List_of_basil_cultivars

List of basil cultivars

List of basil cultivars

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Basil cultivars are cultivated varieties of basil. They are used in a variety of ways: as culinary herbs, landscape plants, healing herbs, teas, and worship implements. All true basils are species of the genus Ocimum. The genus is particularly diverse, and includes annuals, non-woody perennials and shrubs native to Africa and other tropical and subtropical regions of the Old and New World.[1] Although it is estimated that there are 50 to 150 species of basil,[2][3] most, but not all, culinary basils are cultivars of O. basilicum, or sweet basil. Some are cultivars of other basil species, and others are hybrids. It is particularly challenging to determine which species a basil belongs to. This is because basil cross-breeds easily, and drawing boundaries between species is particularly difficult. In fact, recent studies have led to reclassification of some portions of the genus.[4]

Basil cultivars vary in several ways. Visually, the size and shape of the leaves varies greatly, from the large lettuce-like leaves of the Mammoth basil and Lettuce leaf basil to the tiny leaves of the Dwarf bush basil. More practically, the fragrance of the basil varies due to the varying types and quantities of essential oils contained in the plants. The most important are 1,8 cineol, linalool, citral, methyl chavicol (estragole), eugenol and methyl cinnamate, although hardly any basil contains all of these in any significant amount.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

Basil cultivars

Holy basil
Sweet basil growing in the sun
Late summer Thai basil flowers
Harvested sweet basil leaves
Greek Bush Basil
More information Ocimum basilicum cultivars, Common name ...

See also

References

  1. [1]
    "Basil: An Herb Society of America Guide". Herb Society of America. Archived from the original on 2006-12-08. Retrieved 2006-12-30.
  2. [2]
    Simon, J.E., J. Quinn, and R.G. Murray (1990). "Basil: A source of essential oils". In J. Janick; J.E. Simon (eds.). Advances in new crops. Timber Press, Portland, OR. pp. 484–489.{{cite conference}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. [3]
    The Herb Garden, in the United States National Arboretum, showcases some 25 varieties of basil every year. The Herb Garden was a gift to the United States from the Herb Society of America.
  4. [4]
    Paton, Alan, R.M. Harley and M.M. Harley (1999). "Ocimum: an overview of classification and relationships". In Raimo Hiltunen; Yvonne Holm (eds.). Basil: the genus Ocimum. Australia: Harwood Academic Publishers. ISBN 9780203303771.{{cite conference}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. [5]
    Gernot Katzer. "Basil". Spice Pages. Retrieved 2012-12-03.
  6. [6]
    "Thai Basil vs. Basil: What's the Difference?".
  7. [7]
    "6 Basil Varieties to Grow & Love". 3 July 2018.
  8. [8]
    "Thai Sweet Basil vs. Genovese Basil: (Comparison with Photos)".
  9. [9]
    "Thai herbs: A basil Primer (Holy basil, Thai basil, lemon basil)". 28 September 2014.
  10. [10]
    "Thai Basil Vs. Holy Basil: SPICEography Showdown". 9 October 2018.
  11. [11]
    "Thai Basil vs. Holy Basil | Thai basil, Holy basil, Harvesting basil".
  12. [12]
    "Thai Basil vs. Basil". 3 September 2020.
  13. [13]
    "Thai Basil Simply Has No Substitute".
  14. [14]
    Diane Relf (August 1997). "Basils for the Home Garden". Virginia Cooperative Extension. Archived from the original on 2006-12-05. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  15. [15]
    "Lettuce Leaf Basil". Observations. The Tucson Gardener. Archived from the original on 2010-01-08. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  16. [16]
    "Basil growing: sweet basil". The Tasteful Garden. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  17. [17]
    Miele, Mariangela; Dondero, R; Ciarallo, G; Mazzei, M; et al. (2001). "Methyleugenol in Ocimum basilicum L. Cv. 'Genovese Gigante'". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 49 (1): 517–521. doi:10.1021/jf000865w. PMID 11170620.
  18. [18]
    Copetta, Andrea; Lingua, G; Berta, G; et al. (2006). "Effects of three AM fungi on growth, distribution of glandular hairs, and essential oil production in Ocimum basilicum L. var. Genovese". Mycorrhiza. 16 (7): 485–494. doi:10.1007/s00572-006-0065-6. PMID 16896796. S2CID 195074378.
  19. [19]
    Copetta, A.; et al. (30 November 2006). Three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differently affect growth, distribution of glandular trichomes and essential oil composition in Ocimum basilicum var. genovese. Vol. 723. ISHS Acta Horticulturae. ISBN 978-90-6605-669-5. Retrieved 3 July 2009.
  20. [20]
    "Spicy Globe Basil". iVillage. Archived from the original on 2007-05-19. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  21. [21]
    Deborah Wechsler. "Bountiful Basil". National Gardening Association. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  22. [22]
    "Basil "Magical Michael"". All-American Selections. Colorado State University Denver County Cooperative Extension. Archived from the original on 2006-09-12. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  23. [23]
    "Herbs". Galaxy Gardens. Archived from the original on 2006-11-24. Retrieved 2007-01-05.
  24. [24]
    "Basil". Pete's Herbs. Archived from the original on 2007-01-21. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  25. [25]
    Pino, J; Rosado, A; Goire, I; Roncal, E; Garcia, I (1993). "Analysis of the essential oil from cuban basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)". Nahrung. 37 (5): 501–504. doi:10.1002/food.19930370515.
  26. [26]
    "Basil-icious!". United States National Herb Garden. Archived from the original on 2007-03-23. Retrieved 2006-12-30.
  27. [27]
    "Ocimum basilicum (Anise basil)". Backyard Gardener. Archived from the original on 2007-02-25. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  28. [28]
    "Basil" (PDF). An Herb Society of America Fact Sheet. Herb Society of America. 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-12-28. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  29. [29]
    "Basil, Greek or Bush Basil". Chiltern Seeds. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  30. [30]
    "Ocimum minimum information from NPGS/GRIN". www.ars-grin.gov. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  31. [31]
    Thomas DeBaggio (April–May 1998). "Sweet Dani Basil". Herb Companion. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
  32. [32]
    "AAS Winners 1933 to Present". All-American Selections. Archived from the original on 2010-02-04. Retrieved 2011-06-19.

General references

  • Madalene Hill & Gwen Barclay (2003). "Basil for the Gardener's Kitchen: Herb of the Year, 2003". The Herbarist. 69: 43.
  • Helen H. Darrah (1980). The cultivated basils. T. E. Thomas, Buckeye Printing Co. ASIN B0006E2MDS.
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