List_of_musical_instruments_by_Hornbostel–Sachs_number:_311.121.221

List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number: 311.121.221

List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number: 311.121.221

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This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 311.121.221 under that system. These instruments are single-stringed heterochord musical bows with an attached resonator but without a tuning noose.

3: Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments).
31: Instruments which consist solely of a string bearer or a string bearer with a resonator that is not integral to the instrument
311: Instruments with a string bearer shaped like a bar, or consisting of a sideways board (bar zithers)
311.1: Instruments with a flexible or curved string bearer
311.12: Instruments with string made from a different material than the string bearer
311.121: Instruments with only one heterochord string
311.121.2: Instrument has a resonator
311.121.22: Instrument has a resonator that is attached
311.121.221: Instrument does not have a tuning noose

These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.

  • 4: Hammers or beaters
  • 5: Bare hands and fingers
  • 6: Plectrum
  • 7: Bowing
    • 71: Using a bow
    • 72: Using a wheel
    • 73: Using a ribbon
  • 8: Keyboard
  • 9: Using a mechanical drive
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References

  • von Hornbostel, Erich M.; Curt Sachs (March 1961). "Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the Original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann". The Galpin Society Journal. 14. The Galpin Society Journal, Vol. 14: 3–29. doi:10.2307/842168. JSTOR 842168.

Notes

  1. [1]
    Graham, Richard (Spring–Summer 1991). "Technology and Culture Change: The Development of the "Berimbau" in Colonial Brazil". Latin American Music Review / Revista de Música Latinoamericana. 12 (1). Latin American Music Review / Revista de Música Latinoamericana, Vol. 12, No. 1: 1–20. doi:10.2307/780049. JSTOR 780049. Although this metamorphosis insured the emerging berimbau a higher social status as a Brazilian national instrument.
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