard gold with the text "Padma Bhushan" of gold gilt. The medal is suspended by a pink riband 1+1⁄4 inches (32 mm) in width with a broad white stripe in the middle.[3][4] It is ranked fifth in the order of precedence of wearing of medals and decorations of the Indian civilian and military awards.[lower-alpha 1]

After assuming office as Prime Minister of India in 1977, Morarji Desai withdrew all the civilian awards, reckoning them as "worthless and politicized".[6] As a result, the Padma Bhushan award was not conferred to any person from 1978 until 1980 when the suspension was rescinded on 25 January by Indira Gandhi, Desai's predecessor who had returned to office. Cricketer Sunil Gavaskar became the first recipient of the award since its restoration in 1980; he was the only person awarded in that year.[7]

A total of 133 awards were presented in the 1980s. Only one award was conferred in 1980 which was later followed by nine in 1981, fifteen in 1982, seventeen in both 1983 and 1984, twenty-one in 1985, fourteen in 1986, twelve in 1987, thirteen in 1988, and fourteen in 1989. The Padma Bhushan in the 1980s was also conferred upon ten foreign recipients – four from the United Kingdom, three from the United States, and one each from Denmark, France, and Japan. Individuals from nine different fields were awarded, which includes twenty-eight from literature and education, twenty-five from civil services, twenty-three artists, nineteen from science and engineering, thirteen from medicine, ten from public affairs, eight from social work, four from trade and industry, and three from sportspersons.[8] Pushpa Mittra Bhargava, scientist and founder-director of Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) who had received the award in 1986 in the field of medicine, returned it in 2015 in protest of the Dadri mob lynching and out of concern at the "prevailing socio-politico situation" in the country.[9]

Recipients


A photograph of a middle-aged man wearing a suit.
Cricketer Sunil Gavaskar (awarded in 1980) is widely considered one of the greatest opening batsmen of all time. He is the first batsman to score 10,000 runs in Test cricket.[10]
A photograph of a smiling old man with white hair and beard
In a career spanning over sixty years, filmmaker Richard Attenborough (awarded in 1983) is best known for his eight Academy Award-winning film Gandhi (1983) and is considered "one of Britain's best-known actors and directors".[11]
A black and white photograph of man wearing black glasses
Mathematician K. G. Ramanathan (awarded in 1983) is widely known for his works in number theory, mainly the analytic and arithmetic theory of quadratic forms over division algebras with involution.[12]
A photograph of an old man with white hair and beard and right hand kept on the chin
Known for his "bold depiction of socially controversial themes", writer and playwright Vijay Tendulkar (awarded in 1984) has 28 full-length plays to his credit, which include Sakharam Binder and Ghashiram Kotwal.[13]
A photograph of an old woman sitting on a chair wearing sari with right hand kept on the table
Founder of Self Employed Women's Association, Ela Bhatt (awarded in 1986) was consultant to UNICEF for the Bangladesh Women's Department in 1977 and was also presented with a Ramon Magsaysay Award.[14]
A photograph of a man standing in front of a microphone
Aerospace scientist Roddam Narasimha (awarded in 1987) is a former Director of the National Aerospace Laboratories and the Chairman of the Engineering Mechanics Unit at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. he has authored more than 250 scientific papers and fifteen books.[15]
A black and white photograph of a young man wearing glasses
British politician Fenner Brockway, Baron Brockway (awarded in 1989) was co-founder of No-Conscription Fellowship.[16]
Colour closeup photograph of a man wearing rectangular-framed spectacles with receding grey hairline
Scientist Ashesh Prasad Mitra (awarded in 1989) contributed towards research in fields of ionosphere and earth's near-space environment using ground-based and space technology. He was Director of the National Physical Laboratory of India (1982–86), Director-General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (1986–91), fellow of the Royal Society of London. He is often referred as "the doyen of upper atmospheric research in India."[17]
Black and white profile photograph of a balding man.
Japanese politician Yoshio Sakurauchi (awarded in 1989) was chairman of the Japan-India Association for over 25 years. In that capacity, and as the Foreign Affairs Minister, he helped strengthen cultural and economic ties of India and Japan.[18]
More information Award recipients by year Year Number of recipients 1980 1 1981 9 1982 15 1983 17 1984 17 1985 21 1986 14 1987 12 1988 13 1989 14, Year ...
More information # Indicates a posthumous honour ...
More information Year, Recipient ...

Explanatory notes

  1. The order of precedence is: Bharat Ratna, Param Vir Chakra, Ashoka Chakra, Padma Vibhushan and Padma Bhushan.[5]
  1. Benudhar Sharma died on 26 February 1981, at the age of 86.
  2. Nikhil Banerjee died on 27 January 1986, at the age of 54.
  3. Fenner Brockway died on 28 April 1988, at the age of 99.
Foreign recipients
  1. Indicates a citizen of the United States
  2. Indicates a citizen of the United Kingdom
  3. Indicates a citizen of Denmark
  4. Indicates a citizen of France
  5. Indicates a citizen of Japan

References

  1. [1]
    "PV Sindhu recommended for Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award, by sports ministry". Firstpost. 25 September 2017. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  2. [2]
    Lal, Shavax A. (1954). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (published 2 January 1954): 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2018. The President is pleased to institute an award to be designated 'Padma Vibhushan' in three classes, namely: 'Pahela Varg', 'Dusra Varg' and 'Tisra Varg'
  3. [3]
    "Padma Awards Scheme" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
  4. [4]
    Ayyar, N. M. (1955). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (published 15 January 1955): 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2018. All persons upon whom the decoration of 'Padma Vibhushan' ('Dusra Varg') was conferred under the Regulations issued with Notification No. 2-Pres./54, dated the 2nd January, 1954, shall, for all purposes of these regulations, be deemed to be persons on whom the decoration of Padma Bhushan has been conferred by the President.
  5. [5]
    "Wearing of Medals: Precedence Of Medals". Indian Army. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
  6. [6]
    Mukul, Akshaya (20 January 2008). "The great Bharat Ratna race". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  7. [7]
    Bhattacherje, S. B. (2009). Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates. Sterling Publishers. p. A248, A253. ISBN 978-81-207-4074-7. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016.
  8. [8]
    "Padma Awards Directory (1954–2014)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 21 May 2014. pp. 72–94. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
  9. [9]
    Mallikarjun, Y. (12 November 2015). "P.M. Bhargava sends back Padma Bhushan award to President". The Hindu. Hyderabad. Archived from the original on 28 February 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  10. [10]
    "Sunil Gavaskar Profile@espncricinfo". ESPN Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  11. [11]
    "Obituary: Richard Attenborough". BBC News. 24 August 2014. Archived from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  12. [12]
    "Professor K. G. Ramanathan" (PDF). Indian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  13. [13]
    "Vijay Tendulkar, voice of social stage, is dead". The Telegraph. Mumbai/Pune. 20 May 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  14. [14]
    "Ela Ramesh Bhatt Biography". Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation. September 1977. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  15. [15]
    "Prof. Roddam Narasimha,FRS". Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. 12 May 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  16. [16]
    Simkin, John. "British Journalist: Fenner Brockway". Spartacus Educational Publishers. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  17. [17]
    "Former CSIR chief dead". The Hindu. 4 September 2007. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
    • "A P Mitra, Former DGCSIR, passes away". National Aerospace Laboratories. 3–9 September 2007. Archived from the original on 29 January 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
    • Science & Society in the Twenty First Century: Quest for Excellence : the Road Ahead. National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources. 2004. p. 246. ISBN 978-81-7236-307-9.
  18. [18]
    "History of The Japan-India Association". Japan-India Association. Archived from the original on 22 September 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1980–1989), and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.