List_of_infantry_divisions_of_the_Soviet_Union_1917–1957

List of infantry divisions of the Soviet Union 1917–1957

List of infantry divisions of the Soviet Union 1917–1957

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This is a list of infantry divisions of the Soviet Union 1917–1957. It lists infantry divisions in the Soviet Union from the Russian Revolution to the reorganization of the Soviet Army in the aftermath of the Stalinist era. Mechanized Divisions were formed during 1945–46, and then all remaining Rifle Divisions were converted to Motor Rifle Divisions in 1957. During World War II more than 700 Rifle Divisions were raised.[1]

See also: List of Soviet Union divisions 1917–45

Divisional banner of the 50th Guards Rifle Division

Divisions of the Russian Civil War

Many infantry (pekhotniye in Russian), literally 'movement', and rifle (strelkoviye in Russian), literally 'sharpshooter', divisions were inherited by the Workers-Peasants Army from the former Imperial Russian Army, but were renamed in the spirit of the Revolutionary times, often with names including words such as "Proletariat", "workers and peasants", or other titles that differentiated them from the past. They employed some of the 48,000 former Tsarist officers and 214,000 Tsarist NCOs along with over 10,000 administrative personnel. Initially the new 'Bolshevik' rifle divisions were composed of rifle brigades, and included:

The division was to have an establishment of 26,972, with 14,220 combat troops, and depended on 10,048 horses to manoeuvre. Due to difficulties with recruiting volunteers into the armed forces early in the Russian Civil War, conscription was introduced on 29 May 1918, and all infantry divisions were renamed into rifle divisions on 11 October 1918.

The first six of the 11 formed divisions were those formed in the Petrograd, Moscow, Orel, Yaroslav, Privolzhsk and Ural okrugs. However, the divisions were initially only numbered, eventually 1st through to 47th by 1919. Five of these divisions were also named.

The Russian Civil War divisions were allocated to the various Fronts, including:

  • Internal districts (reserve) – 1st to 11th divisions
  • Northern Front – 18th and 19th divisions
  • Eastern Front – 20th to 22nd, and 24th to 31st divisions
  • Caspian-Caucasus Front – 32nd to 36th divisions
  • Southern Front – 12th to 16th, 23rd, and 37th to 42nd divisions
  • Western Front – 17th, 'Lithuanian', and 'Western' Rifle Divisions
  • In Petrograd headquarters command – 1st and 2nd 'Latvian' divisions
  • In reserve of the Kyiv headquarters command – 'Ukrainian' division

Other Civil War rifle divisions

The structure of the divisions (N 220/34) had changed by the end of 1918 to increase the number of regiments in brigades to three, while eliminating the artillery brigade headquarters, leaving the nine artillery divizions (battalions) and one horse artillery battery to be allocated to rifle brigades. An armoured automobile detachment (otryad) was also added.

By 1921 the establishment of the rifle division had changed substantially in accordance with TO&E N 1400/246 for peace-time, with two brigades and only 15,876 personnel, and the reduction of artillery to two battalions and one battery, and the cavalry from four to three squadron regiment.

From 10 June 1922 the organization of rifle divisions war changed from brigade to regiment structure, with three regiments in each. The establishment of divisions stationed in the border areas was reduced to 8,705 personnel, and those in the interior regions to 6,725, including the reduction to a single cavalry squadron. The number of divisions was increased to 49.

Divisions of the interwar years

Due to increasing economic difficulties in the post-war USSR, the armed forces were substantially reduced, and from 8 August 1923 transferred to the territorial system of organisation. All divisions were reduced to an establishment of 1,437 permanent cadre and 8,084 conscripted personnel. These new divisions were initially called militia-rifle divisions (Russian: милиционной-стрелковая дивизия), and later were renamed territorial-militia divisions (Russian: территориально-милиционная дивизия). However, despite reduction in number of service personnel, the number of territorial-militia divisions quadrupled by summer 1928.

The territorial principle of manning the Red Army was introduced in the mid-1920s. In each region able-bodied men were called up for a limited period of active duty in territorial unit, which comprised about half the Army's strength, each year, for five years.[13] The first call-up period was for three months, with one month a year thereafter. A regular cadre provided a stable nucleus. By 1925 this system provided 46 of the 77 infantry divisions and one of the eleven cavalry divisions. The remainder consisted of regular officers and enlisted personnel serving two-year stints.

Most of the divisions that participated in the Russian Civil War were disbanded by 1927, however, Leon Trotsky initiated a formation of the new armed force with a professional cadre which was supported in its evolution even after his departure from Soviet Union. The reform in the rifle forces that begun in 1924 did create some notable changes, including commencement of adding names to the regular and newly formed territorial divisions, and creation of national divisions, notably one Belarusian, four Ukrainian, two Georgian, one Armenian, and one Azerbaijanian divisions. In 1928 1st and 3rd Turkestan, and in 1929 an Azerbaijanian divisions were reorganized as mountain-rifle divisions. Of the 70 rifle division, 41 were now territorial in their establishment.

During the 1930s the RKKA infantry forces were not only expanded, but also substantially reorganized, in part due to substantial input of military theorists into their doctrinal development, such as that of Mikhail Tukhachevsky whose 1934 report to the Defence Committee included 13 categories for divisional organization of the infantry. On 31 January 1935 the Committee decreed adoption of a single 13 thousand personnel peace-time establishment for a rifle division with the following organization:

  • Division HQ
  • three rifle regiments
  • one artillery regiment
  • one tank battalion (mixed)
  • separate reconnaissance battalion (light tank company, cavalry squadron and SP artillery battery)
  • communications battalion
  • separate anti-aircraft machine-gun company
  • sapper company
  • aviation flight
  • rear services/logistics and sustainment units

This structure more than double the number of combat personnel in the division from the 1929 establishment of 20.2% to 41.7%. In May 1937 the military commissars were added to the establishment of all RKKA military forces.

On 29 November 1937 four types of structures for rifle forces were established:

Far Eastern District divisions – 10,000 establishment
Cadre divisions – 7,000 (6950) establishment
Cadre mountain divisions – 4,000 establishment
Cadre territorial divisions – 6,000 (5,220) establishment. These divisions lacked the communications, reconnaissance and sapper battalions.

The territorial system was reorganized, with all remaining formations converted to 'cadre' divisions, in 1937 and 1938,[14] with the cadre divisions retaining one territorial regiment until reorganisation that followed 1938 restructuring of all armed forces. Kamchatka and Sakhalin divisions were also added in the wake of the Soviet–Japanese Border Wars.

By 1938 there were plans to increase the number of rifle divisions in the RKKA (Red Army) from 98 to 173. These would include:

17 rifle divisions with 14 thousand personnel
1 rifle divisions with 12 thousand personnel (TO&E 04/400)
33 rifle divisions with 8,900 personnel (TO&E 04/100)
76 rifle divisions with 6 thousand personnel (TO&E 04/120)
33 rifle divisions with 3 thousand personnel
13 mountain-rifle divisions with 4 thousand personnel

The wartime strength of the new rifle division that was intended to include two artillery regiments was to have 18 thousand personnel, but none had been brought up to this strength by 1941.

Divisions of the Second World War

Two events shaped the evolution of the RKKA rifle divisions during the initial period of the Second World War: the decision in 1938 to reorganise the Army, in part due to and following the repressions of the officer corps in 1937, and the 1939 campaign in Poland, and later war against Finland.

In the course of the Second World War the Soviet Union's Red Army raised over four hundred and fifty numbered rifle divisions (infantry). Usually the rifle divisions were controlled by the higher headquarters of the rifle corps. But scores of these formations were reformed several times; the total number of divisional formations formed may have been as high as 2,000, according to Craig Crofoot.

On 22 June 1941 the Red Army had 103 divisions in the western military districts, of which 70 were organised according to peace-time TO&E 04/100 with 10-thousand bayonet strength (actual number of rifles 7,818), but brought up to the 12-thousand strength (TO&E 04/400), with another six at the 11-thousand strength. Another 78 rifle divisions in the interior military districts were organised according to peace-time TO&E 04/120 6-thousand (5,864) bayonet strength (actual number of rifles 3,685). The wartime organisation of the RKKA rifle division was 14-thousand (14,483) with 10,420 rifles, but only 20 western border divisions had been brought up to this establishment when the war begun.

Zaloga notes that the Red Army formed at least 42 'national' divisions during the Second World War, including four Azeri, five Armenian, and eight Georgian rifle divisions and a large number of cavalry divisions in Central Asia, including five Uzbek cavalry divisions.

Note on Designations

During the war, many divisions were formed, destroyed or otherwise disbanded, and reformed several times: A notional example, using imaginary designations, runs:

"The 501st Rifle Division (1st formation), readiness category B organized to 1937 tables may have been disbanded at Vyazma in 1941, and a new 501st Division (2nd formation), readiness category A organized on 1942 tables formed in Rostov thousands of km away, then renamed 200th Guards Rifle Division in 1944, and a new 501st (3rd formation), readiness category A organized to 1944 tables division formed in Minsk".

Rifle Divisions list

1–10

11–20

21–30

31–40

41–50

51–60

61–70

71–80

81–90

91–100

101–110

111–120

121–130

  • 121st Rifle Division — Formed at Mogilev in September 1939,[citation needed] fought at Rylsk and Kiev. With the 38th Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front in May 1945.
  • 122nd Rifle Division — established at Rylsk 4.39, fought at Kandalaksha. With 57th Army of the 3rd Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded with the Southern Group of Forces in the summer of 1945.[51]
  • 123rd Rifle Division — established at Vishny Volochek in 1939. Fought in Winter War with Finland, and subsequently in northern Russia. With the 67th Army of the Leningrad Front in May 1945.
  • 124th Rifle Division — established at Kirovograd 9.39 and wiped out near Kiev 9.41. Recreated at Voronezh, fought at Stalingrad and became the 50th Guards Rifle Division 11.42. Created again Schlusselberg from the 56th, 102nd, and 138th Rifle Brigades 4.43, fought at Mga, Neman, and in Manchuria. With 39th Army of the RVGK 5.45.
  • 125th Rifle Division — established at Kirov prior to 6.40, fought near Leningrad. With 21st Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 126th Rifle Division — established at Moscow Dec 1940, and was with Eleventh Army in June 1941. Second division with same number established at Vorishilov Sep 1941. Original incarnation of division disbanded Dec 1941. Second incarnation of division fought at Stalingrad, Melitopol, and in Ukraine and Crimea. With 43rd Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front May 1945. The lineage and traditions of the second formation of the division were taken up by the 126th Motor Rifle Division, finally disbanded in 1996, and then the 126th Coastal Defence Brigade of the Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy, established in the Temporarily occupied and uncontrolled territories of Ukraine in 2014.
  • 127th Rifle Division — (training camp on 10 June 1941, Kharkov Military District). Established at Kharkov July 1940, fought at Yelna and became the 2nd Guards Rifle Division on 18 September 1941. Recreated at Atkarsk Feb 1942, fought near Stalingrad, became 62nd Guards Rifle Division 1.43. Third formation created 5.43 from the 52nd and 98th Rifle Brigades. Fought in Ukraine and Poland. With 3rd Guards Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 128th Mountain Rifle Division — originally formed 1920s as 1st Turkestan RD. Possibly with Eleventh Army in June 1941. Fought near Leningrad and at Kattowitz. With 21st Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 129th Rifle Division — established at Moscow from 2nd Moscow Militia Division Jun 1941. Fought at Smolensk, Yartsevo, and Vyazma; wiped out at Vyazma Oct 1941. Recreated at Moscow Oct 1941. Fought in southern Russia, at Orel, and in Poland and the Baltic regions. With Third Army of the 1st Belorussian Front May 1945.
  • 130th Rifle Division — established at Romny August 1939 and wiped out at Vyazma October 1941. Reactivated at Moscow on basis of 3rd Moscow Communist Rifle Division 22.1.42 and became 53rd Guards Rifle Division 12.42. Activated again from 152nd, 156th, and 159th Rifle Brigades at Matveyev Kurgan 1.43, fought at Taganrog, Brest, and Gumbinnen. With the 28th Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front in May 1945.

131–140

141–150

  • 141st Rifle Division — established at Slavyansk September 1939. Wiped out at Nikolayev Aug 1941. Recreated at Kazan Jan 1942. Fought at Kharkiv, Voronezh, Kiev, Stanislav, and in the Carpathians. With 7th Guards Army of the 2nd Ukrainian Front May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 142nd Rifle Division — established at Hiitola prior to June 1941. Fought in the Continuation War and in East Prussia. With the 2nd Belorussian Front in May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Northern Group of Forces.[23]
  • 143rd Rifle Division — established at Gomel prior to June 1941. Wiped out at Bryansk October 1941. Recreated at Korosten Dec 1943. Fought at Kovel, Praga, and Warsaw. With 47th Army of the 1st Belorussian Front May 1945.
  • 144th Rifle Division — established at Ivanovo in the autumn of 1939. Fought at Moscow, Smolensk, in Belorussia, at Vilnius and stormed Kaunas 31 Jul 1944. Later fought in East Prussia (Königsberg) and in Manchuria. With Fifth Army of the Stavka RVGK Reserve May 1945.
  • 145th Rifle Division — established at Belgorod prior to June 1941. Fought at Smolensk; wiped out at Roslavl August 1941. Recreated at Balachna Jan 1942. Fought at Chelm and Vitebsk, then in the Baltic lands and Poland.
  • 146th Rifle Division — established at Bedichev July 1940. Wiped out at Kiev September 1941. Recreated at Kazan January 1942. With 3rd Shock Army of the 1st Belorussian Front May 1945.
  • 147th Rifle Division — established at Lubny September 1939. Fought at Kiev and wiped out there Aug 1941. Goff, 1998, says reformed from 426th RD about 28 January 1942. Fought at Stalingrad, in Ukraine, and at Berlin. With 13th Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front May 1945.
  • 148th Rifle Division — established at Engels prior to July 1941. Fought at Voronezh, Kursk, Chernigov, Shepetovka, Ternopol, and Lvov. With 60th Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Northern Group of Forces.[23]
  • 149th Rifle Division — established at Ostrogozhsk prior to June 1941. Fought at Smolensk and Yelnya; wiped out at Vyazma October 1941. Recreated at Ryazan around 27 Jan 1942 from the 427th Rifle Division. Fought at Lenino and Volyinskiy. With 3rd Guards Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 150th Rifle Division — established at Vyazma September 1939. Wiped out at Izyum May 1942. Recreated at Turga Aug 1942. Fought at Schneidemühl, Königsberg, and Berlin. Stormed the Reichstag building in April 1945. With 3rd Shock Army of the 1st Belorussian Front May 1945.

151–160

  • 151st Rifle Division — established at Udshary prior to Jun 1941. Wiped out at Kiev Sep 1941. Recreated at Udshary Oct 1941. Served on Turkish frontier. Fought at Zhmerinka and Stanislav, in the Carpathians and Hungary, and at Budapest. With 26th Army of the 3rd Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded with the Southern Group of Forces in the summer of 1945.[51]
  • 152nd Rifle Division — established at Chita prior to 1939. Fought at Smolensk and Yartsevo; wiped out at Vyazma Oct 1941. Recreated in north Urals Jan 1942 (Goff, 1998, says reformed from 430th RD about 22 January 1942). Fought in Karelia, at Dnipropetrovsk, in East Prussia, and at Berlin. With 28th Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45.
  • 153rd Rifle Division — became the 3rd Guards Rifle Division in September 1941; Re-activated in early 1942 as the 153rd Rifle Division; 31 December 1942 renamed the 57th Guards Rifle Division; with the 50th Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front in May 1945. 1957 renamed 57th Guards Motorized Rifle Division; attached to the Eighth Guards Army (1945–1990s).
  • 154th Rifle Division — established at Ulyanovsk prior to Jun 1941. Fought in Bryansk Pocket and Kaluga. Became 47th Guards Rifle Division in Oct 1942. Recreated at Rzhev May 1943. With 2nd Guards Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front May 1945.
  • 155th Rifle Division — established at Opotschka in 1939. Fought in the Winter War and wiped out at Bryansk 10.41. Recreated at Moscow from 4th Moscow Home Guard Rifle Division 1.42, fought at Kalinin, Kursk, in the Carpathians, and at Budapest. With 27th Army of the 3rd Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded with the Southern Group of Forces in the summer of 1945.[51]
  • 156th Rifle Division — established at Staniza-Petrovska prior to Jun 1941. With 9th Rifle Corps of Odesa Military District in June 1941 and fought in Crimea. Disbanded Aug 1942. Recreated from 26th and 162nd Rifle Brigades at Kalinin Apr 1943. With 4th Shock Army of the Kurland Group (Leningrad Front) May 1945.
  • 157th Rifle Division — established at Novocherkassk in 1939. Fought in Crimea and Stalingrad, became the 76th Guards Rifle Division in March 1943. Recreated from 148th Rifle Brigade at Kalinin March 1943, fought at Chernigov and Insterburg. With 5th Army of the RVGK 5.45.
  • 158th Rifle Division — established at Yeysk in 1940. Wiped out at Smolensk Aug 1941. Recreated at Moscow from 5th Moscow Home Guard Rifle Division Jan 1942. Fought at Kalinin and Vitebsk. With 2nd Belorussian Front May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.[15]
  • 159th Rifle Division — established at Belaya Tserkov 6.40, with 6th Rifle Corps, 6th Army of the Soviet Southwestern Front 22.6.41. Wiped out at Kiev 9.41 and recreated in the Urals the same month. Fought at Stalingrad and became the 61st Guards Rifle Division 1.43. Created again at Rzhev from the 20th Rifle and 49th Ski Brigades June 1943, fought at Vitebsk and Insterburg. With 5th Army of the RVGK 5.45. See also fr:159e division de fusiliers.
  • 160th Rifle Division — established at Gorki from the 6th Moscow People's Militia Rifle Division Jun 1941. Second formation with same number while first still existed, formed Nov 1941. Fought at Kharkiv and Stalingrad. Became the 89th Guards Rifle Division Apr 1943. Created for third time at Gydnia March 1945. With 70th Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.[15] Disbanded in 1955 in the Transcaucasus Military District by being renumbered 4th Rifle Division.

161–170

  • 161st Rifle Division — formed in 1940, became the 4th Guards Rifle Division on 18 September 1941. Reformed for the second time in April (or June) 1942 from 13th Separate Rifle Brigade in Moscow MD.[62] Fought at Kursk, in the Carpathians, and in Poland. With 1st Guards Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front May 1945. 24th Mechanised Division by 1955, 99th Motor Rifle Division 1957, then became 161st Motor Rifle Division in 1957. After 1990 became Ukrainian 161st Mechanised Brigade.
  • 162nd Rifle Division — began assembly on 1 June 1941 in Kharkov Military District, established at Artemovsk prior to Jun 1941. Wiped out at Vyazma Oct 1941. Recreated at Verchniy Ufalev Jan 1942. Inactivated Jul 1942. Recreated at Tashkent from the Central Asia NKVD Division Oct 1942. Fought near Baranov, in Poland, and in the Berlin Operation. With 70th Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.[15]
  • 163rd Rifle Division — established at Vishny Volochev 7.30, was motorized by 9.39, later reverted to leg infantry. Fought at Suomussalmi (wiped out), Pskov, Demyansk, Kiev, Iasi, Budapest, and Vienna. With 27th Army of the 3rd Ukrainian Front 5.45.
  • 164th Rifle Division — established at Orsha November 1939. Wiped out at Vyazma October 1941. Recreated at Lenino October 1943; with 4th Shock Army of the Kurland Group (Leningrad Front) May 1945. Became 16th Rifle Brigade 1946, became 73rd Mechanized Division October 1953,[63] 121st Motor Rifle Division 1957.[64]
  • 165th Rifle Division — established at Ordzhonikidze prior to June 1941. Wiped out December 1941. Recreated at Kurgan December 1941. Fought at Gydnia in 1945. With 70th Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.[15]
  • 166th Rifle Division — established at Tomsk prior to June 1941. Wiped out Vyazma Oct 1941. Recreated Cherbarkul Jan 1942. Fought at Kursk and in Kurland. With 6th Guards Army of the Kurland Group (Leningrad Front) May 1945.
  • 167th Rifle Division — established at Tula prior to 6.41 and wiped out at Rogachev 8.41. Recreated at Ssucho Lug 2.42, fought near Bryansk, at Kursk, in the Carpathians, and in Hungary. With 1st Guards Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front 5.45.
  • 168th Rifle Division — established at Sortovala prior to 12.39, fought in Winter War. With 7th Army (Soviet Union) on 22 June 1941, fought near Leningrad and Stalingrad. With 22nd Army of the RVGK 5.45.
  • 169th Rifle Division — established at Vinnitsa prior to 1940. Fought at Kiev, Uman, Stalingrad, Orel, and in East Prussia. With 3rd Army of the 1st Belorussian Front May 1945.
  • 170th Rifle Division — established at Sterlitamak prior to Feb 1942. Recreated; fought at Demyansk, Staraya Russa, Kursk, Rechitsa, and in East Prussia and Kurland. With 48th Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front May 1945.

171–180

  • 171st Rifle Division — established at Kamensk September 1939. Wiped out at Kiev in September 1941. Fought in battle for the Reichstag building in Berlin, Apr 1945.
  • 172nd Rifle Division — established at Simferopol prior to 6.41 and wiped at Mogilev 7.41. Recreated from 3rd Crimean Rifle Division in 1941. Fought and destroyed at Sevastopol 7.42. Created again at Moscow 10.42, fought at Pavlograd, Kursk, and Kielce. With 13th Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Stayed with the 13th Army postwar in the Kiev Military District and became the 172nd MRD in 1965. Disbanded by becoming a weapons and equipment storage base in 1990 just before the collapse of the Soviet Union.
  • 173rd Rifle Division — established at Gjassin in 1940 and wiped out at Uman August 1941. Recreated at Moscow from the 21st People's Militia Rifle Division 9.41. Fought at Tula and Stalingrad, became the 77th Guards Rifle Division 1.3.43. Created again at Staritsa from the 150th Rifle Brigade. Fought at Chernigov, Lenino, and Minsk. With 31st Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 174th Rifle Division — established at Kurgan 8.40 and became 20th Guards Rifle Division 17.3.42. Created again at Starobelsk from the 130th Motorized Rifle Brigade in April 1942 and became 46th Guards Rifle Division 10.42. Recreated at Kaluga from the 28th Rifle Brigade 4.43, fought at Kursk, and in Belorussia and East Prussia. With 31st Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 175th Rifle Division — established at Prokladny prior to 6.41, wiped out at Kiev 9.41. Recreated at Tyumen 3.42, fought near Stalingrad and inactivated there 9.42. Recreated again at Sverdlovsk after 10.42, fought at Demyansk and in Belorussia. With 47th Army of the 1st Belorussian Front May 1945.
  • 176th Rifle Division — established at Krivoy Rog in April 1941, with 9th Army in June 1941. Fought at Novorossiysk and became 129th Guards Rifle Division 10.43. Created again at Maselkaya from the 65th and 80th Naval Rifle Brigades 3.44. With 31st Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 177th Rifle Division — established at Leningrad prior to June 1941. Fought in northern areas of front. With 23rd Army of the Leningrad Front) May 1945.
  • 178th Rifle Division — established at Omsk prior to Jun 1941. With 23rd Army of the Leningrad Front) May 1945.
  • 179th Rifle Division — Established at Vilnius in 1940. With 29th Rifle Corps of Eleventh Army on 22 June 1941. Fought at Kalinin, Gomel, and Vitebsk; with 4th Shock Army of the Kurland Group (Leningrad Front) May 1945.
  • 180th Rifle Division — formed 1940 in the Baltic Special MD; became 28th Guards Rifle Division 3 May 1942, recreated at Tscherepowez 6.42, fought at Kiev, Targul Frumos, and Budapest. With 53rd Army of the 2nd Ukrainian Front in May 1945. Briefly 14th Rifle Division in the mid-1950s, assigned directly to Odesa Military District headquarters.[65] Then became 88th Motor Rifle Division 1957, but became 180th Kiev Red Banner Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov Motor Rifle Division in 1965 and remained under that title until the 1990s, based at Belgorod-Dnestrovsky. After 1992 became Ukrainian 27th Mechanised Brigade.

181–190

191–200

201–210

211–220

  • 211th Rifle Division — established at Zagorsk prior to 6.41 and wiped out at Vyazma 10.41. Recreated at Novossil 1.42 (Goff, 1998, says reformed from 429th RD about 16 Dec 1941), fought at Voronezh, Kursk, and Chenigov. With 1st Guards Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front 5.45.
  • 212th Rifle Division — established at Cherkassy 6.41. In a report of 13 July 1941, the temporary commander of 15th Mechanised Corps said the division, 'with an almost full complement of Red Army soldiers, completely lacked vehicles for transporting personnel and could not even secure auto-transport for supply of ammunition, foodstuffs, and fuel and lubricants and also for the transportation of weapons.'[70] Fought at Moscow, Kharkov, and Stalingrad. Inactivated at Stalingrad 11.42. Recreated at Ssuschinitschi from the 4th and 125th Rifle Brigades 6.43, fought at Kursk. With 61st Army of the 1st Belorussian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.[15]
  • 213th Rifle Division — established at Vinnitsa 3.41 and wiped out at Uman 8.41. Recreated at Katta Kurgan 1.42, fought at Kursk, Targul Frumos, and in the Vistula-Oder Operation. With 52nd Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.
  • 214th Rifle Division — 6,000 establishment (commenced mobilisation at Luhansk on 10 June 1941, Kharkov MD); established at Vorishilovgrad 4.41 and wiped out at Vyazma 10.41. Recreated at Ufa 1.42, fought at Stalingrad, Voronezh, Kremenchug, Kirovograd, and the Puławy Bridgehead. With 52nd Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45.
  • 215th Rifle Division — Formed May 1942 from 48th Rifle Brigade, fought at Smolensk and Vilnius. With 5th Army of the RVGK 5.45. Moved to the Far East and fought in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria.
  • 216th Rifle Division — established at Staro Konstantinov in May 1941. Fought at Kharkiv and in Karelia, Crimea, and Kurland. With 50th Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front May 1945. 216 RD in Fourth Army (Soviet Union) until 1955. 1955 redesigned 34th Rifle Division, but then disbanded 7 July 1956.[32]
  • 217th Rifle Division — established at Voronezh Jun 1941. Fought at Yelnaya and wiped out in Bryansk Pocket. Recreated Pavlograd Oct 1941. Fought at Kaluga, near Kursk, and in Belorussia, East Prussia, and Kurland. With 48th Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front May 1945.
  • 218th Rifle Division — established at Gusyatin prior to 6.41, inactivated 7.42. Recreated at Kiev 11.43, fought at Zhitomir. With 6th Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 219th Rifle Division — established as motor rifle division at Kharkiv 4.41 and wiped out at Kiev 9.41. Recreated as rifle division at Kirssanov 5.42, fought near Stalingrad. With 22nd Army of the RVGK 5.45.
  • 220th Rifle Division — established at Vyazma in 1941. Arrived from Orel Military District to join 19th Army, seemingly detached from 23rd Mechanised Corps in early July 1941. A report by 19th Army Chief of Staff, Major General Rubtsov, on 24 July 1941 said that the division was 'hardly formed as a motorised rifle division and had no tanks and vehicles and was understrength in artillery.'[71] Fought at Yelnaya, Vyazma, Rzhev, Grodno, and Minsk. With 31st Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front 5.45. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]

221–230

231–240

241–250

251–260

261–270

271–280

281–290

291–300

301–310

311–320

321–330

331–340

341–350

351–360

361–370

371–380

381–390

391–400

401–410

  • 401st Rifle Division — formed on 28 November 1941. First commander Colonel Alexander I. Romanenko. On 5 January 1942 renamed 135th Rifle Division. At this time it was at 70% of personnel, 48% artillery and mortars and 36% motor-transport in establishment. The artillery regiment only had two divizions (not 'divisions'; divizion is a Russian specialist military term for a battalion-sized artillery unit) with six 4-gun batteries. It took eight weeks to form. In some sources these divisions are called "lightened" (V.N. Shunkov, Red Army) and memoirs of a member of the 396th Rifle Regiment from archives of the 135th Rifle Division museum in Kolomna.[83]
  • 402nd Rifle Division — Azeri national formation.[84] Established at Agdam 9.41, fought on the Terek River and in the Caucasus. Involved in capturing Mozdok from German forces in December 1942. However, as of 12 December, after the capture of Mozdok, only 4000 personnel, or less than half the full-time personnel, were left in the division. By decision of the Military Council of the 44th Army it was decided to use the personnel of the division to complete the formation of the 416th Rifle Division. The divisional headquarters were sent to Grozny to rebuild. Since then, the 402nd Rifle Division was in reserve of the Transcaucasian Front, effectively becoming the Azerbaijani national training division. With the Transcaucasus Front May 1945.
  • 403rd Rifle Division — formed at Samarkand December 1941, became 78th Rifle Division (3rd formation) Mar 1942[85]
  • 404th Rifle Division — established at Sumgait 10.41 and wiped out at Kerch 5.42. Recreated in Transcaucasian Military District.
  • 405th Rifle Division — established in Almaty, Kazakhstan January 1942; became 120th Rifle Division (II) 3.3.42.
  • 406th Rifle Division — established at Kirovakan 9.41 as Georgian national formation, fought in the Caucasus. With 12th Rifle Corps of the Transcaucasus Front May 1945.
  • 407th Rifle Division — established at Akhalkalaki in 1941. Soldat.ru forum information may however indicate that 407 RD was formed three times during World War II never seeing frontline service. First formation was in the Volga Military District, which was renamed as the 141 Rifle Division (II Formation); re-created in the Central Аsian MD (at Semipalatinsk) in April 1942, but without having finished formation, it is disbanded in May 1942. Third formation was at Kutaisi in the Transcaucasus MD in the summer of 1945 on the basis of 94th Rifle Brigade, but was then disbanded in February 1946.[86] It was replaced by the 414th Rifle Division.[87]
  • 408th Rifle Division — established at Yerevan in March 1942 as an Armenian national formation,[88] fought at Tuapse. May have become 408th Rifle Brigade 12.42.
  • 409th Rifle Division — established at Stepanavan in 1941. Fought at Kirovograd, Iasi, Targul Frumos, and Bratislava. With 7th Guards Army of the 2nd Ukrainian Front May 1945. Disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.[21]
  • 410th Rifle Division — became 2nd Rifle Division 4th formation in January 1942.[89]

411-420

421–440

441–474

Guards Rifle Divisions

1 – 10 Guards Rifle Division

11 – 20 Guards Rifle Division

21 – 30 Guards Rifle Division

31 – 40 Guards Rifle Division

41 – 50 Guards Rifle Division

51 – 60 Guards Rifle Division

61 – 70 Guards Rifle Division

71 – 80 Guards Rifle Division

81 – 90 Guards Rifle Division

91 – 100 Guards Rifle Division

101 – 110 Guards Rifle Division

111 – 120 Guards Rifle Division

121 – 129 Guards Rifle Division

Motor Rifle Divisions

People's Militia

Leningrad People's Militia Divisions

People's Militia divisions, listed in the order of creation, were hastily created in mid-1941 as the German advance neared Leningrad. In Russian, they were designated дивизия народного ополчения – Narodnoe Opolcheniye Division – or гвардейская дивизия народного ополчения – Guards Narodnoe Opolcheniye Division. On 23 September 1941 all the divisions of the Leningrad Narodnoe Opolcheniye Army divisions were used to form Red Army units mostly within the Leningrad Front.

  • 1st (Kirov) People's Militia Division, named for the Kirovsky District (commander Kombrig V.A. Malinnikov) By 15 August, this division had joined the retreating 70th and 237th Rifle Divisions and engaged in the fighting on approaches to Novgorod. On 3 September its 3rd regiment was transferred to the command of the 291st Rifle Division, and replaced by the 76th Latvian Separate Rifle regiment on 14 September.
  • 2nd (Moscow) People's Militia Division named for the Moskovsky District (commander (to July, Colonel N.S. Ugrumov)
  • 3rd (Frunze) Division of People's Militia named for the Frunzensky District (Фрунзенский район) (commander (Colonel А.P. Netreba, from 16 August Z.N. Alekseyev) which from September was receiving volunteers from the Altai and Siberia.
  • 1st Guards Division of People's Militia (18 July 1941) (commander Colonel I.M. Frolov) (deployed next to the 237th Rifle Division) formed in the Kuybishev District
  • 2nd Guards People's Militia Division (18 July 1941) (commander Colonel Sholev, later Colonel V.A. Trubachev) formed in the Sverdlovsk District. Fought with 42nd Army. Redesignated as 85th Rifle Division in Sept 1941.
  • 4th (Dzerzhinsky) Light Division of People's Militia (19 July 1941) named for the Dzerzhinsky District (commander Colonel P.I Radigin) (1st regiment detached on 22 July to the 191st Rifle Division in Narva. This was a "light" division initially formed in the Krasnogvardeysky District, with only 4,257 personnel, but almost entirely motorised, and admitting only volunteers with prior combat experience. The division was allowed a period of extended combat training.
  • 3rd Guards People's Militia Division (24 July 1941) (commander Colonel V.P. Kotelnikov) which later fought with the 402nd Red Banner rifle regiment (commander Colonel Ya.S. Yermakov) of the 168th Rifle Division (commander Colonel A.L. Bondarev) formed in the Petrograd Military District. fought with the 42nd Army. Redesignated as 44th Rifle Division in Sept 1941.
  • 4th Guards People's Militia Division (27 July 1941) formed in the Kalinin District was never fully formed and on 13 August transferred to Army reserve, its personnel used to complete units of other divisions. However, its three rifle regiments continued to participate in combat under command of other divisions, and the staff of the division was retained, and used to conduct induction training and formation, as well as command of replacement militia battalions.
  • 5th (Kuybishevskaya) People's Militia Division (1 September 1941) (commander Colonel F.P. Utkin) formed early September 1941 from the former 4th division and on 10 September moved to Pulkovo.
  • 6th Division of People's Militia – formed 1 September 1941
  • 7th Division of People's Militia (commander Colonel I.S. Kuznetsov) raised on 17 September 1941 it was re-designated on 30 September as the 56th Rifle Division.

Moscow People's Militia Divisions

Although 25 Narodnoe Opolcheniye divisions were intended for formation, only 16 were formed due to demand for workers in building the fortifications for the defence of Moscow. By 7 July 1941 140,000 volunteers had been accepted into the Moscow People's Militia, and organised into 12 divisions (of establishment (shtat) 11,633) named according to the city rayons. However, on 20 September 1941 they were redesignated as regular rifle divisions (numbers in brackets):

These divisions were allocated to the Mozhaisk Defence Line Front (commander General P.A. Artemyev) which consisted of the 32nd Army (General N.K. Klykov) in Vyazma, 33rd Army (Kombrig D.P. Onuprienko) in Spas-Demensk and 34th Army (General N.I. Pronin), and also included five NKVD divisions (one each in the 32nd and 34th Armies, and three in the 33rd Army).

In October 1941 four more divisions were formed

Other People's Militia Divisions

  • A Rostov-on-Don People's Militia Cavalry Division later became the 116th Cavalry Division, and later still the 12th Guards Cavalry Division. It was incorporated into a separate People's Militia rifle regiment raised at the same time. The division initially enlisted Don Cossack population of the region.
  • The Stalingrad People's Militia corps included cavalry and infantry People's Militia Divisions, and a tank brigade donated and crewed by the local factory workers.
  • Although 15,000 personnel joined the Sevastopol People's Militia, these were organised into a corps of four, later three brigades.
  • Krasnodar Krai, Kirovsk Krai, Voronezh Krai, and Yaroslav Krai formed a People's Militia division each.

See also

Notes

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References
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