List_of_presidents_of_Peru

List of presidents of Peru

List of presidents of Peru

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This is a list of those who have served as President of the Republic of Peru (head of state and head of government of Peru) from its establishment to the present. The office was established by the Constituent Congress of Peru (1822), after the resignation of José de San Martín to his position as Protector of Peru and his subsequent departure from Peru.

The first president was José de la Riva Agüero and the current president in office is Dina Boluarte, the first woman to hold the position. In the history of the position, there has been a series of political crises, caudillos, barracks revolt, civil wars, death of the incumbent, coups d'état, parliamentary attempts to remove the presidency,[1] one autocoup, and vacancies dictated by the congress. The list is based on the work of the historian Jorge Basadre, constitutions, laws, and decrees in each case.

Even though they were not presidents, the list includes the Libertadores José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar due to their historical relevance in the independence of Peru and its consolidation.

Presidents

Political parties:

Far-right:   Revolutionary Union (Unión Revolucionaria, UR)

Right wing:   Civilista Party (Partido Civil, PC)   Fujimorism (Cambio 90/ Let's Go Neighbor)   Constitutional Party (Partido Constitucional)   Reformist Democratic Party (Partido Democrático Reformista)   Peruvian Democratic Movement (Movimiento Democrático Peruano, MDP)

Centre-right:   Peruvians for Change (Peruanos Por el Kambio, PPK)

Centrist:   Popular Action (Acción Popular, AP)   Possible Peru (Perú Posible, PP)   Purple Party (Partido Morado, PM)

Centre-left:   Democratic Party (Partido Demócrata, PD)   Peruvian Aprista Party (Partido Aprista Peruano, APRA)   National Democratic Front (Frente Democrático Nacional)

Left wing:   Peruvian Nationalist Party (Partido Nacionalista Peruano; PNP)

Far-left:   Free Peru (Perú Libre, PL)

Others:   Independent   Military

More information No., Portrait ...

Timeline

Dina BoluartePedro CastilloFrancisco SagastiManuel MerinoMartín VizcarraPedro Pablo KuczynskiOllanta HumalaAlejandro ToledoValentín PaniaguaAlberto FujimoriAlan GarcíaFrancisco Morales BermúdezJuan Velasco AlvaradoFernando Belaúnde TerryNicolás Lindley LópezRicardo Pérez GodoyManuel OdríaJosé Luis Bustamante y RiveroManuel Prado UgartecheDavid Samanez OcampoLuis Miguel Sánchez CerroÓscar BenavidesGuillermo BillinghurstAugusto LeguíaJosé Pardo y BarredaSerapio CalderónManuel CandamoEduardo López de RomañaJustiniano BorgoñoRemigio Morales BermúdezAndrés Avelino CáceresMiguel IglesiasLizardo MonteroFrancisco García CalderónNicolás de PiérolaLuis La PuertaManuel Pardo y LavalleMariano Herencia ZevallosTomás GutiérrezJosé BaltaPedro Diez CansecoMariano Ignacio PradoJuan Antonio PezetMiguel de San RománJosé Rufino EcheniqueRamón CastillaManuel Ignacio de VivancoJuan Francisco de VidalManuel MenéndezFelipe SalaverryLuis José de OrbegosoAgustín GamarraJosé de La MarSimón BolívarJosé Bernardo de TagleJosé de la Riva AgüeroJosé de San Martín

Addendum

Those who are mentioned in the following list were sworn in as presidents of Peru, because of a political crisis, however, they never came to govern:[65]

More information President, Term of office ...

See also

Notes

  1. As Protector of Peru
  2. Appointed
  3. José Bernardo de Tagle was appointed president by Antonio José de Sucre on 17 July 1823. This was then made official on August.[4]
  4. As Supreme Political and Military Authority of the Peruvian Republic
  5. As Supreme Head of the Republic
  6. As President of the Council of State of Peru
  7. As Supreme Director of Peru
  8. As Provisional Supreme Chief from 1865 to 1867, as Provisional President in 1867, and as constitutional President of Peru from 1867 to 1868
  9. As Supreme Leader of the Peruvian Republic
  10. As Supreme Head of the Peruvian Republic until 8 July 1881
  11. Congress of Chorrillos
  12. As President of the Governing Board of Peru from 4 February 1914 to 15 May 1914, and as Provisional President of the Peruvian Republic from 15 May 1914 to 18 August 1915
  13. As President of the Military Junta of the Government of Peru
  14. As President of the Transition Government Junta
  15. Appointed by Congress
  16. As President of the Military Junta of the Government of Peru until 1 June 1950
  17. As President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru
  18. As President of the Government of Emergency and National Reconstruction of Peru between 22 April 1992 and 9 January 1993
  19. Succeeded to the presidency as President of Congress

References

  1. Cfr. Pérez-Liñán, Aníbal (2007). Presidential impeachment and the new political instability in Latin America. Cambridge University Press.
  2. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 298. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  3. Castañeda Jiménez. "Manuel José de Salazar y Baquijano" (PDF). Congress of the Republic of Peru. Retrieved 14 December 2020. El Congreso aprobó tal designación el 18 de noviembre de 1823 y estableció que su mandato fuese de cuatro años. Nombró igualmente, el mismo día a Diego de Aliaga y Santa Cruz, hijo segundo del Conde de San Juan de Lurigancho, como vicepresidente de la República.
  4. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 68. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  5. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú. Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 140. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  6. Basadre, Jorge (2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 130. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  7. Congress of the Republic of Peru (10 November 1839). "Constitución del Perú (1839)". Art. 82º.- Cuando vacare la Presidencia de la República por muerte, pacto atentatorio, renuncia o perpétua imposibilidad física o moral, se encargará provisionalmente del Poder Ejecutivo el Presidente del Consejo de Estado, quien en estos casos convocará a los Colegios Electorales dentro de los primeros diez días de su Gobierno para la elección del Presidente.
  8. Congress of the Republic of Peru (10 November 1839). "Constitución del Perú (1839)". Art. 101º.- Para reemplazar al Presidente del Consejo en cualquiera ocurrencia, hará sus veces el Vicepresidente que también nombrará el Congreso, y asimismo un tercero para los casos
  9. Basadre, Jorge (2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 222. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  10. Basadre, Jorge (2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 102. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  11. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 208. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  12. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 200. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  13. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 66. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  14. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 186. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  15. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 284. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  16. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 25. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  17. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 30. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  18. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 31. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  19. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 34. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  20. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 110. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  21. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 111. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  22. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 140. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  23. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 144. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  24. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 147. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  25. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 149. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  26. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 176. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  27. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 180. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  28. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 190. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  29. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 213. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  30. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 214. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  31. Basadre, Jorge (4 December 2014). Historia de la República del Perú (in Spanish). Producciones Cantabria S.A.C. p. 225. ISBN 978-612-306-353-5.
  32.   Llosa, Mario Vargas (27 March 1994). "Ideas & Trends: In His Words; Unmasking the Killers in Peru Won't Bring Democracy Back to Life". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 24 March 2023. The coup of April 5, 1992, carried out by high-ranking military felons who used the President of the Republic himself as their figurehead, had as one of its stated objectives a guaranteed free hand for the armed forces in the anti-subversion campaign, the same armed forces for whom the democratic system – a critical Congress, an independent judiciary, a free press – constituted an intolerable obstacle.
    • "Spymaster". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. August 2002. Retrieved 29 March 2023. Lester: Though few questioned it , Montesinos was a novel choice. Peru's army had banished him for selling secrets to America's CIA, but he'd prospered as a defence lawyer – for accused drug traffickers. ... Lester: Did Fujmori control Montesinos or did Montesinos control Fujimori? ... Shifter: As information comes out, it seems increasingly clear that Montesinos was the power in Peru.
    • Keller, Paul (26 October 2000). "Fujimori in OAS talks PERU CRISIS UNCERTAINTY DEEPENS AFTER RETURN OF EX-SPY CHIEF". Financial Times. Mr Montesinos ... and his military faction, ... for the moment, has chosen to keep Mr Fujimori as its civilian figurehead
    • "THE CRISIS OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN THE ANDES" (PDF). Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. 2001. Retrieved 25 March 2023. Alberto Fujimori,... as later events would seem to confirm—merely the figurehead of a regime governed for all practical purposes by the Intelligence Service and the leadership of the armed forces
    • "Questions And Answers: Mario Vargas Llosa". Newsweek. 9 January 2001. Retrieved 25 March 2023. Fujimori became a kind of, well, a figurehead
  33. "¿San Román, presidente? – perupolitico.com". www.perupolitico.com. Retrieved 19 January 2021.

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