List_of_ants_of_Australia

List of ants of Australia

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The ant fauna of Australia is large and diverse. As of 1999, Australia and its external territories represent 1,275 described taxa (subspecies included) divided into 103 genera and 10 subfamilies.^[2] No publication since 1999 has estimated the current diversity of Australia's ant fauna, although it has considerably increased in size as the total amount of subfamilies in Australia today is around twelve. Very few species in the country are known to be invasive.

Australia is home to two-thirds of the world's subfamilies, one-third of known genera, 15% of all described species, and some genera found in Australia can be found nowhere else or they are found in neighboring countries instead. Australia's ant diversity is smaller than Central America, South America and Southeast Asia, it has roughly the same number of genera and species as the Orient and surpasses the amount of ants known in Europe, North America, Northern Asia and Northern Africa.^[3] The state of Queensland has the greatest diversity of ants in the world, with more than 1,400 species known within its borders.^[4] The total amount of species known in Australia could possibly be over 6,500, with only one in five ants being described.^[5]

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[447] Introduced species to Australia that is restricted to the country's northern regions.^[446]

[469] Introduced species to Australia which has a global invasive distribution, originally from West Africa.^[467]

[667] Introduced species to Australia that is a serious threat to native invertebrate fauna.^[664]

[807] Introduced species to Australia that was first recorded in 1958.^[803]

[841] Introduced species to Australia that is present in the Northern Territory, although a nest was found in Perth, Western Australia.^[834]^[835]^[836]

[847] Introduced species to Australia, with the first detection occurring in 2001 in Brisbane, Queensland.^[838]^[839] Populations of the Red imported fire ant were also recently discovered in Port Botany in Sydney.^[840] Further populations have been discovered at a Brisbane airport in late 2015.^[841]

[922] Introduced species to Australia. The earliest occurrence of the ant was recorded in 1932.^[914]^[915]

[926] Introduced species to Australia. It is widespread in the country.^[918]

[928] Introduced species to Australia. The earliest known record of the ants presence was in 1972, around the northern regions of Australia.^[919]

[930] Introduced species to Australia. The species was recently found in the British West Indies in 2003 and first recorded in the United States in 1986.^[920]

[937] Introduced species to Australia. Earliest records indicate that the first occurrence of the ant was in 1858.^[926]

[939] Introduced species to Australia. The species is known to be widespread in the country.^[927]

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[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201176-256] [256]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 76.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201179-257] [257]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 79.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201180-258] [258]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 80.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201182-259] [259]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 82.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201183-260] [260]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 83.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201184-261] [261]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 84.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201185-262] [262]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 85.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201187-263] [263]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 87.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201188-264] [264]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 88.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201190-265] [265]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 90.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201191-266] [266]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 91.

[FOOTNOTETaylor198732-267] [267]
Taylor 1987, p. 32.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 92.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 94.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 96.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201197-271] [271]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 97.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck201199-272] [272]
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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 100.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 101.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 103.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 104.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 107.

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Forel 1915, p. 77.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 108.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 111.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 112.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 113.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 115.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 116.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 118.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck2011120-287] [287]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 120.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck2011122-288] [288]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 122.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck2011123-289] [289]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 123.

[FOOTNOTETaylor198733-290] [290]
Taylor 1987, p. 33.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 124.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 127.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 128.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck2011130-294] [294]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 130.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck2011132-295] [295]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 132.

[FOOTNOTELowne1865279-296] [296]
Lowne 1865, p. 279.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 133.

[FOOTNOTEHeterickShattuck2011136-298] [298]
Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 136.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 137.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 138.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 139.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 141.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 142.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 144.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 146.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 147.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 149.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 150.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 151.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 153.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 155.

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Clark 1941a, p. 87.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 156.

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Heterick & Shattuck 2011, p. 158.

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Schmidt & Shattuck 2014.

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Clark 1934a, p. 34.

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Forel 1915, p. 32.

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Lucky & Ward 2010.

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Lucky 2011.

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Smith & Shattuck 2009, pp. 59–60.

[FOOTNOTESmithShattuck200958–61-335] [335]
Smith & Shattuck 2009, pp. 58–61.

[FOOTNOTESmithShattuck200959–63-336] [336]
Smith & Shattuck 2009, pp. 59–63.

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Forel 1915, p. 84.

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Taylor 1987, p. 36.

[FOOTNOTESmithShattuck200958–63-339] [339]
Smith & Shattuck 2009, pp. 58–63.

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Smith & Shattuck 2009, pp. 58–65.

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Emery 1895, p. 352.

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Forel 1915, p. 83.

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Emery 1895, p. 351.

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Clark 1941b, p. 62.

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Clark 1923.

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Clark 1924.

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Clark 1934a, p. 25.

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Taylor 1987, p. 17.

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Crawley 1922a, p. 433.

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Clark 1941a, p. 71.

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Wheeler 1918b, p. 254.

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Wheeler 1918b, p. 245.

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Wheeler 1918b, p. 252.

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Clark 1934a, p. 22.

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Clark 1941a, p. 77.

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Wheeler 1918b, p. 240.

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Forel 1915, p. 20.

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Wheeler 1918b, p. 257.

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Clark 1941a, p. 79.

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Wheeler 1918b, p. 251.

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Taylor 1987, p. 18.

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Clark 1934a, p. 23.

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Clark 1941a, p. 80.

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Clark 1941a, p. 76.

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Wheeler 1918b, p. 249.

[FOOTNOTEWheeler1918b259-369] [369]
Wheeler 1918b, p. 259.

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Taylor 1987, p. 19.

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Forel 1915, p. 19.

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Wheeler 1919b, p. 102.

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Taylor 1987, p. 37.

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Wheeler 1919b, p. 105.

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Lowne 1865, p. 276.

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Taylor 1987, p. 38.

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Forel 1915, p. 88.

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Forel 1915, p. 85.

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McAreavey 1947, p. 25.

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Forel 1915, p. 86.

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Schödl 2007, p. 401.

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Schödl 2007, p. 404.

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Schödl 2007, p. 379.

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Schödl 2007, p. 389.

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Schödl 2007, p. 382.

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Schödl 2007, p. 393.

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Schödl 2007, p. 392.

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Schödl 2007, p. 384.

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Schödl 2007, p. 385.

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Schödl 2007, p. 388.

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Forel 1915, p. 45.

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Clark 1938, p. 367.

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Taylor 1987, p. 39.

[FOOTNOTECrawley1922a444-397] [397]
Crawley 1922a, p. 444.

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Crawley 1922a, p. 445.

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Mayr 1876, p. 112.

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Schödl 2007, p. 405.

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Schödl 2007, p. 383.

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Schödl 2007, p. 400.

[FOOTNOTESchödl2007398-404] [404]
Schödl 2007, p. 398.

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Crawley 1922a, p. 443.

[FOOTNOTESchödl2007380-406] [406]
Schödl 2007, p. 380.

[FOOTNOTESchödl2007406-407] [407]
Schödl 2007, p. 406.

[FOOTNOTESchödl2007395-408] [408]
Schödl 2007, p. 395.

[FOOTNOTESchödl2007403-409] [409]
Schödl 2007, p. 403.

[FOOTNOTESchödl2007394-410] [410]
Schödl 2007, p. 394.

[FOOTNOTEShattuck200048-411] [411]
Shattuck 2000, p. 48.

[FOOTNOTETaylor198740-412] [412]
Taylor 1987, p. 40.

[FOOTNOTEShattuck200048,_51-413] [413]
Shattuck 2000, pp. 48, 51.

[FOOTNOTEBrown1952b12–13-414] [414]
Brown 1952b, pp. 12–13.

[FOOTNOTEForel1895424-415] [415]
Forel 1895, p. 424.

[FOOTNOTETaylorAlpert2016540-416] [416]
Taylor & Alpert 2016, p. 540.

[FOOTNOTEWheeler1919183-417] [417]
Wheeler 1919, p. 183.

[FOOTNOTETaylorAlpert2016542-418] [418]
Taylor & Alpert 2016, p. 542.

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Forel 1915, p. 36.

[FOOTNOTETaylorAlpert2016543-420] [420]
Taylor & Alpert 2016, p. 543.

[FOOTNOTEWheeler1919187-421] [421]
Wheeler 1919, p. 187.

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Heterick 2001, p. 394.

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Heterick 2001, p. 418.

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Heterick 2001, p. 395.

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Heterick 2001, p. 370.

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Heterick 2001, p. 396.

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Heterick 2001, p. 390.

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Heterick 2001, p. 419.

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Heterick 2001, p. 420.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 500.

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Heterick 2001, p. 421.

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Heterick 2001, p. 391.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 514.

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Heterick 2001, p. 397.

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Heterick 2001, p. 398.

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Heterick 2001, p. 384.

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Heterick 2001, p. 379.

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Heterick 2001, p. 399.

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Heterick 2001, p. 423.

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Heterick 2001, p. 424.

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Heterick 2001, p. 380.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 501.

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Heterick 2001, p. 400.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 502.

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Heterick 2001, p. 392.

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Clark 1941b, p. 67.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 503.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 506.

[FOOTNOTESparksAndersenAustin2014496-450] [449]
Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 496.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 509.

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Heterick 2001, p. 382.

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Mayr 1876, pp. 100, 101.

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Forel 1915, p. 71.

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Heterick 2001, p. 430.

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Heterick 2001, p. 432.

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Heterick 2001, p. 372.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 512.

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Heterick 2001, p. 406.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 513.

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Heterick 2001, p. 407.

[FOOTNOTEHeterick2001367,_407-462] [461]
Heterick 2001, pp. 367, 407.

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Heterick 2001, p. 433.

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Heterick 2001, p. 434.

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Crawley 1922a, p. 447.

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Sparks, Andersen & Austin 2014, p. 497.

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Heterick 2001, p. 435.

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Mayr 1876, p. 101.

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Heterick 2001, p. 388.

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List_of_ants_of_Australia

Subfamilies

Acropyga

Adlerzia

Aenictus

Amblyopone

Anochetus

Anonychomyrma

Anoplolepis

Aphaenogaster

Arnoldius

Austromorium

Austroponera

Brachyponera

Calomyrmex

Calyptomyrmex

Camponotus

Cardiocondyla

Carebara

Colobopsis

Colobostruma

Crematogaster

Cryptopone

Diacamma

Dilobocondyla

Discothyrea

Doleromyrma

Dolichoderus

Echinopla

Ectomomyrmex

Epopostruma

Eurhopalothrix

Froggattella

Gnamptogenys

Heteroponera

Hypoponera

Iridomyrmex

Iroponera

Leptanilla

Leptogenys

Leptomyrmex

Linepithema

Lioponera

Lordomyrma

Mayriella

Melophorus

Meranoplus

Mesoponera

Mesostruma

Metapone

Monomorium

Myopias

Myopopone

Myrmecia

Myrmecina

Myrmecorhynchus

Mystrium

Nebothriomyrmex

Nothomyrmecia

Notoncus

Notostigma

Nylanderia

Ochetellus

Odontomachus

Oecophylla

Onychomyrmex

Ooceraea

Opisthopsis

Orectognathus

Papyrius

Paraparatrechina

Paratrechina

Parvaponera

Peronomyrmex

Pheidole

Philidris

Plagiolepis

Platythyrea

Podomyrma

Polyrhachis